Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

The stable and controllable quality of decoction pieces is an important factor to ensure the efficacy of clinical medicine. Considering the dilemma that the existing standardization of processing mode cannot effectively eliminate the variability of quality raw ingredients, and ensure the stability between different batches, we first propose a new strategy for Chinese medicine processing technologies that coupled with individuation processed and cybernetics. In order to explain this thinking, an individual study case about different grades aconite is provided. We hope this strategy could better serve for clinical medicine, and promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine processing skills and theories.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Cybernetics ; standards ; Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; toxicity ; Humans ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the significance and effect of ultrasonic diagnosis on the autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in angiogenesis. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were divided into experiment group (12) and the control group (12). Then rabbit bone marrow MSCs from experiment group were isolated, caltured and marked with Brdu. After ischemic hind limb animal model on all rabbits was set up, autologous bone marrow MSCs were directly injected into the ischemic hind limb muscles in experiment group while same volume normal saline was used in the control group. Two weeks after the implantation of autologous bone marrow MSCs, 2D and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) detection were used in rabbit femoral artery of the two groups to observe the inner diameter of the blood vessel, the peak velocity and the acceleration time. The disposition of transplaned cells and the state of angiogenesis in ischemic muscles were assessed using immunofluorescence staining. Results The results of 2D and Doppler ultrasound detection showed the inner diameter of the blood vessel and the peak velocity of the blood current in experiment group obviously higher than that of the control group , and the acceleration time was obviously smaller than that of the control group P<0.01. The immunofluorescence staining showed there were transplanted cells existed in transplanted portion and state of angiogenesis was supurior obviously than that of the control. Conclusions Bone marrow MSCs had the effect to promote angiogenesis. Implantation of autologous bone marrow MSCs was a simple and efficient therapeutic method for the ischemia hind limb. Using high-frequency ultrasound to detect femoral artery may provide a practical and useful method to evaluate the effect on implanted autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Spectral karyotyping (SKY) is a novel cytogenetic technique, has been developed to unambiguously display and identify all 24 human chromosomes at one time without a priori knowledge of any abnormalities involved. SKY discerns the aberrations that can not be detected very well by conventional banding technique and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). So SKY is hyper-accurate, hypersensitive, and hyper-intuitional. In this paper the basic principle of SKY technique and its application in leukemia cytogenetics were reviewed.
Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia ; genetics ; pathology ; Spectral Karyotyping

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between metastasis-associated gene 1 ( MTA1 )expression and invasive and metastatic ability of cervical cancer cell. MethodsThree kinds of plasmids pcDNA3( control group), pcDNA3-MTA1 ( MTA1 group) and pSilencer3. 1-MTA1-siRNA ( MTA1-siRNAgroup) were transfected into human cervical cancer cell line CaSki cells. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and western blot were used to detected MTA1 mRNA and protein expressions. The effects of MTA1 expression on CaSki cell growth and proliferation, cell migration, adhesion and invasion, and cell cycles were tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), clone formation experiment, wound-healing assay, transwell assay, adhesion assay and flow cytometry, respectively. In animal experiment, three groups of cells were inoculated to BALB/c nude mouse subcutaneously to observe tumor formation ability. ResultsCompared with control group, MTA1 mRNA and protein were significantly overexpressed in MTA1 group, while MTA1-siRNA group showed lower MTA1 expression. Compared with control group, MTA1 group showed significantly accelerated cell growth; while MTA1-siRNA group showed decreased cell growth since the second day (P＜0. 05). Clone formation number in control, MTA1 and MTA1-siRNA group were 133 ±6, 169 ± 10 and 57 ±5,respectively. MTA1 group showed accelerated cell formation, while MTA1-siRNA group showed the reverse effect compared with that in control group(P ＜ 0. 05 ). At 24, 48 and 72 hours after wounding, the healing ability of MTA1-siRNA group significantly lagged behind that in the control group, while MTA1 group showed accelerated cell healing ability. The adhesion rate of control, MTA1 and MTA1-siRNA group were (69. 3 ± 3. 6) ％, ( 80. 4 ± 5. 6 ) ％ and ( 39. 2 ± 7.4 ) ％ separately at 90 minutes after cell seeding. In contrast with control group, MTA1 group promoted the adhesion of CaSki cell to matrigel matrix, while MTA1-siRNA group inhibited the adhesion process (P ＜0. 05 ). In the migration assay, the number of cells migrated to the bottom side of the membrane in control,MTA1 and MTA1-siRNA group were 153 ± 17,247 ± 38 and 82 ± 10, respectively. The number of cells in the invasion assay were 231 ± 19,354 ± 36 and 76 ± 7, respectively. Compared with the control group, MTA1 group significantly increased the migration and invasion ability, while MTA 1-siRNA group showed lower cell migration and invasion ability (P ＜ 0. 05 ). In cell cycle experiment, no significant differences of cell proportions including G1, S and G2 stage were found among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).In animal experiment, compared with control group,MTA1 group showed accelersted tumor formation and growth,whilethe MTA1-siRNA group showed the reverse effect ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). ConclusionsMTA1 may play its roles to promote cervical cancer cell invasion, migration, adhesion, as well as cell growth and colony formation, while RNA interference against MTA1 may decrease the malignant phenotypes. This study shows that it will be an effective beginning to explore metastasis mechanisms and cancer gene therapy strategy targeting MTA1 in cervical cancer.

