Abstract?AlM: To assess the efficacy and safety of trypan blue and indocyanine green ( lCG ) for continuous curvilineal capsulorrhexis ( CCC ) in mature or hypermature phacoemulsification.?METHODS: A total of 122 eyes of 122 cases with cataracts in mature and hypermature were randomly divided into three groups, trypan blue staining group was 46 eyes of 46 cases as group A, lCG staining group was 40 eyes of 40 cases as group B, control group was 36 eyes of 36 cases as group C. Staining groups were used to 0. 2mL trypan blue or lCG injected into the anterior chamber during operation, respectively. The success rate of CCC, lens posterior capsule rupture and implanted intraocular lens pouch were observed and compared during operation. Anterior chamber inflammation was observed after operation, and compared with the control group to observe and analysis.? RESULTS: The success rate of CCC, implanted intraocular lens pouch were statistically significant difference in trypan blue staining group ( group A ) than that in control group (group C) (P<0. 05). lmplanted intraocular lens pouch was statistically significant difference in lCG group ( group B ) than that in control group ( group C ) ( P<0. 05 ) . The rate of lens posterior capsule rupture was no statistically significant difference in all three groups ( P > 0. 05 ) . Anterior chamber inflammation was no significant difference in the postoperative reaction among the three groups.?CONCLUSlON:The application of trypan blue or lCG for lens capsule staining before CCC in lack of red reflective mature and hypermature cataracts is safe and effective, both results are comparable. lt guarantees a complete CCC and improves the success rate of phacoemulsification.

Objective To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of interferon ? with different structures including pegylated interferon ?-1b (PEG IFN ?-1b), pegylated interferon ?-2b (PEG IFN ?-2b) and natural interferon ? (IFN ?) in male BALB/C nude mice with human renal adencarcinoma (ACHN) tumor. Methods Athymic BALB/C nude mice were received a subcutaneous injection of ACHN cells (2?106/0.2ml) on the rear flank. After four weeks, the size of tumor reached a mean volume of 50-100 mm3, and the interferon was administrated. The mice with tumor were divided into four groups, and were administrated with placebo (0.2ml/mouse thrice weekly), IFN ?-1b (50?g/mouse thrice weekly), PEG IFN ?-1b (150?g/mouse once weekly) and PEG IFN?-2b (150?g/mouse once every week), respectively, for five weeks. The tumor volumes were measured weekly prior to treatments until the end of the fifth week. All mice in each group were sacrificed to measure the weight of the residual tumor. The anti-tumor activity of IFN ? in vivo was evaluated by studying their ability to reduce the volume and weight of tumor. Results IFN ? may significantly reduce the volume and weight of ACHN tumor in mice. The average tumor weight was 0.422g in placebo group, while 0.263g, 0.235g and 0.219g in the groups treated with PEG IFN ?-1b, IFN ?-1b and PEG IFN ?-2b, respectively. No significant difference was found among the three groups treated with IFN ?. Moreover, the volume of tumor in three groups treated with IFN ? was significant reduced than that in placebo group. Conclusion IFN ? with different structures have showed the similar ability of ACHN tumor suppression at the dosage of 150?g per week.

