Objective To observe the anticoagulant effect of low molecular weight heparin on induced hemodialysis in patients with acute renal failure.Method One hundred and eight patients with acute renal failure treated with induced hemodialysis were randomly divided into low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)group and unfractionated heparin(UFH)group.A bolus disc of UFH was given at first and then maintained by continuous infusion in UFH group,whereas a single bolus dose of LMWH with 2000AFXa IU to 4000AFXa IU in LMWH group.Results Anticoagulant effect between LMWH and UFH did not show significant discrepancy during induced hemodialysis.The bleeding from internal jugular vein catheter increased in the UFH group much more than that in the UFH group was significantly higher than that in the LMWH group.Anti-FXa blood levels were significantly higher in LMWH group than in UFH group.Conclusions LMWH has minor influence on aPTT and TT,while its anticoagulation effect approximates to that of UFH.LMWH represents a realistic alternative agent UFH in acute renal failure induced hemodialysis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of perforin and granzyme B expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes and diagnosis of acute rejection in renal transplantation. Methods Sixty-seven recipients of renal allograft were included in the study. The expression of perforin and granzyme B of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The recipients were divided into four groups, including 7 cases of acute rejection as group 1, 8 cases of delayed graft function as group 2, 27 cases of stable function as group 3, 25 cases of long-term survival as group 4. Results The expression of perforin and granzyme B in group 1 was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P

Objective To investigate the effect of perforin and granzyme B in peripheral blood lymphocytes during acute rejection in renal transplantation.Methods Sixty-seven recipients of renal allograft were involved in the study.The recipients were divided into four groups: group 1 with 7 cases of acute rejection,group 2 with 8 cases of delayed graft function,group 3 with 27 cases of stable function and group 4 wih 25 cases of long-term survival.The expressions of perforin and granzyme B of peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The expressions of perforin and granzyme B in acute rejection group were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P

BACKGROUND:There were stil lacking related clinical researches in the aspects of whether the total blood loss and hidden blood loss were connected with pathogenesis, whether the total blood loss and hidden blood loss were different among the patients who conducted total hip arthroplasty under different pathogenesis, and whether the preoperative intervention should be conducted for a particular cause? OBJECTIVE:To compare and analyze the hidden blood loss of patients with hip osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture after total hip replacement. METHODS:The clinical data of 150 patients who received the unilateral total hip arthroplasty treatment from June 2013 to January 2015 were colected and analyzed, including 54 patients with hip osteoarthritis (30 male cases and 24 female cases ), 96 patients with femoral neck fracture (41 male cases and 55 female cases). The pre-and post-operative blood routine and intro-and post-operative blood loss and transfusion were recorded, and hidden blood loss during pen-operation period was evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total blood loss was (1 616±216) mL, hidden blood loss was (699±102) mL, and hidden blood loss accounted for 43.3% of the total blood loss. The total blood loss was (1 742±254) mL in the hip osteoarthritis group, hidden blood loss was (758±127) mL, hidden blood loss accounted for 44.6% of the total blood loss; The average total blood loss was (1 470±189) mL in the femoral neck fracture group, hidden blood loss was (625±98) mL, hidden blood loss accounts for 42.1% of the total blood loss. The total blood loss and hidden blood loss in hip osteoarthritis group were significantly higher than those in the femoral neck fracture group (P< 0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the hidden blood loss accounts for the proportion of the total blood loss between two groups (P=0.419 3). These results suggest that the total blood loss and hidden blood loss are different for the patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty in the premise of both pathogenesis. Therefore, before the total hip arthroplasty, we should fuly take into account the primary cause of patients and estimate the total blood loss and hidden blood loss, so as to take appropriate preventive measures in time to ensure the safety of the replacement process.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage on recovering and maintaining lumbar curvature, lumbar heights and fusion rate when used in the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

METHODSFrom February to July 2012, 50 patients with degenerative lumbar disease(lumbar disc herniation in 32 cases and lumbar spondylolisthesis in 18 cases) were treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using the n-HA/PA66 cage, and their preoperative and postoperative clinical outcomes were analyzed. The patients were followed up for 2, 4, 6 and 8 months after operation, during which the CR and CT film of lumbar vertebra were checked to get relative height of vertebral space, Taillard index,index of lumbar spinal curvature,angle of segmental and full lumbar lordosis. The data were analyzed respectively with pair t-test, analysis of variance or LSD-t-test.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duraion ranged from 8 to 13 months, with a mean of 11.32 months. There were significant differences in relative height of vertebral space, Taillard index, index of lumbar spinal curvature, angle of segmental and full lumbar lordosis after surgery, but there were no significant differences in different periods after operation. The fusion time of lumbar ranged from 4 to 8 months.

CONCLUSIONThe n-HA/PA66 cage can recover and maintain lumbar normal stability with higher rate of fusion and less complications.

