Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Granuloma ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; analysis ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage

Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Brain ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mobius Syndrome ; diagnosis ; pathology ; physiopathology

Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Thymectomy ; Thymus Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma.Methods The clinical date of 33 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma from September 2007 to April 2012 was reviewed retrospectively.26 were males and 7 were females,with an average age of 69 years.Pathological diagnosis showed 30 clear cell RCCs,2 papillary RCCs,and 1 unclassified RCC.These patients were treated by sorafenib 400 mg twice a day until intolerable toxicity or disease progression.The primary end points were objective response rate,clinical benefit rate,median survival time,median progression-free survival and the incidence of adverse reaction.Results All patients were evaluable for response and toxicity,with 8 patients (24％) of partial remission,19 cases (58％) of stable disease,and 6 cases (18％) of disease progression.The disease control rate was 82％,the median progression-free survival was 10.2 months,while the median survival time was 16.5 months.The common adverse reactions included hand-foot skin reaction (61％),diarrhea (46％),hypertension (21％).Most adverse reactions occurred around the second week after drug therapy,with the duration unequal.The majority of adverse reactions could be released by symptomatic treatment,which did not affect the medication.Conclusion Sorafenib has good short term efficacy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma,and most adverse reactions were tolerable.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Yawning ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Several studies have confirmed that activation of intervertebral disc enzymes is closely related to matrix degradation. Matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase have been shown to exert important roles in the process of extracellular matrix degeneration in intervertebrel disk. Besides these two enzyme systems, whether other proteeses that exhibit degrading effects on extracellular matrix are involved in the intervertebral disk degeneration remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To detect the cathepsin K expression in normal and degenerated human intervertebrel disc cells and investigate the correlation between cathepsin K and intervertebral disc degeneration.METHODS: Cathepsin K expression was detected in intervertebral disc tissue from 30 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion using immunohistochemistry SP method and ELISA. At the same time, the intervertebral disc tissue from 15 healthy adult cadavers and/or spine fracture patients was taken as control, Cathepsin K protein expression in normal and degenerated human intervertebral disc tissues were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cathepsin K expression was observed in normal and degenerated intervertebral disc tissues.The expression level was significantly higher in degenerated tissue than normal tissue (P ＜ 0.05). These findings demonstrate that Cathepsin K possibly participates in the intervertebral disc degeneration.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its methods for evaluating clinical efficacy are different from those of Western medicine. Applying evaluation techniques and methods that are used in Western medicine mechanically to TCM will not work. So building evaluation techniques, which adhere to regulations and characteristics of TCM, is necessary and imperative. As the quality of life and patient-reported outcome instruments were brought into practice and developed, clinical evaluation ideas and methods for TCM are provided with an opportunity for development. This article puts forward the concept of subjective complex outcomes (SCOs), which constitutes subjective feelings gained from the patient, doctor and caregiver, different from laboratory parameters. SCOs provide a multidimensional and complex health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment and focus on the source of assessment information of diseases. This article also introduces a case study building SCO methods of TCM treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, in order to promote discussion and provide a platform for future research.

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; Rats ; Subthalamic Nucleus ; metabolism