In this study, ITS2 barcode was used to identify Bupleurum chinense and B. longiradiatum. The ITS2 regions of 48 samples were amplified and sequenced. The sequences obtained above were aligned and the K2P distances were calculated. We used three methods, BLAST1, nearest distance and phylogenetic tree (NJ-tree), to test the identification ability. The results showed that the maximum intraspecific genetic distance of B. chinense was 0.013, and the minimum interspecific genetic distance between B. chinense and B. longiradiatum was 0.049. The NJ-tree can easily identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum. Therefore, the ITS2 barcode is suitable to identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum.
Bupleurum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo sum up the clinical experience in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the prostate weighing over 80 ml by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) combined with 2 μm continuous-wave laser vaporesection (LVR).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of TURP combined with 2 μm LVR in the treatment of 46 cases of BPH with the prostate volume > 80 ml.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully accomplished. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were (112.0 ± 20.0) min (range 86-176 min) and (77.9 ± 25.9) ml (range 50-200 ml), respectively. The catheters were withdrawn at 7 days after surgery. Transient urinary incontinence occurred in 6 cases and secondary hemorrhage was found in 2 postoperatively. Six-month follow-up revealed no urethral stricture or other complications. Compared with the baseline, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was significantly decreased at 6 months after operation (26.3 ± 1.8 vs 11.6 ± 1.7, P <0.05), and so were the quality of life (QOL) score (5.3 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 1.1, P <0.05) and post-void residual urine (PVR) ([115.5 ± 55.6] ml vs [19.9 ± 11.6] ml, P <0.05). However, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was remarkably increased from (4.1 ± 2.6) ml/s to (16.2 ± 1.7) ml/s (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONTURP combined with 2 μm LVR is safe and effective for the treatment of BPH with the prostate volume >80 ml.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology ; Urinary Retention

To study the anti-tumor metastatic constituents in Rhodiola wallichiana (HK) S H Fu var Cholaensis (Praeg) S H Fu, chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography (silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C and preparative HPLC). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis. The anti-tumor metastasis assay was applied to evaluate the activities of the isolated compounds. Ten compounds (1-10) were isolated and their structures were identified by comparison of their spectral data with literature as follows: syringic acid (1), salidroside (2), tyrosol (3), scaphopetalone (4), berchemol (5), 2,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (6), rhobupcyanoside A (7), miyaginin (8), chavicol-4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), eugenyol-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). Compounds 4-6 and 8-10, were isolated from this genus for the first time, while compound 7 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2, 6-8 showed positive anti-tumor metastatic activities, and compounds 2 and 8 showed significant anti-tumor metastatic activities.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; prevention & control ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Blood ; drug effects ; Blood Cell Count ; Male ; Mice ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of (18)F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary tumor in patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin.

METHODSSixty-seven patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin after extensive conventional diagnostic work-up were enrolled into this study. (18)F-FDG PET-CT scans were performed at approximately 60 minutes after the intravenous injection of 7.4 MBq (18)F-FDG/kg, then delayed imaging scans was done at approximately 180 minutes for detecting the primary focus. The standardized uptake value (SUV) >or= 2.5 on standard PET/CT imaging was considered as positive. Ten percent increase of retention index (RI) was also regarded as positive. The correlation between (18)F-FDG PET-CT results and histopathological and clinical findings were analyzed, and the SUV of detected primary focus and that of metastatic cancers were compared.

