In this study, the processes of pollination ecology of Fritillaria delavayi were investigated to document its reproductive characteristics. Some individuals of F. delavayi could produce seeds under bagging without emasculation (11%), but the rate was significantly lower than that of the natural control (87%). It is suggesting that pollination of F. delavayi largely depends on pollen vectors. Bombus sushikini was the only effective pollinator of F. delavayi and the visitation frequency was 0.003 time xXflower(-1) x min(-1). Flowering of F. delavayi in whole population lasted for 35 d and single flower for 11 d. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity lasted for 9 d and were relatively long compared with other Fritillaria genus plants. Consequently, bumblebee pollination and long floral longevity seem to be important for reproductive assurance of F. delavayi in harsh alpine environments.
Animals ; Bees ; physiology ; Fritillaria ; physiology ; Pollen ; physiology ; Pollination

A novel Aspergillus terreus strain M11 was isolated from the compost containing cellulose and identified. The isolate grow best at 45℃ and pH2.0. It was found that the activity of the CMCase was up to 3.680IU/mL with high heat stability and the optimal reaction conditions of the CMCase were at 60℃ and pH2.0.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on controlling of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis(referred to as endemic fluorosis) in Guizhou,and to provide a scientific basis for development of control strategies.Methods A total of 37 counties were selected in Guizhou province,and 3 townships were chosen in each project county.Heath educational activities were carried out in the classes of grade 5 in the Central Primary School of each selected township.In the meantime,3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health education for women of child-bearing age in the community was carried out.Survey on knowledge questionnaire of endemic fluorosis control was conducted among 30 students of grade 5 in the Central Primary School and 15 women of childbearing age of each selected township before and after the health educational activities.Results The knowing rate of endemic fluorosis control of pupils in all the 37 counties increased from 45.03％(14637/32505) to 89.79％(52898/58910),of women of child-bearing age increased from 38.97％ (5729/14700) to 76.55％(19198/25080) after the health education.ConclusionsThe knowing rate of endemic fluorosis control among pupils and women of child-bearing age is remarkably increased after implementing the health education projects.They have better life and health habits,and the project has reached desired goal.

Nowadays, nanotechnologies have shown wide application foreground in the biomedical field of medicine laboratory tests, drug delivery, gene therapy and bioremediation. However, in recent years, nanomaterials have been labeled poisonous, because of the disputes and misunderstandings of mainstream views on their safety. Besides, for the barriers of technical issues in preparation like: (1) low efficacy (poor PK & PD and low drug loading), (2) high cost (irreproducibility and difficulty in scale up), little of that research has been successfully translated into commercial products. Currently, along with the new theory of "physical damage is the origin of nanotoxicity", biodegradability and biocompatibility of nanomaterials are listed as the basic principle of safe application of nanomaterials. Combining scientific design based on molecular level with precision control of process engineering will provide a new strategy to overcome the core technical challenges. New turning point of translational medicine in nanotechnology may emerge.
Biocompatible Materials ; Nanostructures ; toxicity ; Nanotechnology ; Translational Medical Research

OBJECTIVETo study the biocompatibility of Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn (TNZS) ahoy treated with micro-arc oxidation (MAO).

METHODSThe tibia bones of New Zealand rabbits were used to build the animal model. TNZS and MAO-TNZS samples were implanted into one side of tibia, pure titanium samples were implanted into the other side as control. After 4 and 26 weeks, radiographs and HE staining technique was used to observe the dynamic remodeling process of bone-implant interface.

RESULTSAs the cure time increased, it was showed well biocompatibility of all implants. X-ray indicated that there was no permeable area produced around the three different materials at each time point. The density of bone matrix and arrangement of bone trabecula was almost the same as in the host bone. It was revealed by histological examination that the MAO-TNZS greatly prompted the bonding ability between implant and surrounding hard tissues. Four weeks after implantation, fine attachment was found at the bone-implant interface of all the implants and the fibrous tissue at the interface was gradually remodeled to form new bone. Twenty-six weeks later, MAO-TNZS showed that a biological fixation was created between bone and oxidation layer, while a layer of fibers formed between non-coated TNZS and titanium implants surrounding bone.

CONCLUSIONThe Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn after treated with micro-arc oxidation shows good biocompatibility and can stimulate the bone growth in the bone-implant region, which provides support for clinical usage tests of TNZS alloy as implant after treated with micro-arc oxidation.

Alloys ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rabbits ; Surface Properties ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo research adipogenic effect of human adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSC) obtained from fluid portion of liposuction aspirates in nude mouse.

