Objective To investigate the relationship between the polymorphisms of both aldose reductase (AR) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in chromosome 7q35 and the susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes of Han nationality in North China. Methods The C(-106)T in the promoter region of AR gene as well as the G894T in exon 7 and the 27 bp repeat polymorphism in intron 4 of the eNOS gene were investigated in 85 healthy controls and 134 type 2 diabetics with or without DN. The C(-106)T as well as the G894T genotype were determined by PCR RFLP method and sequencing the PCR products. The 27 bp repeat polymorphism alleles were determined by PCR combined with agarose gel electrophoresis and sequencing the PCR products. Results The frequencies of the C allele and C/C genotype in AR gene as well as T allele and T/G genotype in exon 7 and the 4a allele and 4a/4b genotype in intron 4 of eNOS gene were significantly higher in DN+ group than those in DN-group (all P

Objective To evaluate the clinical feasibility of localization CT enhanced image replacing plain CT scan image for target delineation and dose calculation.Methods Forty cases of NPC were collected and divided into two groups with different concentrations of contrast agents.The contours of planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) of each case were delineated in the plain scan image,and the contours of PTV and OARs were copied to the enhanced image.Two plans based on the plain scan image and the enhanced image were designed in the planning system of Eclipse.The dose distribution and OARs and MU were compared between the groups.Results No statistical differences were found in the dosimetry of PTV,OARs and MU (P＞0.05).Conclusion The image intensifier has little effect on the dose calculation of Eclipse for NPC.In the radiotherapy for NPC,the localization CT enhanced image can be used to replace the plain CT scan image for target delineation and dose calculation.

In order to affirm the cardioactive components in Fuzi, we identified a group of aminoalcohol- diterpenoid alkaloids in Fuzi using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UPLC-ESI-MS) method. Among a total of forty-one isolated ingredients, thirteen major aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids were identified by comparing their retention times and MS spectra with those of the reference substances. Moreover, Fuzi samples from different places of origin and with different processing methods were examined and their components displayed a pattern of high similarity, though the relative abundance varies probably due to their different processing methods. Furthermore, the cardiac effect of each identified alkaloid was individually evaluated using the isolated bullfrog heart perfusion experiment. Among the thirteen aminoalcohol diterpenoid alkaloids tested, six of them significantly enhanced the amplitude rates. Taken together, we affirm that the cardioactive components in Fuzi are aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids, shedding light on future studies of the mechanisms and development of these cardioactive compounds.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Amino Alcohols ; chemistry ; Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Heart ; drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Rana catesbeiana ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective:Glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK) is clinically used for reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction(MI). It is known that ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) are the three major determinants for predicting the mortality after acute MI. The present work was designed to study the effects of GIK on BRS, ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular function in rats with coronary artery ligature. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and the myocardial infarction was produced by ligature of the left anterior descending artery. Five weeks after coronary artery ligation, BRS was measured in conscious state with a computerized blood pressure monitoring system and left ventricular function and electrocardiogram were determined in the anaesthetized state in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. It was found that GIK did not affect the blood pressure and heart period in both conscious and anaesthetized rats. GIK did not enhance BRS, but reduced ventricular arrhythmia and improved left ventricular function by reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure in anaesthetized rats with MI. It is proposed that reducing ventricular arrhythmia and improving left ventricular function contribute to the effect of GIK on reducing the mortality after MI.

Objective:Glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK) is clinically used for reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction(MI). It is known that ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) are the three major determinants for predicting the mortality after acute MI. The present work was designed to study the effects of GIK on BRS, ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular function in rats with coronary artery ligature. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and the myocardial infarction was produced by ligature of the left anterior descending artery. Five weeks after coronary artery ligation, BRS was measured in conscious state with a computerized blood pressure monitoring system and left ventricular function and electrocardiogram were determined in the anaesthetized state in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. It was found that GIK did not affect the blood pressure and heart period in both conscious and anaesthetized rats. GIK did not enhance BRS, but reduced ventricular arrhythmia and improved left ventricular function by reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure in anaesthetized rats with MI. It is proposed that reducing ventricular arrhythmia and improving left ventricular function contribute to the effect of GIK on reducing the mortality after MI.

The paper introduces domestic and overseas current situation of ontology knowledge base,expounds on the buiding method,instrument and specific realization of ontology knowledge base of maternal intelligent interrogation,poins out that the knowledge base is able to provide pregnant women and puerperants with customized diagnosis and treatment service and thus further promotes the application of "Internet + Medical" in the field of maternal and child healthcare.

OBJECTIVETo investigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute cerebral inflammatory damage and the therapeutic effect of ginkgolide B (BN52021).

METHODSThirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 for each group): Control group, Model group and Treatment group (treated with BN52021). LPS were injected into the fourth ventricle of rat to make a neuroinflammatory murine model. Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory ability of rats; changes of synapse number and subcellular ultrastructures were observed under a transmission electron microscope; OX-42 positive microglia in the brain was detected by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe average escape latency in the Treatment group were significantly shortened than that in the Model group; and the percentage of swimming distance traveled in platform quadrant accounting for total distance increased markedly. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosomes in the Treatment group were more than that in the Model group, but the number of synapses seemed to have no obvious change. The number of OX-42 positive microglia in the Treatment group decreased markedly than that in the Model group, and the grey density of OX-42-positive cells increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONLPS can induce inflammatory damages to the brain, but the damage could be antagonized by BN52021. Platelet activating factor receptor antagonist may offer an effective therapy for neurodegeneration diseases.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Ginkgolides ; therapeutic use ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Lactones ; therapeutic use ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Microglia ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Neurons ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Platelet Activating Factor ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To investigate the distribution and changes of microorganisms on the skin of submariners under a chronically closed environment , and provide reference for targeted medical support .Methods One hundred and twenty-two samples were collected using swab.After culture and isolation, the microbes were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF-MS) .Results A total of 52 types of 229 bacteria and 2 types of fungi were isolated . Major opportunistic pathogens included Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae, while major dwelling bacteria included Micrococcus luteus, Oslo Mora bacteria, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Serratia marcescens.Compared with the early period of the task, major opportunistic pathogens and dwelling bacteria were significantly increased in the middle and late period of the task .Conclusion The skin microbes of the submariners are investigated , targeted drugs need to be prepared for daily medical support and war trauma .

Objective To explore the clinical effect of arthroscopic repair without traction for non-osseous Bankart injury.Methods From January 2009 to January 2015,the clinical data of 182 cases underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were aged from 18 to 39 years old,mean age was(26.5 ± 9.3) years.The course of disease was from 1 to 10 years,mean duration was(3.2 ±2.6) years.Recurrent dislocation was 6 to 62 times,with average of (24.2 ± 17.3) times.All cases were performed arthroscopic repair without traction.Rowes scores and UCLA scores were used for evaluation.Results All of 182 cases were followed up from 6 to 18 months,an average of (12.5 ± 6.7) months.Of the 182 patients,12 cases with postoperative limited 20°external rotation could not attend confrontational training and the other 170 cases had no adverse effect.The average loss of shoulder joint extorsion activity angle were (10.5 ± 4.1) °.Postoperative UCLA score (89 ± 3.5) was more than preoperative (25 ± 6.2),the differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative Rowes score (28.7 ± 2.2) were more than preoperative (7.3 ± 1.6),the differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Curative effect of arthroscopic repair without traction for non-osseous Bankart injury caused by training is satifactory,which can provide brachial plexus,blood vessel and other tissues during surgery from traction,and be helpful to the popularization and application in basic-level hospitals.

ObjectiveTo observe the thyroid status of pregnant women during the 1st and 2nd trimester of gestation,and its role in brain and neural development of their offspring's.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2009,pregnant women from nine townships of two counties in Wushi and Baicheng in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang were selected as research subjects according to the survey standard.After informed consent signed,their urinary iodine,serum thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) and free thyroxin(FT4) were analyzed.The value of thyroid hormone of normal pregnant women was used in diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia in pregnant women.From 2010 to 2011, The brain and neural development status among offspring born by those pregnant women were evaluated with DDST.In accordance with the results of Denver Development Screen Test (DDST) screening,pregnant women were classified into survey and control groups,and the survey group was the suspicious and abnormal of the result of DDST screening(delay),the control group was normal of the result.According to gestational age,pregnant women were divided into 4 gestation groups:G1(6 to 13 weeks),G2(14 to 18 weeks),G3 ( 19 to 23 weeks) and G4(24 to 28 weeks).ResultsA total of 396 cases of pregnant women during the 1st and 2nd trimester of gestation were investigated(survey group 102 cases,control group 294 cases).The median value of urinary iodine concentration among pregnant women in survey group was 152.4 μg/L The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia among pregnant women was 10.78％(11/102) and 3.93％(4/102),respectively.In control group,the median value of urinary iodine concentration was 180.0 μg/L The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia among pregnant women was 7.48％ (22/294) and 4.42％ (13/294),respectively.During the pregnant period from G1 to G3,the median serum TSH of pregnant women in DDST survey group (2.24,3.49,2.85 mU/L) was higher than that of DDST control group( 1.59,2.70,2.28 mU/L).Especially,the difference of TSH between the two groups during the period of G3 was statistically significant (t =4.906,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsHypothyroidism tendency of pregnant women during the period from gestation week 19th to 23rd may be an important factor in the development of brain abnormalities of their offsprings.