Ion channelopathies are the mainly etiopathogenisis of inherited arrhythmia. Those arrhythmia syndromes are commonly caused by ion channel gene mutation, which can be classified as sodium,potassium and calcium ion channel mutation.Changes in the genes encoding for cardiac ion channel subunits produce modification in the function of the channels, and cause the dysfunctions of cardiac electrical activity; and the clinical manifestation is malignant arrhythmia.
Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Channelopathies ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; genetics ; physiology ; Mutation

Objective To explore a more reasonable and effective therapeutic regimen and evaluate prognostic factors in hepatoblastoma patients after combined therapy.Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed on hepatoblastoma between Jan.2000 and Nov.2007 were reviewed and followed-up.Resection with chemotherapy was taken among 16 cases.Chemotherapy included pre-operation and post-operation.Five cases were cured by transcatheter arterial chemombolization(TACE).Six cases were cured by single chemotherapy(both TACE and single chemotherapy were taken in 2 cases).Five cases weren't cured by pre-operation chemotherapy.Nine cases were subjected to curative resection,3 cases to alleviative resection,2 cases with single chemotherapy,1 case with single TACE,and 1 case refused operation and left hospital.Their mean survival duration was 13.5 months(3-98 months).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total survival rate of cases as stage Ⅳ as lower than cases as stage Ⅰ,Ⅱand Ⅲ.Both alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)100 000 ?g/L cases had worse survival rate.The prognosis of mixed type was better than fetal type,embryonal type and anaplasia type.The survival rate of cases with standard chemotherapy was higher than cases with unstandard chemotherapy.And the surgical resection cases had better survival chance than non-surgical resection cases.The survival rate of surgical residual cases was worse than non-surgical residual cases.Conclusions Chemotherapy can improve the total survival rate and long-term survival rate of hepatoblastoma patients.TACE is a safe and effective choice for hepatoblastoma patients.We need to be alert and make the diagnosis as early as possibe,and treat it early and properly.

Objective - （ ） To explore the influence on the diagnosis of occupational noise induced deafness ONID using three ， Methods versions of diagnostic criteria in 2002 2007 and 2014. A total of 1 766 workers who asked for ONID diagnosis were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. The results of pure tone audiometry were collected. GBZ 49-2002Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Noise-inducedHearing Loss（ The ONID was diagnosed using hereinafter referred to as GBZ 49-2002），GBZ 49-2007Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Noise-induced Deafness（ GBZ 49-2007） hereinafter referred to as GBZ 49-2014 Diagnostic of Occupational Noise-induced Deafness（ GBZ 49-2014）， and hereinafter referred to as and the Results - - ， - diagnostic results were compared. Compared with GBZ 49 2002 and GBZ 49 2007 diagnosis with GBZ 49 2014 had （ vs ， vs ， P ）， （ vs ， a higher rate of ONID 57.9% 66.0% 44.8% 66.0% both <0.01 and had a higher rate of mild ONID 47.3% 54.6% vs ， P ） - - 36.0% 54.6% both <0.01 . The diagnostic rate for ONID using GBZ 492014 was higher than those using GBZ 49 2002 and - （ P ）Conclusion - GBZ 49 2007 in each age groups all <0.01 . GBZ 49 2014 improved the diagnostic rate of ONID compared - - with GBZ 49 2002 and GBZ 49 2007. The reason is related to the inclusion of 4 000 Hz hearing threshold with a weight of 0.1 - as the diagnostic hearing threshold and the use of a new age and gender correction method in GBZ 49 2014.

Objective To study the effect of exogenous rhBMP-2(recombinant human bone morpho- genetic protein-2)on the expression of endogenous TGF-?1 during osteogenesis in rabbits.Methods After successfully duplicating experimental rabbit skull defect model,we detected and analyzed the expression of en- dogenous TGF-?1 of the pericranium in different stages by using immunohistochemieal method in both the ex- perimental group and the control group.Results In the experimental group a lot of mesenchymal cells with positive expression of endogenous TGF-?1 of the pericranium aggregated in duramater in the early stage after operation,and the expression level increased rapidly with the differentiation of mesenchymal cells,and reached the peak at 17,19 day postoperation.Positive cell number of TGF-?1 of pericranium was statistically analyzed in both groups at 7,15,21 days,showing significant difference(t-test,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Exogenous rhBMP-2 can induce and enhance the expression of endogenous TGF-?1 during osteogenesis.

