0.05).In 28 days before and after treatment,there was significant difference in H-B grade between two groups (P

AIM: To retrospectively analyze the effect of different surgical treatment on intraocular foreign bodies, according to different types and position.
METHODS: Clinical data of 46 cases diagnosed with intraocular foreign bodies from June 2010 to April 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS:Intraocular foreign bodies in anterior segment could be removed or magnetically attracted directly, intraocular foreign bodies in posterior segment could be attracted if there was accurate location. Vitrectomis was more favorable for the non magnetic or intraocular foreign bodies in posterior segment. In 46 cases, all intraocular foreign bodies ( 100%) in posterior segment were removed successfully. Among them the functional cure in 33 cases ( 72%) , the anatomical cure in 12 cases ( 26%) , discharged in 1 case (2%).
CONCLUSION:The aim of operation is to reconstruct of eyeball structure preserve and restore visual function. We should find more appropriate mode of operation and timing of surgery according to the foreign bodies'different types and injury of eyeball, reduce complications, preservation eyeball and improve visual function.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of lung cancer patients with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM). Methods:The clinical data of 91 lung cancer patients with ALNM who were treated in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevance of the sites of the tumor site, local lymph node, and ax-illary lymph node was checked by contingency table. Survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by a log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was applied to analyze the prognostic factors. Results:The proportion of lung cancer pa-tients with ALNM was 0.63%, and the patients were often presented with adenocarcinoma, peripheral tumor type, pleura invasion with pleural effusion, or chest wall invasion. A relationship between tumor sites, local lymph node sites, and axillary lymph node sites was observed. The median survival time of lung cancer patients with ALNM was 19.02 months, and the two-year survival rate is 62.64%. Patients identified with ALNM at the initial diagnosis reported poor prognosis (P=0.002). Cox regression analysis showed that the relative risk of death in patients with ALNM at initial diagnosis was elevated 2.18 times (95%CI:1.330?3.572, P=0.003). Conclu-sion:ALNM in lung cancer is rare, and it may involve through direct chest wall invasion and spread from supraclavicular and mediasti-nal lymph node metastasis or systemic origin. Patients detected with ALNM at the initial diagnosis indicated poor prognosis.

Aim Tostudytheinfluencesofsulfated polysaccharides ( SPPM60-D) on the regulation of free calcium concentration ( [ Ca2+] i ) of T lymphocytes of mice in vitro and explore the mechanisms involved. Methods Polysaccharides(PPM60)wereextracted from masson pine pollen with hot water and 60% etha-nol. PPM60-D was separated and purified from PPM60 with Sephacryl S-400HR. Sulfated polysaccharides ( SPPM60-D ) were derivated by chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method and the [ Ca2+] i of T lymphocytes were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometer. IL-2 and IL-4 were measured by ELISA kits. Results ConAandSPPM60-Dcouldincrease[Ca2+]iinT lymphocytes by 211. 5% and 201. 8% respectively ( P<0. 01). 2-APB, LY294002, U73122 and verapamil rather than TAK-242 could significantly inhibit the in-crease of [ Ca2+] i induced by SPPM60-D. SPPM60-D could significantly increase the level of IL-2 and IL-4 in supernatant ( P <0. 01 ) . 2-APB rather than TAK-242 could significantly inhibit the increase of cyto-kines.Conclusion ItisspeculatedthatSPPM60-D could increase [ Ca2+ ] i via TCR/CD3-PI3K-PLC-IP3 R-Ca2+ signal pathway through TCD/CD3 receptor in T lymphocytes so that it could improve the level of IL-2 and IL-4 in supernatant in T lymphocytes.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK), a mechanistic mathematic model, which can simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs, is being more widely used in pharmaceutical research and development areas. This article reviews primarily the recent advances in the procedure of establishing a PBPK model, including specifying of the PBPK model structure, specification of the tissue model, writing of equations, set of model parameters, simulation and evaluation. Application significance, major challenges and future developments of PBPK model in pharmaceutical areas are also discussed.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics ; Software ; Tissue Distribution

Mammal multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATEs) play an important role in the transport of organic cations in the body. MATEs mediate the final excretion step for multiple organic cation drug used clinically and important endogenous substances. This article reviews the discovery, type, gene coding and polymorphism, body distribution, classification of substrates and inhibitors and their research method of MATEs. The article also discusses the major research significance of MATEs with examples.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cations ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of manipulative reduction combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) using meta-analysis method, in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

METHODSA systematic computer-based search (from January 1987 to April 2014) from CNKI, Wanfang database, Web of Science and PubMed were performed for the collection of controlled clinical researches on manipulative reduction combined with PVP or PKP in treating OVCF. The quality of selected researches was evaluated. Meta-analysis was adopted to evaluate visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra.

RESULTSA total of 7 researches of 410 patients were included in the present analysis, there were 5 RCTs and 2 non-RCTs and all come from China. Manipulative reduction combined with PVP could got better improvement in Cobb angle (WMD=-7.35; 95%CI: -12.15, -2.54) and anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra (P<0.01) than simple PVP, but no significant difference was found in improvement of visual analog scale (WMD=-0.01; 95%CI: -0.45, 0.42). There were no significant differences in the improvement of visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra between manipulative reduction combined with PKP and simple PKP (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with simple PVP, manipulative reduction combined with PVP may result in more clinical efficacy on the improvement of Cobb angle and anterior ratio of the injured vertebra. And compared with simple PKP, manipulative reduction combined with PKP has no obvious advantages on the improvement of visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra. However, the number and quality of the literatures, may resulted in the effect of mistrust, so more large sample and high-quality RCTs are needed in future.

Combined Modality Therapy ; Fractures, Compression ; therapy ; Humans ; Manipulation, Spinal ; methods ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; therapy ; Spinal Fractures ; therapy

Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) aims to efficiently generate collections of small molecules with diverse appendages, functional groups, stereochemistry and skeletons, thus yielding diverse biological activities capable of modulating a wide variety of biological processes. In this review, we discussed the common strategies employed in DOS with specific examples from recent literature, including reagent-based approach, substrate-based approach, build-couple-pair strategy and privileged substructure-based DOS. The application of some DOS libraries in drug discovery is also presented.
Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; Small Molecule Libraries

Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a newly discovered member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, expresses highly in the digestive system neoplasms. DcR3 inhibits cellular apoptosis and produces cellular modulation by competitively combining with FasL, LIGHT and TL1A, therefore it deeply relates to the digestive system neophlasm's generation and progression. DcR3 is supposed to be the new tumor-specific marker that may cast the light to the digestive system neoplasms' generation, diagnosis,treatment, prognosis and effect observation. DcR3 is expected to open a new chapter in clinical application.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of the self-expandable metal stent for treatment of gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction.MethodsData of 24 patients with symptomatic gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction diagnosed from January 2005 to February 2011 were retrospectively studied.All patients were measured by gastric outlet obstruction scoring system ( GOOSS ) before and one week after the placement of self-expandable metal stent.ResultsStent placement was succeeded in all patients with a mean operation time of 25.90 ± 11.03 min.Twenty patients (83.3％) were able to intake liquid food after the procedure.The GOOSS (P50 =0) before and after stent placement were 0.14 (P50 =0) and 1.42( P50 =2),respectively,with significant difference (P ＜0.01 ).Minor digestive bleeding occurred in 3 patients,but no severe complications including perforation or aspiration were observed.ConclusionPlacement of a self-expandable metal stent in patients with gastric outlet or duodenal obstruction is safe and effective for resolving obstructive symptoms.