To investigate the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on the proliferation, migration and the formation of tube-like structure in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). MTT assay, flat plate scarification, Transwell plates and matrigel-induced tube formation assay were performed to detect the effects of OA on proliferation, migration and tube formation. MTT assay showed that the inhibition rates of HUVECs treated with 60 and 100 microg x mL(-1) of OA for 24 h were 19% and 83% respectively. Treatment of HUVECs significantly inhibited the cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. The vascular indexes of HUVECs treated with 40 and 60 microg x mL(-1) OA were 33% and 20% respectively. Western blotting analysis showed that treatment of the cells with OA significantly attenuated the expression and secretion of VEGF. Additionally, VEGF could in part reverse the effects of OA on migration and tube formation of HUVECs. In conclusion, OA inhibits the proliferation, and VEGF plays an important role in OA induced decreased migration and tube formation of HUVECs.

To study the effect of cholesterol and 25-OH-cholesterol on cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells and the effect of coptisine (Cop) extracted from Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) in reducing and regulating cholesterol. In this study, TC, TG, LDL-c and HDL-c were measured by biochemical analysis; mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR, HMGCR and CYP7A1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. According to the results, cholesterol and 25-OH-cholesterol inducing could decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR and CYP7A1, so as to increase TC and LDL-c contents. However, Cop could up-regulate mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR and CYP7A1 and down-regulate that of HMGCR, so as to reduce TC and LDL-c levels. These findings suggested that Cop has potential pharmacological activity for reducing cholesterol, and may reduce cholesterol by regulating mRNA and protein expressions of key genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, such as LDLR, CYP7A1 and HMGCR. This study laid a firm theoretical foundation for developing new natural drugs with the cholesterol-lowering activity.
Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, LDL ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

In the heart, stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (betaAR) serves as the most powerful means to increase cardiac contractility and relaxation in response to stress or a "fight-or-flight" situation. However, sustained beta-adrenergic stimulation promotes pathological cardiac remodeling such as myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and necrosis, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure. Over the past decade, compelling evidence has demonstrated that coexisting cardiac betaAR subtypes, mainly beta(1)AR and beta (2)AR, activate markedly different signaling cascades. As a result, acute beta(1)AR stimulation activates the G(s) -adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-PKA signaling that can broadcast throughout the cell, whereas beta(2)AR-evoked cAMP signaling is spatially and functionally compartmentalized, due to concurrent G(i) activation. Chronic stimulation of beta(1)AR and beta(2)AR elicits opposing effects on the fate of cardiomyocytes: beta(1)AR induces hypertrophy and apoptosis; but beta(2)AR promotes cell survival. The cardiac protective effect of beta(2)AR is mediated by a signaling pathway sequentially involving G(i), G(betagamma), PI3K and Akt. Unexpectedly, beta(1)AR-induced myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis are independent of the classic cAMP/PKA pathway, but require activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMK II). The outcomes of cardiac-specific transgenic overexpression of either beta AR subtype in mice have reinforced the fundamentally different functional roles of these betaAR subtypes in governing cardiac remodeling and performance. These new insights regarding betaAR subtype stimulation not only provide clues as to cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of beta AR blockers in patients with chronic heart failure, but also delineate rationale for combining selective beta(1)AR blockade with moderate beta(2)AR activation as a potential novel therapy for the treatment of chronic heart failure.
Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Heart ; physiology ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; classification ; physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 ; physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; physiology ; Signal Transduction