AIM: To investigate whether circular RNA(circRNA)circ_0000144 targets microRNA(miRNA)-502-5p to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of human retinoblastoma Y79 cells.

METHODS: Y79 cells were divided into si-NC group(transfected with si-NC), si-circ_0000144 group(transfected with si-circ_0000144), miR-NC group(transfected with miR-NC), miR-502-5p group(transfected with miR-502-5p mimic), pcDNA group(transfected with pcDNA), pcDNA-circ_0000144 group(transfected with pcDNA-circ_0000144), si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-NC group(transfected with si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-NC), si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-502-5p group(transfected with si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-502-5p). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of circ_0000144 and miR-502-5p in retinoblastoma tissues and cells, thiazole blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT)detected cell proliferation, and western blot was employed to determine the expression of nuclear associated antigen Ki67(Ki-67), B cell lymphoma/lewkmia-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax), matrix metalloprotease(MMP)-2, MMP-9 protein. Flow cytometry detected cell apoptosis, and Transwell measured cell migration and invasion. Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase report experiment analyzed whether circ_0000144 targets miR-502-5p.

RESULTS: The expression of circ_0000144 in 31 cases of retinoblastoma tissue was higher than that of adjacent tissues, and the expression of miR-502-5p was lower than that of adjacent tissues(P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the circ_0000144 expression, OD value, expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9 protein, number of migration and invasion cells of the Y79 cells in the si-circ_0000144 group decreased, and the expression of Bax protein and apoptosis rate increased(P<0.05). circ_0000144 targets and negatively regulates the expression of miR-502-5p. Compared with miR-NC group, miR-502-5p group increased cell apoptosis rate and expression of Bax protein of the Y79 cells, while decreased OD value, number of migration and invasion cells, and the expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein(P<0.05). Compared with the si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-NC group, cell apoptosis rate and Bax protein expression of the Y79 cells in the si-circ_0000144+anti-miR-502-5p group decreased, but the OD value, number of migration and invasion cells, the protein expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased.

CONCLUSION: circ_0000144 was highly expressed in retinoblastoma tissue, and inhibiting circ_0000144 can reduce the proliferation, migration and invasion of retinoblastoma Y79 cells, and promote apoptosis through negative regulation of miR-502-5p.