Background When limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) occurs,not only the limbal stem cells (LSCs) were damaged,but also the LSCs matrix microenvironment was under destruction.The treatment of LSCD include both replenishing of stem cells and restoration of microenvironment.So far,the method to improve the microenvironment of LSCD still exist limitation and urgently need to establish more appropriate microenvironment for the LSCs growth in vitro.Objective This study was to investigate whether the human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can be used as the ideal cells to repair limbal microenvironment and its possible mechanism of repairing limbal microenvironment during the human LSCs amplification in vitro as feeder cells.Methods BMSCs were cultured and passaged in vitro,and flow cytometry was used to assay the expressions of CD45,CD71,CD90,CD105 and HLA-DR and directionally induced BMSCs to the osteoblasts and adipocytes.BMSCs were treated using mitomycin C (MMC) to use as the feeder cells.LSCs were separately co-cultured with BMSCs,Swiss-3T3 feeder cells and free-feeder cells,and colony-forming efficiency (CFE) of the LSCs was compared among different co-cultured groups.LSCs were then cultured sequentially and identified by flow cytometry.Expression of cytokines in BMSCs was confirmed by reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Cultured BMSCs showed a good homogeneity,with a lot of expressions of interstitial cell markers such as CD71,CD90,CD105 and less expressions of hematopoietic cell markers including CD45 and HLA-DR.After separately cocultured with feeder cells for 12 days,the CFE of the LSCs co-cultured with BMSCs,Swiss-3T3 and no feeder cells was 3.67％ ±0.58％,4.30％ ± 1.54％ and 0.20％ ±0.10％,showing a statistical significant difference among the three groups(F =15.420,P =0.040).There was no statistically significant difference in the C FE of the LSCs between the BMSCs feeder group and the Swiss-3T3 feeder cells group(P =0.456),between the BMSCs feeder group and the free-feeder cells group or the Swiss-3T3 co-culture group and the free-feeder cells group (P =0.005,0.002).LSCs presented with a positive response for ABCG2 antigen in the co-cultured with BMSCs group.Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),stem cell factor (SCF) and N-cadherin(N-cad) were positively expressed in the BMSCs as feeder cells.Conclusions Human BMSCs-derived feeder cells can improve the growth of the stromal microenvironment of the LSCs and enhance their proliferation ability.Human BMSCs are suitable for engineering of epithelial sheets.

Objective To study the effect of basiliximab,an anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibody,on the prevention of acute rejection and promoting graft survival in renal allograft recipients.Methods Published literature regarding the effects of basiliximab used for the prevention of acute rejection and promoting renal graft survival was reviewed,and Meta analysis was employed to analyze the results.Odds ratio(OR)and its 95% confidence interval(95%CI)were used as the parameters to evaluate the therapeutic effects.The statistical analyses were performed with RevMan 4.2 software.Results A total of 13 pertinent research articles were reviewed,including 2 papers written by Chinese authors and 11 by foreign authors.Meta-analysis of pooled results indicated that basiliximab prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from acute rejection effectively with half-year prevention of OR 0.49 and 95%CI 0.28-0.87(P=0.01),and one-year prevention of OR 0.48,95%CI 0.35-0.65(P

Objective To observe the effect of momordicin on tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) level,mRNA transcription,and protein expression in myocardium of viral myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),and explore its therapeutic mechanism on viral myocarditis in Balb/c mice.Methods Fifty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows:momordicin treatment group(20 cases),vehicle control group(20 cases) and normal control group(n=10).Mice in the vehicle control group and the momordicin treatment group were intraperitoneally inoculated with CVB3,as for the nomal control group,equal amount of culture fluid was given instead.Momordicin[25 mg/(kg?d)] was administered intraperitoneally daily from day 0 to 6.Myocardial histopathology,cardiac TNF-? antigen,protein and mRNA expression were detected on day 15 after CVB3 inoculation,respectively.Results As compared with model group,in mice treated with momordicin,the histological myocardial lesion was significantly reduced [(3.26 ?0.84) vs(1.56?0.48),t=3.90 P

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of astragaloside on chronic coxsackievirus B3(CVB3)myocarditis in Balb/c mice.Methods Eighty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:astragaloside treatment group(n=30),model of viral myocarditis group(model group)(n=30),and control group(n=20).Mice in the model group and the astragaloside treatment group were monthly intraperitoneally inoculated with CVB3,but equal amount of culture fluid was given instead in control group.The model group and control group were fed with drinking water,astragaloside treatment group were fed with drinking water containing astragaloside at concentration of 300 mg/L for 3 months.Survival rates were determined,myocardial histopathology,collagen volume fraction(CVF) and apoptosis of heart tissue,and CVB3 RNA levels were detected on 3 months later respectively by semiquantitative RT-PCR.Results Compared with model group,in astragaloside treated group,the survival rate on 3 months was significantly improved(59.7% vs 76.7%,?2=4.26 P

