Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Sarcoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Stromal Cells ; pathology

Objective To investigate the role of acid and bile reflux in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to evaluate the significance of detecting acid and bile reflux in diagnosing GERD in children.Methods Using ambulatory 24 h pH mo-(nitoring) and bilirubin monitoring technique, we simultaneously assessed the changes of intraesophageal pH and bile reflux in 23 subjects (including 11 healthy controls and 12 patients with GERD).Results The time of esophageal acid exposure (pH

Abdominal Pain ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the incidence of acid and bile reflux in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to study the roles of bile and gastrin in the pathogenesis of childhood GERD.

METHODSForty-two cases of GERD were divided into two groups according to endoscopic findings: reflux esophagitis (RE) and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). The patients underwent 24-hr ambulatory esophageal pH and bilirubin monitoring. The serum concentration of gastrin was detected by radioimmunoassay. Thirteen children without gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, digestive tract disease and severe systemic organic disease served as the Control group.

RESULTSOf the 42 cases of GERD, 24 cases were confirmed with RE, with esophageal mucosal lesions, and 18 were NERD without esophageal mucosal lesions by endoscopy. Both acid and bile reflux parameters, including the percentage of total time with pH < 4 and bilirubin absorbance >/= 0.14, the total number of reflux episodes and the number of bile reflux episodes lasting longer than 5 minutes, were significantly higher in the GERD patients than those in the Control group (P < 0.05). The time of esophageal acid exposure (pH < 4) and the percentage of total time with bilirubin absorbance >/= 0.14 increased significantly in the RE group compared with in the NERD group (P < 0.05). Sixteen RE patients had a mixed reflux of bile and acid (66.7%) but only 6 NERD patients (33.3%) had (P < 0.01). The serum concentration of gastrin in the RE group (125.12 +/- 45.06 pg/mL) and the NERD group (98.22 +/- 27.92 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that of the Control group (74.22 +/- 20.34 pg/mL) (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 respectively). A significant difference was noted in the serum concentration of gastrin between the RE and the NERD groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMixed reflux of bile and acid are common in children with GERD. Bile reflux may play a role in the development of GERD. Gastrin parasecretion may participate in the development of GERD. Gastrin and bile reflux may have synergistic effects on the development of childhood GERD.

Adolescent ; Bile ; physiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrins ; blood ; physiology ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; etiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male

Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; surgery ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; analysis ; Splenectomy

·AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab and 577nm laser in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion combined with macular edema.·METHODS: Totally 64 patients ( 64 eyes ) with retinal vein occlusion accompanied by macular edema were treated in our hospital from June 2014 to March 2017. Among them, 40 cases ( 40 eyes ) were in the central retinal vein occlusion group, 24 cases (24 eyes) were in the branch retinal vein occlusion group. They were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab 0. 5mg, and the laser photocoagulation of 577nm was performed at 5 to 7d after injection. Meanwhile, 42 patients who did not wish to be treated with injection were treated with laser treatment only. The changes of the indexes before and after treatment were compared.·RESULTS: The average number of blocking group repeated injection of branch retinal vein for 1. 71 ± 0. 79, while the average number of patients with repeated injection of central retinal vein occlusion was 2. 11 ± 0. 80. All patients requiring repeated injections interval was greater than 30d. At 1mo after treatment, there was no patients with decreased visual acuity in branch retinal vein occlusion group, while there were 6 eyes with that in central retinal vein occlusion group, 14 eyes in simply laser group. The mean best corrected visual acuity (LogMAR) of the three groups was 0. 87±0. 60, 0. 57±0. 48 and 0. 54±0. 32, respectively, were significantly lower than that before treatment (1.26±0.53, 0.86±0.39, 0.76±0.26;P< 0. 05 ). The mean macular retinal thickness before treatment was 683.24±211.83, 557.39±128.29 and 545.82± 129. 76μm, were significantly higher than those at the last follow-up 412. 09±257. 38, 356. 29 ± 133. 02 and 322. 78 ± 109. 55μm ( P < 0. 05 ). There were 6 cases of subconjunctival hemorrhage in patients treated with laser therapy combined with laser therapy. The intraocular pressure increased to 25mmHg in 2 eyes in 2 patients and recovered after symptomatic treatment.· CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with 577nm laser treatment can greatly enhance the visual acuity, effective decrease macular retinal thickness in patients with retinal vein occlusion and macular edema.

