By studying the varieties of peony and analyzing the prescription of Huangqin decoction, the authors explored the differences between Paeoniae Radix Alba and Radix Paeoniae Rubra in varieties, origin, processing method and clinical efficacy and compare their efficacies to define Paeoniae Radix Alba or Paeoniae Radix Rubra in Huangqin decoction recorded in Treatise on Febrile Diseases. In the study, the authors clarified the development and change of the variety in various historical periods according to the earliest ancient herbal book recording the variety and the development sequence of main herbs, and made clear the relations between Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra. The modern application of Paeoniae Radix Alba started in the Song Dynasty. Although it was processed in different ways from Paeoniae radix Rubra, they shared the same original plant varieties. On the basis of the historical origin, botanical origin, producing place and processing method, the authors made clear the evolvement of peony varieties, discussed and analyzed the developments and changes for the combined to the separate administration of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra and defined the peony variety in Huangqin decoction. Through the textual research on ancient herbal books, the authors confirmed that more than 2 000 years ago, Paeoniae Radix Alba didn't appear when Treatise on Febrile Diseases was written. According to the records in Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians that "its roots were collected and dried in February and August", it was inferred that the use of Paeoniae Radix Rubra conformed to the historical facts.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; history ; History, Ancient ; Medicine in Literature ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To summarize treatment experiences of microsurgical clipping for anterior communicating artery aneurysm via pterional approach.Methods Clinical data of 82 cases undergoing microsurgical clipping for anterior communicating artery aneurysm via pterional approach in the first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University from October 2008 to December 2014 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into different groups by Hunt-Hess illness grading scale,with 11 cases for level 0,7 cases for level Ⅰ,30 cases for level Ⅱ,25 cases for level Ⅲ,8 cases for level Ⅳ,and 1 cases for level Ⅴ.Twenty-one patients underwent operation at early stage of SAH (＜3d),15 at late stage of SAH (4d～2W),and 35 at prolonged stage of SAH (＞2W).The prognosis of patients was evaluated according to GOS classification criteria at discharge.Results A total of 85 ACoAA were found in 82 patients and all of them were clipped and,at the same time,3 aneurysms were resected and 11 thrombuses were punctured,cut and removed.In the operation,15 (17.6％) aneurysms ruptured again and temporary blocking happened for 73 times,with the shortest blocking time of 2 rmin,the longest of 40 rmin,and the average of 9.26min.According to GOS score,good recovery rate was 79.3％ (65/82),moderate disability rate was 12.2％ (10/82),severe disability rate was 3.7％ (3/82),vegetative state rate was 0％,and death rate was 4.9％ (4/82).Good recovery rates for the operations at early,late and prolonged stage of SAH were 85.7％,73.3％ and 82.3％ respectively and for level 0 to level Ⅴ were 90.9％,85.6％,86.7％ and 84.0％,25.0％ and 0.0％ respectively.Results of DSA or CTA re-examination upon 55 patients followed-up at discharge or three months after discharge showed that tumor pedicle were clipped and aneurysm disappeared.Fifty cases were followed up from four months to seven years after the operation,with one case of aneurysm recurrence.Another thirty-two cases were lost to follow-up.ConclusiornS Microsurgical techniques and microdissection are keys to successful operation.Pterional approach can guarantee successful clipping of aneurysms with different directions,locations and sizes.It is also an easy,effective and reliable approach with less postoperative complications.Operation for anterior communicating artery aneurysm should be performed as early as possible.

Objective To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could be used as a tumor marker by detecting the VEGF levels in serum and effusion from malignant tumor patients. Methods VEGF concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the serum from the healthy donors and in the serum and the malignant effusion from the patients. Results The serum VEGF levels from the malignant tumor patients was higher than that from the healthy donors, and there was a significant difference ( P

Objective To investigate the current status, performance,challenges and demands of the health management service-related institutions in China so as to provide evidence for effective policy-making. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used in this report. The health management service-related institutions were identified based on web site searching and government business registration records. Web or mail-based questionnaire was used for data collection. Telephone interview was conducted to confirm the validity and reliability of the data. Results Of 5744 health management service-related institutions in China,585 were investigated for type of organization, personnel profile, business strategy and investment. Since 2000, the number of health management service-related institutions in China had kept increasing in an average rate of 52%. The services included physical check, health education, and disease intervention,etc. Conclusions In China,health management is still at its early stage although an increasing trend could be found and a large number of related- institutions have emerged. However, health management system in China still faces the challenge of poor professional services and insufficient healthcare providers.