Objective To obtain antibiotic-resistant mutants producing metabolites with antitumor activity from wild-type actinomycete strains without antitumor activity. Methods An actinomycete strain L35-1 was used as an initial strain for obtaining antibiotic-resistant mutants, which is a marine-derived wild-type strain without antitumor activity with an inhibition rate of 2.8% at the 1000 μg/ml of high sample concentration on K562 cells. The antibiotic-resistant mutants both from auto-mutagenesis and chemical mutagen-induced mutagenesis were selected by single colony isolation on antibiotic-containing plates according to the method for obtaining drug-resistant mutants in ribosome engineering. The antitumor activity was assayed by the MTT method using K562 cells for the mutants with aqueous acetone extracts of the whole broth of their fermentation.Results A total of 114 neomycin-resistant (ner) and 68 streptomycin-resistant (str) mutants, all from auto-mutagenesis, was obtained on drug-containing plates. Among them, the 7 ner and 3 str mutants appeared to be bioactive with an inhibition rate above 20% at the 100 μg/ml sample concentration on K562 cells. On the other hand, 41 str and 32 ner mutants from DES-induced mutagenesis and 46 ner mutants from NTG-induced mutagenesis were obtained by mutagen-induced mutation coupled with the single colony isolation on antibiotic-containing plates, among which, one str mutant from DES-induced mutagenesis and one ner mutant from NTG-induced mutagenesis were bioactive with an inhibition rate over 20% at the 100 μg/ml sample concentration on K562 cells. Conclusions The present result has revealed that the wild-type actinomycete strains without bioactivity might become a great source initial strains to obtain bioactive mutants by drug-resistant mutation technique.

Objective To report the clinical outcome and prognostic factors for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy(IMRT).Methods From January 2001 to August 2004,the data of 132 such NPC patients were analyzed retrospectively;104 male and 28 female with a median of 44.5 years(range 21-73 years).Ninety-eight patients(74.2%)were confirmed by biopsy as having NPC:9 with WHO TypeⅡand 89 WHO TypeⅢ.The other 34 patients were only diagnosed by MRI scan because of the extension/invasion was in the base of skull and/or cavernous sinus.Median interval time were 24 months(range 6-184 months).According to the 1992 Chinese Fuzhou Staging System:stageⅠ3.8 %,Ⅱ10.6 %,Ⅲ22.0% andⅣa 63.6%;T1 5.3%,T2 10.6%,T3 22.7% and T4 55.3%.Twenty-two patients had recurrence in the neck lymph nodes.IMRT was given with the sequential tomotherapy system(NOMOS Peacock systems)of 6 MV X-rays.Prescription dose was 60-70 Gy in GTV,with the fractional dose of 1.94-2.8 Gy.Sixty patients were also supplemented with two to six courses of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Results The median volume of GTV was 39.5 cm~3(range 0.8-158.9 cm~3).The D95,V95,mean dose and fractionation dose of GTV was 66.9 Gy,98.3%,69.8 Gy and 2.32 Gy,respectively.The median follow-up time was 12 months(range,2-47 months).The 1-,2-and 3-year local progression-free rate was 96.4%,88.4% and 85.3%,respectively.The overall 1-,2-and 3-year survival rate was 6.5.9%,49.6% and 41.6%,respectively.Eleven patients developed distant metastases.Forty-seven patients were observed to devdop mucosa necrosis and/or massive hemorrhage in the nasopharynx.On univariate and multivariate analysis,fractional dose and vohane of GTV were significant prognostic factors for overall survival(P=0.016,0.009).Conclusions The local control and survival rate can be improved for patients with locally recurrent nasopharygeal carcinoma after treatment of intensity modulated radiotherapy.The fractional dose and volume of GTV are independent prognostic factors for the overall survival. The main death reasons are mucosa necrosis and/or massive hemorrhage in the nasopharynx.