Objective To study the morbidity of cough variant asthma (CVA) among patients with chronic cough syndrome and its relative risk factors. Methods Patients were recruited with detailed history on their illness. Data were collected on physical examination, chest X-ray, eosinophil cell counts, pulmonary ventilation with histamine stimulating test and bronchi dilation test. According to available data, diagnosis of CVA was confirmed and the relative factors Questionnaire form was completed for each patient. Results Among 473 patients with chronic cough, 95 (44 male and 51 female) were confirmed to be CVA (20.08%). Analysis of the relative factors suggested that CVA was associated with multiple factors. Morbidity of CVA was associated with season, personal histories on allergy and family history on asthma, CVA could be induced by upper respiratory tract infection, inhale of oil vapor, acrimony air, over-burdened physical exercises etc. Conclusion For patients with chronic cough symptom, clear diagnosis of CVA, avoid of passable risk factors and timely medical intervention when necessary, would be helpful in controlling clinical courses and improving the prognosis of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the anatomy of lateral crural skin flap nourished by cutaneous branches of peroneal artery and its clinical application as vascularized skin flap transfer.

METHODSIn 20 cadavers specimen with 40 lower limbs, the cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery were dissected and their measurements were recorded. In the other 30 adult legs, their perforating points of the cutaneous arteries of peroneal artery were detected with supersonic Doppler flow meter. With the aid of anatomic and supersonic Doppler flow meter study, vascularized transfer of lateral crural skin flap pedicled by cutaneous branches of peroneal artery were successfully performed in 21 clinical cases.

RESULTSIn altogether 40 legs studied, 140 cutaneous branches were found. One to seven branches were found on one specimen, the average was 3.5 branches, in one leg was a high perforating skin branch. The perforating points of the cutaneous branches were mostly (76% cases) appeared within 7 - 21 cm length below the protruding point of head of fibula. The external diameter of the thickest cutaneous branch of each leg was (1 .4 - 2.9) mm, (1.8 +/- 0.4) mm, while the external diameters of two vena concomitants were (3.0 +/- 0.5) mm and (2.4 +/- 0.4) mm. 145 artery perforating points in 30 legs were detected by Doppler, with an average points of 4.8. The skin flaps taken in the 21 clinical cases were 5.0 cm x 3.5 cm - 28 cm x 11 cm in size. All the transferred free flaps survived uneventfully.

CONCLUSIONSThe lateral crural skin flap is nourished by a variable number of cutaneous branches of peroneal artery. The main branch can meet the demand of microvascular anastomosis. The free transfer of lateral crural flap by anastomosis of cutaneous branch of peroneal artery is superior to lateral skin flap transfer by anastomosis of main trunk of peroneal artery with the merit of simple procedure, minimal trauma and more physiological circulation established.

Adult ; Aged ; Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a real-time RT-PCR based plasma virus quantification method and monitor the plasma viral load of SHIV-CN97001 during its in vivo passages in rhesus macaques.

METHODSViral RNA standards were prepared by in vitro transcription and one-tube real-time RT-PCR were established and optimized using TaqMan EZ RT-PCR CORE REAGENTS and TaqMan probes and primers directed to the 91 bases within the conserved gag region of SHIV. Plasma viral RNA of 126 plasma samples from rhesus macaques of different viral passages was quantified.

RESULTSThe PCR system was optimized by using serial dilution of standards, and the viral RNA load was detected. The lowest limit of the standard curve reached 2x10(-2) copies/ml. The correlation (r>0.99) and the repetition (CV=4.14 percent) also met the requirement. It was revealed that the viral RNA load of third passage was the highest. Generally, the viral load peaks (10(5)-10(6) copies/ml) appeared at the fourteenth day after the infection or inoculation.

CONCLUSIONThe method of one-tube real-time RT-PCR was established successfully, which may provide a sensitive way to qualify SHIV viral load. This will contribute to the establishment and application of SHIV/rhesus macaque models. It was also found that the replicative ability of SHIV-CN97001 was enhanced during the first 2 in vivo passages.

Animals ; HIV ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; HIV Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Serial Passage ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Viral Load

This study was carried out to examine the effect of different donor cell type and micro-manipulation on the development of reconstituted embryos. Cultured mural cumulus cells or fibroblast cells from an adult transgenic goat expressing human erythropoietin(rhEPO) were used as the donor cells in nuclear transfer experiments. The reconstituted eggs were generated by transferring fibroblast cells or cumulus cells into the perivitelline space of enucleated M II oocytes and then followed by electrofusion and activation. After 6 days' incubation in vivo, the reconstructed embryos developed into morulae or blastocysts were transferred into 6 foster recipients. Two of the foster-mothers were pregnant and gave birth to two offspring, which were derived from the fibroblast cell and cumulus cell, respectively. Fingerprint analysis showed that the PCR-RFLP patterns of the two offspring were identical to that of donor goats. PCR results indicated that these cloned goats carried hEPO gene as same as their donor cells.
Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Cell Fusion ; methods ; Cloning, Organism ; Embryo Transfer ; trends ; Erythropoietin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Goats ; embryology ; genetics ; Humans ; Microinjections ; methods ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Oocytes ; cytology