Objective:To compare the detected rate of nodular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC)on spiral CT enhanced scanning of arterial-, portal-, and delay phase. Methods: Spiral CT scanning was performed in 30 cases of nodular HCC. After plain CT examination, arterial phase(25s after injection) and portal venous phase (60～70s after injection), delay phase (4～6min after injection) were performed with a 150ml bolus injection of contrast material at 3ml/s. The morphology and characteristics on enhanced scans were analyzed and the numbers of the detected lesions were calculated on each phase.Results: 51 nodular HCC of total 30 cases were found.The detected rate on plain scan,arterial phase,portal venous phase and delay phase were 23.5%,84.3%,66.7% and 72.5% respectively.Conclusion: Spiral CT enhanced scanning can fully show the enhanced characteristics of HCC, and combination of three phases could improve the detectrate.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological factors of intrahepatic recurrence after initial treatment in patients with hepatocelluar carcinoma(HCC).Methods: 57 consecutive patients with pathologically proven recurrent HCC were collected.And these cases were classified into two groups: multicentric occurrence(MO) group and intrahepatic metastasis(IM) based on the type of recurrence.The univariate and multivariate analysis were used for the relationship between the clinical datum and pathological types.Results: Overall recurrence rates after initial treatment were 24.56% at 1 year,47.37% at 2 years,63.16% at 3 years,70.18% at 4 years,and 75.44% at 5 years,respectively.MO was closely associated with hepatitis and AFP concentration,and showed better prognoses.While in patients with IM,the lesions related to the degree of tumor cell differentiation and the majority of recurrences were observed within 3 years.Conclusion: The development and biological behaviors of the MO and IM were quite different.Early detection of intrahepatic recurrence and institute appropriate therapy may prolong survival in patients with MO.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of PET/CT fusion images in the research field of metastatic tumors of the body by the comparison of CT,SPECT or PET images.Methods:The analysis was based on 19 cases with 60 metastatic lesions.The final diagnoses were confirmed by surgery,biopsy and pathology.CT,SPECT or PET and PET/CT were applied in all cases.CT scanning was applied in 19 cases.Among them,there were 9 plain examinations,and on the basis of that,the other 10 cases were applied enhancement scanning.SPECT was applied in 11 cases.Among them,there were also another 8 cases which were applied PET.Combined PET/CT examinations were performed in 19 cases.PET/CT was separately compared with CT,SPECT or PET findings,and the its numbers,localization,size,the distrubution of radionuclide,the involvement of lymph node and local swelling of soft tissues of the lesions were recorded.Results: There were 9 cases of pulmonary metastasis and the detective rate of PET/CT was 100%(29/29 cases),SPECT or PET 86.2%(25/29 cases),CT 82.8%(24/29 cases);7 cases of spine metastasis and the detective rate of PET/CT was 100%(17/17 cases),SPECT or PET 88.2%(15/17 cases),CT 76.5%(13/17 cases);3 cases of hepatic metastasis,and the detective rate of PET/CT was 100%(14/14 cases),SPECT or PET 71.4%(10/14 cases),CT 78.6%(11/14 cases)respectively.Conclusion:The shape and anatomic position of metastatic lesion can be clearly detected on CT image;nuclear medicine images such as SPECT,PET can provide excellent information on functional biology.Referring to PET/CT,it is a very useful method in detecting lesions of the shape and construction,and it can also provide more functional information,localization and characterization of metastatic lesion,PET/CT image can differentiate physiologic uptake,and meanwhile promote the differentiation of its physiologic intake.

AIM To investigate the effects of p38 MAPK signaling on diallyl disulfide ( DADS ) induced apoptosis in CNE2 cells. METHODS Morphological changes and quantification of apoptotic cells were determined under fluorescence microscope after a 24 h treatment of CNE2 by DADS. Cell viability was determined with MTT method. Apoptosis detection was taken to the cells on flowcytometry. The expression of phospho p38 MAPK was measured by Western blotting. RESULTS After treatment with DADS at 50～150 ?mol?L -1 for 24 h,DADS elicited typical apoptotic morphologic changes (chromatic condensation, nucleus fragmentation). The amount of apoptosis cells increased in a concentration dependent manner but cell cycle arrest did not at 50～150 ?mol?L -1 ,incubation of CNE2 with DADS for 24 h also induced phospho p38 MAPK expression in a concentration dependent manner. Interestingly, DADS induced apoptosis was markedly increased by preincubation with SB203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor,and increased the expression of phospho p42/ p44 CCDPK in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION DADS activates p38 MAPK,and phospho p38 MAPK signaling appears to play protective roles in DADS induced apoptosis in CNE2.