AIM:To observe the effect of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule on learning and memory,and expression of BDNF in brains of picrotoxin-kindled epilepsy rats. METHODS: The epilepsy rat model was established by picrotoxin in jection.The effects of Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule were observed on the model groups and compared with sodium valproate group and piracetam group.The behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were observed by Action Observing Box.Its reactions were assessed by snatching rats with the gloves.The learning and memory abilities were tested after Morris water maze training.The brains were made into paraffin sections,processed for HE staining and Nissl staining.The expression levels of BDNF were measured by immunohistochemical S-P techniques. RESULTS: Taking Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule,the behavior and emotion of epilepsy rats were markedly improved.The escape latency of searching the platform were shortened and times of rats acrossing the original platform were increased.Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule could reduce neuron impairment and necrosis on the cordex and Hippocampus of epilepsy rats,improve the loss of Nissl bodies,increase BDNF positive remarks. CONCLUSION: Tianbing Tiaodu Capsule can markedly improve impairment of learning and memory in picrotoxin-kindle epilepsy rats,which might be the result of increaseing BDNF expression,the protection of Nissl bodies,making protein synthesize,improving neuron function.

Adolescent ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Splints

Applications of network pharmacology are increasingly widespread and methods abound in the field of drug development and pharmacological research. In this study, we choose rosiglitazone compound as the object to predict the targets and to discuss the mechanism based on three kinds of prediction methods of network pharmacology. Comparison of the prediction result has identified that the three kinds of prediction methods had their own characteristics: targets and pathways predicted were not in accordance with each other. However, the calcium signaling pathway could be predicted in the three kinds of methods, which associated with diabetes and cognitive impairment caused by diabetes by bioinformatics analysis. The above conclusion indicates that the calcium signaling pathway is important in signal pathway regulation of rosiglitazone compound, which provides a clue to further explain the mechanism of the compound and also provides a reference for the selection and application of methods of network pharmacology in the actual research.
Calcium Signaling ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Computational Biology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Pharmacology ; methods ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology

Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a significant role in the DNA repair process by catalyzing the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD+ to its receptors. It is a promising anticancer drug target and many PARP-1 inhibitors have been developed and used in the clinical trial. In this work, a series of 3-(2-oxo-2-substituted acetamido)benzamides have been synthesized and their inhibitory activities against PARP-1 were evaluated. Of all the tested compounds, six compounds displayed inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.23 to 5.78 µmol.L-1 . The binding pose of compound 5a was predicted using molecular docking to facilitate further structural modification.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Benzamides ; chemistry ; DNA Repair ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases

Objective To estimate the current quality of the reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to digestive diseases in China. Methods All the papers related to RCTs published in Chinese Journal of Digestion from 1999 to 2008 were hand-searched by professional staff then evaluated and analyzed them according to the international reference standard. ResultsIn the 3298 issues of the recent ten years, there were 92 research papers of RCTs which was accounting for 2.8%. The sample size ranged from 18 to 5241. Sixty-one (66.0%) trials included the exact standard of internalize and exclusion. Sixteen (17.4%) trails told the specific method of random allocation and 22(23.9%) were double-blinded. Fifty-eight (63.0%) trials compared the baseline condition of each groups. Seventy-three(79.3%) trails showed the specific approach of statistic. In the end, only 7(5.7%) trails were identified as the strictly-designed RCTs. Conclusions The quantity and quality of the clinical RCTs can not satisfy the demand of clinical practice. Strictly-scientific designed, multicentered, large sample prospective clinical RCT should be advocated.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between circadian rhythm and rapid palatal expansion (RPE).

METHODSOne hundred and eleven consecutive patients (55 males and 56 females) using the same rapid palatal expansion devices were included in the study. The mean age of males was (11.2 ± 2.1) years and the mean age of the females was (11.4 ± 2.7) years, According to the activation time (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 o'clock), the patients were divided into eight groups. The data were analyzed using Halberg methods for cosinor-rhythmometry and t test.

RESULTSThe results of the tooth movement in eight different groups fitted to a cosine curve. The acrophase and bathyphase appeared at 21 and 9 o'clock, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe human circadian rhythm could affect the rapid palatal expansion. This study demonstrated that the best activation time for patients with RPE was around 21 o'clock.