RESULTSOf the 67 patients, the primary tumors were identified in 39 (53.7%) by (18)F-FDG PET-CT, and 36 of them were confirmed by pathology or follow-up. Thirteen distant metastases and seventeen lymphatic metastases were newly discovered by whole body (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging. The SUV of metastatic tumors was significantly lower than that of primary tumors (t = 3.470,P = 0.001) and closely correlated with that of the primary tumors (r = 0.738, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSION(18)F-FDG PET-CT is not only valuable in identifying the unknown primary tumor in patients with metastatic carcinoma, but can also be used to reveal the biological characteristics of the tumors by functional imaging.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ; diagnostic imaging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of hepatic resection combined with radiofrequency ablation versus hepatic resection (HR) alone for the treatment of multifocal hepatoeellular carcinomas (HCC).A literature search was conducted from the database including MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and China Biology Medicine (CBM) disc.The primary outcomes included the 1-,3-,5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rate.The secondary outcomes contained the intraoperative parameters and postoperative adverse events (AEs).These parameters were all analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software.After carefully screening relevant studies,four retrospective studies of high quality involving 466 patients (197 in the combined group and 269 in the HR group) were included in this study.The pooled results showed that the 1-,3-,5-year OS rate in the combined group were comparable with those in the HR group (OR=0.77,0.96,0.88;P=0.33,0.88,0.70,respectively).Similarly,there was no significant difference in 1-,3-,5-year DFS rate between the combined group and the HR alone group (OR=0.57,0.83,0.72;P=0.17,0.37,0.32,respectively).And the intraoperative parameters and postoperative AEs were also comparable between the above two cohorts.However,two included studies reported that tumor often recurred in the ablation site in the combined group.The present meta-analysis indicated that the HR combined with RFA could reach a long-term survival outcome similar to curative HR for multifocal HCC patients.And this therapy may be a promising alternative for these patients with marginal liver function or complicated tumor distribution.Furthermore,high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are imperative to verify this conclusion.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary tumor in patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin. Methods Sixty-seven patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin after extensive conventional diagnostic work-up were enrolled into this study, 18F-FDG PET-CT scans were performed at approximately 60 minutes after the intravenous injection of 7.4 MBq 18F-FDG/kg, then delayed imaging scans was done at approximately 180 minutes for detecting the primary focus. The standardized uptake value (SUV)≥2.5 on standard PET/CT imaging was considered as positive. Ten percent increase of retention index (RI) was also regarded as positive. The correlation between 18F-FDG PET-CT results and histopathological and clinical findings were analyzed, and the SUV of detected primary focus and that of metastatic cancers were compared. Results Of the 67 patients, the primary tumors were identified in 39 (53.7%) by 18F-FDG PET-CT, and 36 of them were confirmed by pathology or follow-up. Thirteen distant metastases and seventeen lymphatic metastases were newly discovered by whole body 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging. The SUV of metastatic tumors was significantly lower than that of primary tumors (t=3.470, P=0.001) and closely correlated with that of the primary tumors (r=0.738, P=0.000). Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT is not only valuable in identifying the unknown primary tumor in patients with metastatic carcinoma, but can also be used to reveal the biological characteristics of the tumors by functional imaging.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary tumor in patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin. Methods Sixty-seven patients with metastatic cancers of unknown primary origin after extensive conventional diagnostic work-up were enrolled into this study, 18F-FDG PET-CT scans were performed at approximately 60 minutes after the intravenous injection of 7.4 MBq 18F-FDG/kg, then delayed imaging scans was done at approximately 180 minutes for detecting the primary focus. The standardized uptake value (SUV)≥2.5 on standard PET/CT imaging was considered as positive. Ten percent increase of retention index (RI) was also regarded as positive. The correlation between 18F-FDG PET-CT results and histopathological and clinical findings were analyzed, and the SUV of detected primary focus and that of metastatic cancers were compared. Results Of the 67 patients, the primary tumors were identified in 39 (53.7%) by 18F-FDG PET-CT, and 36 of them were confirmed by pathology or follow-up. Thirteen distant metastases and seventeen lymphatic metastases were newly discovered by whole body 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging. The SUV of metastatic tumors was significantly lower than that of primary tumors (t=3.470, P=0.001) and closely correlated with that of the primary tumors (r=0.738, P=0.000). Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT is not only valuable in identifying the unknown primary tumor in patients with metastatic carcinoma, but can also be used to reveal the biological characteristics of the tumors by functional imaging.

OBJECTIVETo analysis the risk factors predicting intracardial thrombus after prosthetic valve replacement.

METHODSThe clinical data of 29 cases from January 2005 to April 2009 with intracardial thrombus after prosthetic valve replacement during a 1-year follow-up was retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 male and 18 female, aged from 12 to 70 years with a mean of 48 years. The risk factors of intracardial thrombus were examined by univariate and multivariate analysis.

RESULTSUnivariate analysis found that bioprosthetic valve replacement, anticoagulation using aspirin, valve replacement at mitral position, atrial fibrillation, preoperative and postoperative internal diameter of left atrium, postoperative fibrinogen were predict factors of intracardial thrombus after prosthetic valve replacement (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed valve replacement at mitral position (OR = 9.815, P < 0.05), atrial fibrillation (OR = 5.267, P < 0.05), preoperative internal diameter of left atrium (OR = 4.529, P < 0.05) were significant risk factors of intracardial thrombus after prosthetic valve replacement.

CONCLUSIONSValve replacement at mitral position, atrial fibrillation, and preoperative internal diameter of left atrium are the correlated risk factors of intracardial thrombus after prosthetic valve replacement. Anticoagulation after prosthetic valve (especially bioprosthetic valve) replacement should be standardized to prevent intracardial thrombus formation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Diseases ; etiology ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis ; etiology ; Young Adult

Objective To test the hypothesis that p53 gene therapy combined with endostatin can enhance tumor response to radiation therapy of RM-1 mouse xenograft prostate cancer and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A mouse prostate cancer model was established. Then mice with xenograft tumor were randomly divided into group A (control), B (radiation), C (radiation and rAdp53), D (radiation and rh-endostatin) and E (radiation and rAdp53 and rh-endostatin). On day 1, rAdp53 was injected intra-tumorously with 1 × 1010 vp per animal to group C and E. From day 1 to 14, rh-endostatin was given 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily to group D and E. On day 4 single fraction of 15 Gy was given to tumors in groups B, C, D and E. Normal saline was injected intra-tumorously or intraperitoneaUy accordingly as control. No treatment was done to group A. Tumor volume was measured daily. Samples were collected on Days 5, 10 and 15. Ki67, CD31, p53 and VEGF were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Radiation alone, radiation combined with intra-tumorous injection of Adp53 and/or intraperitoneal injection of rh-endostatin resulted in tumor growth arrest of RM-1 cells in vivo (P = 0.000). Radiation combined with both rAdp53 and rh-endostatin was the most effective treatment (P < 0.05). (2) All the four treatment groups had a decreased expression of mutant type P53 (P = 0.000). The expression of Ki67 in groups B and C were equal (P 0.05) and increasing (P = 0.000), respectively. Group D had a up-down-up curve (P < 0.05), but group E had a up-down one. On day 5 the expresion of VEGF in group E was the lowest (P < 0.05). An increased expression of MVD compared with the control was shown, and MVD in groups C, D and E were always higher than that in the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions The limitation of radiotherapy could be overcome by combination with beth p53 gene therapy and endostatin on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cell. Radiation, rAdp53 and endostatin have their own role but they can be interacted with each other.