Adult ; Durapatite ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nylons ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Removal of immunosuppressants in patients with recurrent tumor in long-term following organ transplantation is always a hot controversial point in academic circles. To further elevate clinical efficiency, people began to invent new immunosuppressant and studied immune efficiency of various immunosuppressant component. They tried to reduce the application of cyclosporin A (CsA).OBJECTIVE: To analyze the CsA safe withdrawal of a case of kidney recipients, at 18 years after renal transplantation, who developed bladder carcinoma and renal pelvic carcinoma at 11 years and 18 years after transplantation, respectively. METHODS: After identified diagnosis, we performed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) and total nephroureterectomy merobladder excision. Pathologic examination revealed grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ of bladder and renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma. After the operation, patient was treated with immune suppression program of CsA withdrawal gradually in 12 days.Within 12 days, 5 mg CsA was decreased every 3 days, and complete withdrawal was done at 12 days. The dosage of azathioprine tablets and prednisone acetate tablets was not changed. Serum creatinine levels were rechecked every 3 days during drug withdrawal, and blood pressure, urine volume, physical symptom of patients and ultrasound of transplanted kidney were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the three months of CsA withdrawal, the blood creatinine levels were from 65 to indicated that the CsA gradually withdrawal of a case of kidney recipients after renal transplantation, who developed transitional cell carcinoma and was performed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) and total nephro- ureterectomy merobladder excision, was safe. No tumor relapse or diversion was found.

Objective To observe the treatment effects of the ultrashort wave diathermy on gentamycin-in- duced acute renal injury of rats.Methods Eighteen Sgrague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group(6 rats),a model group(6 rats)and a treatment group(6 rats),the treatment group was treated with ultra- short wave diathermy once a day for a total of 20 days.The observed indexes were NAG,RBP,?_1-MG,?_2-MG in the urine of rats;the SCr,BUN in the blood of rats were also tested and the pathological changes of the renal ob- served.Results The pathological injuries of those in the ultrashort wave treatment group was slighter than the con- trol group;the NAG,RBP,?_1-MG,?_1-MG in the urine and the SCr,BUN in the blood of treatment group were low- er than those of the model group(P

OBJECTIVE: Tacrolimus is widely used in organ transplant. However, the long-term effects of tacrolimus on Asian, in particular in Chinese people, are few. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term curative effect of tacrolimus used in kidney transplantation patients in China.DATA SOURCES: Electronic and manual retrieve of Medline database, Chinese journal full-text database, Cochrane library, and CEBM/CCD, and relevant medical journals in China were applied.DATA SELECTION: Published randomized controlled trials on tacrolimus in kidney allograft recipient were retrieved, and the data were underwent Meta analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the measurement parameter of efficacy comparison. The statistical analyses were performed using Stata software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 1 year. ②The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 3 years. ③Rejection ratio after 3 years. ④Infection rate after 3 years. ⑤Incidence of liver dysfunction after 3 years. ⑥Blood glucose disorder after 3 years.RESULTS: A total of 3 trials were eligible for the inclusion efficacy, including 3 Chinese trials and 0 foreign trials. Results of meta-analysis indicated that tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection effectively in three years [OR=0.40, 95%CI (0.27-0.61), P < 0.000 1]. Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from impaired liver function in three years [OR=0.28, 95%CI (0.15-0.52), P < 0.000 1]. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/ kidney was found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine. Statistical difference of blood glucose disorder were found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine [OR=2.39, 95%CI (1.41-4.05), P=0.001].CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection and impaired liver function effectively in three years in China. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/kidney was found in the patients between two groups. In addition, the main side effect of tacrolimus is blood glucose elevation.

In recent years, with the constant increase in the population with hypoimmunity, bacterial and fungal infections have been increasing. Due to the drug resistance, clinically optional anti-bacterial and antifungal medicines become increasingly limited. Scutellaria baicalensis, a species of perennial herbaceous plant of scutellaria genus of lamiaceae family, and its effective components have multiple pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-microbial. Especially, its remarkable antibacterial and antifungal activities are of great significance to treat the increasing number of cases with drug-fast bacterial and antifungal infections. In this paper, the authors summarized the advance in studies on antibacterial and antifungal effects and mechanisms in recent years on the basis of the domestic and foreign studies on S. baicalensis and its effective ingredients.
Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans ; Mycoses ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Scutellaria ; chemistry ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry

Objective：To study the toxicity mechanism(s) of ifosfamide(Ifo) in suspending cultured rat hepatocytes.Methods：Hepatocytes of adult rat were isolated using two-step perfusion method and cultured suspendingly. Cell viability,intracellular enzyme leakage, contents of sulfhydryl groups and MDA contents of hepatocytes were examined 3 hours after ifosfamide was administered at 5,10,20 mmol/L. Surface and ultrastructure of hepatocytes were also observed. Results：Cell viability and TSH,NPSH,PSH contents of hepatocytes significantly declined, and LDH,AST activities in media increased due to the leakage of intracellular enzymes. The decrease in PSH content was ascribed to depletion of TSH. The higher the dose was, the more serious these changes became. However, MDA contents of the hepatocytes were not found increased at any ifo dose groups. In pathological examination, “bulla" formation was found on the surface of the hepatocytes, deformation，swelling even vacuolation of mitochondria and dilation of rough，smooth endoplasmic reticulum were also observed. Conclusions：Ifo has toxic effect on suspending cultured rat hepatocytes. The decrease in sulfhydryl groups contributes to the hepatotoxicity induced by Ifo.