Objective To assess the patient effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging.Methods A total of 157 patients (85 males,72 females;mean age:(60.46±13.44) years,range:24-88 years) who underwent SPECT/CT from April 2013 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 3 groups:99Tcm-MDP bone scan group (n=113),99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group (n=23) and 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group (n=21).The injection dose (MBq) was recorded and the effective dose (mSv) was estimated according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guideline.The volume-weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) of CT were also recorded and the effective dose (mSv) due to CT was calculated.The effective doses among different groups were statistically compared by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results The effective dose from radiopharmaceuticals were (4.02±0.35) mSv for 99Tcm-MDP bone scan,(6.13±0.53) mSv for 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging and (1.66±0.13) mSv for 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging (x2=96.853;Z =7.533,7.262 and 5.676;all P＜ 0.05).The effective dose due to CT were (3.84±1.98),(1.04±0.19),(4.05±0.47) mSv respectively (x2 =41.225,P＜0.05),and there were significant differences between 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group(Z=6.046 and 5.672,both P＜0.05).The total effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging were (7.86± 1.98),(7.21±0.81) and (5.71±0.45) mSv (x2 =28.988,P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group(Z=4.967 and 4.994,both P＜0.05).Conclusions The increase in effective dose due to spiral CT during SPECT/CT examination should be concerned.Appropriate utilization and optimization of SPECT/CT is needed.

Objective:To detect immunological effects of procyanidin ,gastrodin,baicalein and apigenin on antigen presenting cells of RAW264.7 and DC2.4 and search for new tumor vaccine adjuvant.Methods: After different concentrations of four kinds of Chinese herbal monomer and LPS were used to stimulate RAW 264.7 or DC2.4 cells for 48 hours,cells were obtained and stained with CD80,CD86,MHCⅠand MHCⅡ antibody.Then protein expression levels of CD80,CD86,MHCⅠ and MHCⅡ on RAW264.7 and DC2.4 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results: Results showed that after 48 hours stimulated with different concentrations of four kinds of Chinese herbal monomer on RAW 264.7 or DC2.4 cells,the expression levels of CD80,CD86,MHCⅠ,MHCⅡ were all up-regulated in comparison with control , procyanidin and baicalein exhibited stronger immunological stimulating activity on a cellular level.Conclusion:Procyanidin and baicalein were found having potential application value in clinical treatment as tumor vaccine adju -vants.

Objective To learn the present efficiency of medical equipments at public hospitals in Liaoning province, and provide scientific basis for rational distribution of such resources, and for control of medical expenses.Methods Data envelop analysis (DEA) was used to appraise the deployment efficiency of 2 784 such equipments worth over 100 000 yuan per unit, with equipments randomly sampled from 31 public hospitals in the province.Results The equipment deployment at public hospitals in Liaoning was found at a low level.9.7% of the hospitals were found as relatively efficient, 3.2% of them as in relatively weak efficiency, while 87.1% of them relatively inefficient.Gaps were found between urban hospitals and tertiary hospitals, and rural hospitals and secondary hospitals in their deployment efficiency, as evidenced in overinvestment of equipments and insufficiency of competent operators.Conclusions Hospitals should strengthen their scientific management of the equipments, and emphasize human resource investment, thus elevating the efficiency of equipment deployment.

The chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata was investigated in this paper. Fourteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and NMR data analysis as lupeol (1), euphol (2), cassipourol(3) , 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta-ol (4), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3beta-ol (5), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (6), betulin (7), uvaol (8), (23E) -25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (9), (23E) -cycloart-23,25-dien-3beta-ol (10), 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta, 28-diol (11), salicinolide (12), 2alpha, 3beta, 5alpha, 9alpha, 15beta-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7beta, 8alpha-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6 (17) -en-14-one (13) and 3beta, 5alpha, 15beta-triacetoxy-7beta-isobutyryloxy-9alpha-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6 (17), 11(E)-dien-14-one (14). Among them, compounds 1-11 were isolated from E. lunulata for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Stereoisomerism