METHODSADSC were isolated from the fluid portion of human liposuction aspirates and cultured. The cells were incubated in either a adipogenic or an osteogenic medium or a chondrogenic medium for 2-4 weeks to induce adipogenesis or osteogenesis or chondrogenesis, respectively. Adipogenesis was examined in nude mice imbedded subcutaneously with collagen sponge (group 1), or collagen sponge seeded with ADSC (group 2), or collagen sponge seeded with adipogenic differentiated ADSC (group 3). Histologic examination, HE and oil red O staining were used to assess the newly formed tissue.

RESULTSA large number of ADSC were obtained from the fluid portion of human liposuction aspirates. The ADSC were differentiated into adipose tissue, bone and cartilage. 8 weeks after implantation, the collagen sponge was fully absorbed in group 1. Newly formed adipose tissue was observed in groups 2 and 3, but much more in group 3.

CONCLUSIONSThe ADSC from the fluid portion of human liposuction aspirates can be cultured with collagen framework to form adipose tissue in vivo. It indicates that ADSC can be used as seed cells in adipose tissue engineering.

Adipogenesis ; Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

This study is to analyze microcosmic significance of Chinese medicine composing principle "principal, assistant, complement and mediating guide" and it's fuzzy mathematic quantitative law. According to molecular biology and maximal membership principle, fuzzy subset and membership functions were proposed. Using in vivo experiment on the effects of SiWu Decoction and its ingredients on mice with radiation-induced blood deficiency, it is concluded that DiHuang and DangGui belonged to the principal and assistant subset, BaiShao belonged to the contrary complement subset, ChuanXiong belonged to the mediating guide subset by maximal membership principle. It is discussed that traditional Chinese medicine will be consummate medical science when its theory can be described by mathematic language.
Animals ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; drug effects ; Fuzzy Logic ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells ; drug effects ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; Mathematics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; methods ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental ; blood

Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Sports ; Stress, Psychological ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo sum up the clinical experience in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the prostate weighing over 80 ml by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) combined with 2 μm continuous-wave laser vaporesection (LVR).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of TURP combined with 2 μm LVR in the treatment of 46 cases of BPH with the prostate volume > 80 ml.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully accomplished. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were (112.0 ± 20.0) min (range 86-176 min) and (77.9 ± 25.9) ml (range 50-200 ml), respectively. The catheters were withdrawn at 7 days after surgery. Transient urinary incontinence occurred in 6 cases and secondary hemorrhage was found in 2 postoperatively. Six-month follow-up revealed no urethral stricture or other complications. Compared with the baseline, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was significantly decreased at 6 months after operation (26.3 ± 1.8 vs 11.6 ± 1.7, P <0.05), and so were the quality of life (QOL) score (5.3 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 1.1, P <0.05) and post-void residual urine (PVR) ([115.5 ± 55.6] ml vs [19.9 ± 11.6] ml, P <0.05). However, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was remarkably increased from (4.1 ± 2.6) ml/s to (16.2 ± 1.7) ml/s (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONTURP combined with 2 μm LVR is safe and effective for the treatment of BPH with the prostate volume >80 ml.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology ; Urinary Retention

Objective To investigate the application of wall shear stress (WSS) in the carotid sinus of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients,and analyze the spatial distribution of WSS with contrast enhanced flow field (CEFF) quantita tive visualization analysis software.Methods Totally 47 T2DM patients and 25 healthy subjects were investigated.According to the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery (CCA),the T2DM patients were divided into IMT normal group (n=21) and IMT thickening group (n=26).WSS in the carotid sinus was calculated by CEFF analysis soft ware,the corresponding spatial distribution maps of WSS were designed.WSS of the posterior wall of internal carotid artery (ICA) was recorded and statistical analysis.Results Both in the carotid sinus of healthy subjects and T2DM patients,there were two low WSS regions and one high WSS region.There were a large region of low WSS at the posterior wall of CCA and ICA,a small region of low WSS at the anterior wall of CCA,and a high WSS region at the anterior wall of ICA.The WSS at the posterior wall of ICA both in the IMT normal group [(3.39 ± 0.60)dynes/cm2] and IMT thickening group [(2.58±0.46)dynes/cm2] were significantly lower than that in control group ([3.74±0.53]dynes/cm2,both P＜0.05).WSS in IMT thickening group was lower than that in IMT normal group (P＜0.05).Conclusion CEFF quantitative visu alization analysis might constitute an approach to assess the presence of early-stage arteriosclerosis by measuring the WSS in the carotid sinus.