Objective: To prepare superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and to observe its acute toxicity on mice, so as to pave a way for further study on its long-term toxicity and on its role as a carrier in magnetic resonance gene imaging. Methods: The SPIO nanoparticle was obtained by means of co-precipitation, and its physical and chemical parameters were determined by transmission electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and 1.5 T super conduct MR, etc. According to the administration pathway and doses of SPIO, 90 mice were divided into oral administration (with a total dose of 2 104.8 mg/kg and a volume of 40 ml/kg, n=30), intravenous injection (a total dose of 438.5 mg/kg and a volume of 25 ml/kg, n= 30) and intraperitoneal injection (with a total dose 1 578.6 mg/kg and a volume of 30 ml/kg, n=30) groups. Another 10 mice in each group receiving the same dose of normal saline via the same pathway served as the controls (n=10). The general condition, the major serologic parameters, and the pathological changes of major organs were observed 14 d after administration in each group. Results: We have successfully prepared SPIO, and its core component was Fe3 O4 crystal, with a size of 20-35 nm, a T2 relaxivity of 0.155 × 106 mol-1 · sec-1, a specific saturated magnetization of 68.395 68 emu/g, and a retentivity of 21.463 74 Gs. There was no death of mice during the observation. There was no significant difference in serological parameters between mice of different groups and between each experiment group and their corresponding control group. No edema, degeneration and necrosis were seen in the liver, spleen, kidney, heart, and lungs by H-E staining and marrow by Wright staining; only a few blue particles were observed in the liver and spleen in the administration groups by Prussian blue staining, none observed in the control groups. Conclusion: SPIO prepared in the present study meets the requirement of MR imaging, with no acute toxicity to mice, and warrants further study for future MR gene imaging.

Anniversaries and Special Events ; Humans ; Learning ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Physicians

The examination system for the licensing of doctors was eventually established against a background of constant growth of China's socialist market economy. Conduction of the professional qualification examination is the prerequisite of the State's adoption of the professional license system. It is also the inevitable choice for developing a mature and standard socialist market economy. The paper reviews the process of the establishment of the system, out- lines the features of the examination in content design, organization and implementation, and puts forward measures for perfecting the system in China. The measures include: further improving the organization and management system and the rules and regulations for conducting the examination; grasping the features and patterns of criterion-referenced test- ing in the field of medical examinations; rendering the examination system more scientific, ettectine and reliable; and deepening reform of medical education under the framework of the new medical examination system. [

To meet the demands of high definition of video and transmission at real-time during the surgery of endoscope, this paper designs an HD mobile video transmission system. This system uses H.264/AVC to encode the original video data and transports it in the network by RTP/RTCP protocol. Meanwhile, the system implements a stable video transmission in portable terminals (such as tablet PCs, mobile phones) under the 3G mobile network. The test result verifies the strong repair ability and stability under the conditions of low bandwidth, high packet loss rate, and high delay and shows a high practical value.
Equipment Design ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation ; Video Recording ; instrumentation

Objective　To evaluation the application value of two-phase enhanced spiral CT in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods　Two-phase enhanced spiral CT was performed in 27 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. After plain CT examination, performed arterial phase（25s after infusion）and portal venous phase（60～70s after infusion）with a 150ml bolus injection of contrast material at 3ml/s. CT attenuation values of tumor and normal pancreas in all scanning phase were obtained and the tumor-pancreas contrast was calculated. Results　Mean tumor enhancement were 48±8 HU（arterial phase）and 72±6 HU（portal venous phase）, normal pancreas enhancement were 125±18 HU、98±11 HU, mean tumor-pancreas contrast was significantly differenced on arterial phase （73±21 HU）and portal venous phase （25±12 HU）. Conclusion　Excellent tumor-pancreas contrast is obtained with arterial phase scans, as such it is of significance reference value for diagnosis pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of intramedullary stabilization of tibiofibular fractures with titanium elastic nails (TENs) in children .Methods Totally 59 children patients with tibiofibular fractures ,from January 2008 to November 2013 ,were stabilized with TENs in the C‐arm fluoroscopy in our hospital .All patients were followed up after surgery ,including fracture heal‐ing ,wound conditions ,limb length ,range of motion of knee and ankle ,gait ,etc .Results All of the 59 cases were followed up for 6-36 months ,average 16 months .All fractures were healed in good alignment .There were no postoperative complications such as infections ,swelling and pain at the end of the nails ,TENs broken ,tibial epiphysis injuries and unnormal function of the lower limb joint .According to the Flynn evaluation standard ,excellent result were observed in 49 cases ,good in 10 cases ,the excellent and good rate was 100% .Conclusion Intramedullary stabilization with TENs can achieve effective fixation in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures ,it has advantages of micro‐trauma ,tiny tissue damage ,little influence on blood circulation at the fracture site ,good stabili‐ty ,rapid healing ,short hospital stay and few complications .