OBJECTIVE:To provide a reference for further strengthening the supervision and administration of the management and use of Papaver somniferum. METHODS:The general information,clinical application and toxic reactions of P. somniferum were briefly described by reference to relevant literatures and on the basis of the actual work. According to current laws and regula-tions,the existing problems about the clinical application and management of P. somniferum were revealed,and relevant counter-measures and suggestions were put forward. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Both toxic and addictive,P. somniferum is the only tra-ditional Chinese herbal medicine covered by narcotic drug management. It is mainly used in clinical practice to relieve cough,diar-rhea and pain,etc. Although relevant laws and regulations have provided the specific requirements for the production,purchase, use and research & development of P. somniferum,slack enforcement of the laws and regulations,irrational use and abuse still ex-ist. It is suggested that State Food and Drug Administration and health administrative departments should constantly improve rele-vant law and regulation system and detailed regulations,strengthen supervision and administration,and strictly enforce relevant laws and regulations at the units engaged in the production,management and use of P. somniferum. Meanwhile,competent authori-ties should strengthen publicity and training.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small single-stranded noncoding RNAs which are involved in regulating many physiological and pathological processes.The rapid detection of miRNA is of great importance for the function of miRNAs.In comparison with traditional methods,the biosensor has the advantages of simple operation,rapidness,high sensitivity,and real-time detection.Thus,biosensors have been implemented for a number of applications in miRNA detection.

A biosensor is made from a biological sensing element attached to a signal transducer.Biosensors have many outstanding virtues such as portable,simplicity of operator and lowconsumption.Also,biosensors could provide fast,real-time and accurate results.Therefore,biosensors have been implemented for a number of applications in molecular diagnostics.We have summarized the recent progress in the research and application of biosensors in the field of molecular diagnostics for pathogenic micro-organism,drug testing and genetics.

Tuberculosis a disease with the highest death rate by single pathogenic infection can cause serious harm to human health .MicroRNA ( miRNA ) is a classical single-stranded, short RNA molecules ( about 21 to 25 nucleotides ) that plays an important role in cell proliferation , differentiation , senescence and apoptosis by inhibiting the post-transcriptional gene expression or promoting degradation of target gene mRNA . Recent studies have shown that miRNA involved in the regulation of apoptosis , expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines , inflammation-related signaling pathways in tuberculosis infection . Meanwhile, miRNA may be a new biomarker for tuberculosis diagnosis.

Molecular transport controls the efficiency of complex biological network systems such as cellular signaling system and cascade biomedical reaction. However, device fabrication for molecular sensing is often restricted by a low transport effciency and complicated processing. Here, we report a molecular threading dependent transport system using three-dimensional (3D) paper origami enabling the directional transport of biomolecules. We demonstrate that framework nucleic acid based interface engineering allows orthogonal molecular recognition and enzymatic reaction with programmed order on site. We thus develop a single-step electrochemical DNA sensor for quantitative analysis with 1 picomolar sensitivity within 60 min. Our sensor can discriminate a mismatched target at the level of a single base mismatch. Our study shows a great potential toward the development of a biomimetic molecular transport system for point-of-care and precision diagnosis.

Before and after artificial immunotherapy (desensitization) for midge dermatitis, the authors determined immunologic status of some patients.It was found that their functions of cell-mediated immunity were lowered, manifesting as decreased number of Ts lymphocytes, raised circulating IgG level, decreased total hemolytic complement, and significantly increased immune complex positive rate.At the end of therapy, the number of Ts lymphocytes and total hemolytic complement rose. The authors consider that the lowered function of cell mediated immunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of midge dermatitis.In addition to type Ⅰ and Ⅳ hypersensitivity, type Ⅲ hypersensitivity may also be present because of the increased immune complex positive rate.

Objective To analyze the lipid levels in liver damage.Methods 82 patients with liver damage were divided into the study group(41 patients)and control group(41 patients),the control group patients were given treatment of atorvastatin,while the study group patients were given treatment of Zhibitai,the lipid metabolism of the two groups were compared.Results In the study group,levels of TC (5.16 ±0.8)mmol/L,TG(1.90 ±0.08)mmol/L,LDL(2.03 ±0.11)mmol/L were significantly lower than before treatment TC(5.82 ±1.26)mmol/L (t =4.38, P <0.05),TG(2.16 ±0.85)mmol/L (t =6.37,P <0.05),LDL(3.67 ±0.09)mmol/L (t =6.42).The HDL level (1.39 ±0.26)mmol/L was significantly increased (0.86 ±0.21)mmol/L (t =7.52,P <0.05)after 4 weeks treat-ment(P <0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the study group (7.3%)was significantly lower than the control group (17.1%)(P <0.05).Conclusion Zhibitai is safe and effective with use value in the treatment of liver dys-function.

Objective To observe the effect of actovegin on diabetic peripheral neurapathy (DPN).Methods 76 patients with DPN were divided into treatment and control groups at random.Two groups were treated routinely with general treatment on DM and the treatment group was added routine dose of actovegin while the control group were treated with Methycobal.After 8 weeks,the effective rate,MCV and SCV were determined.Results The general effective rate and MCV and SCV in treatment group were higher markedly than control group.Conclusion Actovegin can improve DPN effectively.

In the paper, 32 lots of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)were tested by an animal model,the hypotensive test of rats. A linear correlation was found between prekallikrein activator (PKA)activity and hypotensive reaction if the inflow of human IVIG was made rapid (r=0.96,n=23). The preliminary observations indicated that it would be satisfactory that the PKA activity was below 35IU/ ml and the size of reduction in blood pressure was not 15% higher than that of control animal's level.The rat model can provide a method for safe usage of the intravenous immunoglobulin and reliable detection of and control over the residual PKA activity in blood products.

Lacking of objective referential data resources,current domestic psychotherapeutic practice is mainly based on verbal communications and associated subjective means,which elucidates the limitations to its effectiveness including discrepancies between individual patients and low repeatability.With modern technological advancement,psychotherapeutic devices have been invented to change this situation.This paper gives review of the development in this field,and proposes a practical categorization method.Besides,further development of this area is prospected.