Objective: To examine the help-seeking tendency of Chinese undergraduates in a normal university when they suffering from mental problems, and the reasons that prevented them from seeking professional help. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 292 undergraduates. Results and Conclusions: ①The subjects preferred solving problems themselves to seeking others, and prefered to go to those who were closed to them when they had to ask for help. The professional counseling service was chosen only when the problem became severe and emotionally disturbed.②Male university students preferred to solve problems themselvesmrre than female ones, and students from the city preferred to solve problems themselves more than those from the countryside.③3 Some factors or categories were identified from the total 9 reasons that responsible for not asking for professional help, in which the more important two were "self efficacy relevant factor" and "saving face relevant factor".

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of early, enough methylprednisone combined with immunoglobulin in treatments of severe hand-foot-mouth disease.

METHODS568 patients of severe hand-foot-mouth disease involved were randomized into group A and group B. Patients of both groups all accepted symptomatic treatment, supportive therapy and the treatment of control intracranial pressure. And patients in group A received the treatment of early, enough methylprednisone combined with immunoglobulin, whereas patients in group B received conventional therapy. RESULTS; Curative rate of group A was better than that of group B, otherwise incidence rate of critical illness was less than that of group B. The control time of fever, erythra, neurological symptoms, features of pneumonia and increased leukocyte of group A was shorter than that of group B, and no more recent or Long-term treatment-related adverse reaction in group A.

CONCLUSIONEarly, enough methylprednisone combined with immunoglobulin is effective, safe in treating severe hand-foot-mouth disease, and worthy to recommand its clinical use.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomedical Research ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged

Angiotensin I ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; physiology ; Infusions, Intraventricular ; Male ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Aged ; Colectomy ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Rectum ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; pathology ; Th1 Cells ; pathology ; Th2 Cells ; pathology

BACKGROUND:Recently, bone tissue engineering is highlighted from the nature source. OBJECTIVE:To explore the preparation of a cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite scaffold as the novel bone substitution. METHODS: As raw materials, the cuttlebone appeared to have a hydrothermal reaction with diammonium phosphate under specific conditions, and the hydrothermal products were characterized respectively by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results showed that the hydrothermal products were hydroxyapatite. The cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite possessed good three-dimensional structure. Cytocompatibility of the cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite with MG63 cels culturedin vitro were observed and we found the cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite had no obvious effects on cellgrowth and no toxicity, which can be used as new bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

doctors from 72 township health centers in 3 counties of Jiangxi Province were given a written test in basic medical knowledge, clinical knowledge of prevention and healthcare and professional knowledge. The rate of excellence of the scores was 45.4% while the rate of failure was 16.9%. A comparative analysis is made of the differences in the scores of doctors of different sexes, ages, specialties, educational backgrounds, and professional titles. It is suggested that it is imperative to conduct training for all doctors so as to enhance the overall quality, to lay stress on the key points and focus on the tackling of the weak links, and to perfect the mechanism so as to promote the renewal of knowledge.

Objective:To analyse the coronary lesion of patients with rheumatic heart disease.Methods:Selective coronary arteriography in comparison with ECG,ECT and ultrasonography were performed on 66 cases with rheumatic heart disease from Aprll,1995 to April 1999.Results:Single or multiple stenosises of coronary artery were found in 10 cases (15.2%).Unsmooth lumen and multipl atherosclerosis plaques were found in 12 cases (18.2%),58 cases had atrial fibrillation.44 cases had ST-T changed or abnormal Q wave(66.7%).Mitral valve was demaged in all cases with ultrasonography.Conclusion:It is essential that patients with rheumatic heart disease to have valve replacement should have coronary arteriography. [

Objective To better understand the relationship between doctors service quality and benefit in township public health centers so as to grasp the priorities of management and reform and promote the healthy development of the health cause. Methods The method of single factor analysis was combined with the method of stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results The study indicates that doctors delivering high quality service on average see more patients per day and contribute more to the business income and that service expenses are lower for patients seeking service from doctors who on average see more patients per day. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between doctors service quality and benefit in township public health centers.

35 % and the intraoperative blood loss was expected to be 800-1 600 ml. The operations were performed under combined general-epidural anesthesia. General anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2-4 ?g?kg-1 , thiopentone 5 mg?kg-1 and succinylcholine 1.5mg? kg-1 and maintained with isoflurane inhalation and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. Epidural anesthesia was performed at T5-6 (thoracic surgery), T10-11 (upper abdominal surgery) or L3-4 (lower abdominal surgery) . A mixture of 0.1% lidocaine +0.2% dicaine was used for epidural block during operation. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) ANIH group ( n = 18) and (2) AHH group ( n = 20) . Blood volume (BV) was calculated according to following formula: BV (ml) (male) = Height (cm)? 28.5 + Body weight (kg) ? 31.6 - 2 820,BV(ml) (female) = Height(cm)? 16.25 + Body weight (kg) ? 38.46 - 1 369. 1 000-1 200 ml of 6% HES (200/0.5) and 500 ml of lactated Ringer's solution (about 25%-30% of BV) were infused at a rate of 50ml?min-1 when induction of anesthesia was started in both groups. In group I (ANIH) 400-600 ml of blood (about 10%-15% of BV) was removed through radial artery before induction of anesthesia. The removed blood was reinfused at the end of surgery. Vital signs (BP,HR,CVP and ST-T changes) , Hct, oncotic pressure and arterial blood lactate concentration were monitored during operation. Results The vital signs were fairly stable during perioperative period in both groups. Transient hypotension developed in 16.7% (3/8 in group Ⅰ ) and 15.0% (3/20 in group Ⅱ ) of patients during induction of anesthesia. CVP was significantly elevated in both groups but the increase in CVP was significantly higher in group Ⅱthan that in group Ⅰ . In group Ⅰ (AN1H) moderate hemodilution was achieved (Hct = 29.9% 2.9%) while in group Ⅱ (AHH) only mild hemodilution was achieved (Hct = 32.9% ?2.9%) .Hct was significantly higher in group Ⅰ(31.5% ?5.1%) than that in group Ⅱ (27.7% ?3.6%) at the end of surgery. Blood loss was comparable between the two groups, and oncotic pressure and blood lactate level were within normal range in both groups. Conclusion ANIH is more effective and safer than AHH without obvious adverse effects, and can avoid exceedingly high CVP commonly seen in AHH. ANIH is a hemodilution technique of choice in the elderly patients.

PBL tutoring is quite different from the traditional tutoring and emphasizes the importance of student-centred instead of teacher-centred education.In PBL,teachers guide students to find answers to their own questions and facilitate students' learning process.Therefore,the tutor role is complex and has a fundamental change.