Objective： The current study was designed to clarify whether hepatopoietin (HPO) stimulates autonomous growth of hepatoma cell by autocrine loop. Methods： The authors conducted experiments in vitro with hepatoma cell lines. RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot were used to examine HPO expression in hepatoma cells. Blocking effect of HPO by HPO neutralizing antibody was utilized and the changes of cell proliferation was observed. Results： HPO was expressed by hepatoma cells and secreted into the medium. Moreover, the HPO antibody inhibited specifically the autonomous proliferation of hepatoma cell and antagonized the stimulatory effect of concentrated conditioned medium derived from hepatoma cell HepG2. Conclusion： The results strongly suggest that HPO acts as an autocrine factor to maintain the autonomous growth of hepatoma cells.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanisms of lute-olin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (LGU) against focalcerebral ischemic injury. METHODS The focal cerebral ischemic injury model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group,model group(MCAO),LGU group(0.24,0.72 and 2.16 mg·kg-1)and positive control group(Edaravone at 5 mg·kg-1).LGU was injected intravenously 30 min after MCAO.Neurological severity score,infarct volume and brain water content were detected 24 h after MCAO and the levels of Na+-K+ATPase,Ca2+ATPase,TNF-α and IL-1β were detected to explore the possible mechanisms.For the therapeutic time window test,LGU(0.72 mg·kg-1)was injected intrave-nously 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h respectively after MCAO. To evaluate motion behavior, LGU were injected intravenously 30 min after MCAO and once per day during detection period. The changes of motor coordination were detected by rotating rod method and grip strength analysis, and the changes of gaits were detected using DigiGait Imaging System. RESULTS LGU improved the neurological severity score, infarct volume ratio and brain water content. The therapeutic time window of LGU for cerebral infarction and brain edema was at least 6 h and for neurological dysfunction was 12 h.LGU also prolonged the latency on rotarod, increased the forelimb tension and improved 8 gait parameters, including stance duration,stride length,stance width,paw area,paw area variability,gait symmetry,ataxia coefficient and tau propulsion.Furthermore,LGU increased Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase levels in the cortex and hippocampus in the ischemic side,reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum. CONCLUSION LGU has a significant neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemic injury via improving energy metabolism and reducing inflammation.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of clostridium difficile toxin A (Tcd A) on proliferation of K562 cells and its mechanism. The proliferative activity of K562 cells exposed to Tcd A was tested by MTT assay; cell cycle distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed by flow cytometry; the protein expression of cytochrome C and DNA fragmentation were observed by immunohistochemistry staining and agarose gel electrophoresis respectively. The results indicated that Tcd A inhibited proliferation of K562 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. Cells were arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase. Peak of apoptosis appeared. The protein expression of cytochrome C increased as compared with control group (p < 0.05). Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from K562 treated with Tcd A revealed a "ladder" pattern. It is concluded that clostridium difficile toxin A can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of K562 cells. The mechanism may be in relation to decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria matrix.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bacterial Toxins ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Enterotoxins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of 3'-azido-2', 3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT)on the proliferation and telomerase activity of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a. The effect of proliferation was detected by MTT assay after the KG-1a cell were stimulated for 24, 48 and 72 h with different concentrations of AZT; telomerase activity was detected with TRAP-PCR-ELISA assay; RT-PCR was used to detect telomerase hTERT mRNA expression. The results showed that the proliferation of KG-1a cells was inhibited in a time and concentration dependent manner after exposure to AZT for 24, 48 and 72 h; the KG-1a cells decreased in S phase and increased in G(2)/M phase with the increasing of the concentration of AZT; telomerase activity and hTERT-mRNA expression in the experimental groups decreased after treated with AZT, which was positively correlated with concentration of AZT. It is concluded that AZT inhibits KG-1a cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, which maybe related with its decreasing the telomerase activity and hTERT mRNA expression.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Telomerase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Zidovudine ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to understand the molecular epidemiology of integron-associated gene cassettes in Acinetobacter baumannii across four hospitals in northern Taiwan and to clarify the relationship between the presence of integrons and antibiotic-resistant phenotypes. METHODS: Sixty-five A. baumannii isolates, collected from the patients of four regional hospitals in northern Taiwan in 2009, were tested for the presence of integrons and their associated gene cassettes. The susceptibility difference between integron-positive and integron-negative A. baumannii strains was analyzed. Antibiotic-resistant phenotypes among A. baumannii with different types of gene cassette array combinations were also compared. RESULTS: Around 72% of the A. baumannii isolates carried class 1 integrase genes. Despite this, only three gene cassette arrays were found in the integrons. Integron-positive strains were significantly more resistant to all the tested antibiotics than the integrase-negative strains. All the four types of A. baumannii with different gene cassette array combinations were multidrug-resistant in nature. Gene cassette array aacA4-catB8-aadA1 existed in all the integron-positive A. baumannii isolates. Repetitive-sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) results revealed the prevalence of one major cluster of imipenem-resistant A. baumannii strains (84%) in the four regional hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of integrons with associated antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes can be used as a representative marker of multidrug resistance in A. baumannii. Some prevalent gene cassette arrays may exist among epidemiologically unrelated A. baumannii strains.
Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Imipenem/pharmacology ; Integrases/genetics ; Integrons/*genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Taiwan/epidemiology