Based on the reality of Anhui Medical University,the paper analyzes the adverse factors of carrying out combination with teaching for the literature retrieval course from the perspectives of emphasis,professional knowledge structure and teachers of professional courses,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures from implementation of teaching and teaching effect,in order to provide reference for medical colleges to carry out literature retrieval course effectively.

Objective:To study how to guide the individual dose of clopidogrel in line with the genetic testing results. Methods:Clinical pharmacists decided how to optimize the prescription of clopidogrel according to the genotype combined with the drug metabolism and drug interactions for three patients respectively with slow clopidogrel metabolism,intermediary metabolism and super fast metabolism. Results:The slow clopidogrel metabolism patient with subacute stent thrombosis after half a month of coronary stenting was switched to orally administrate with ticagrelor. The super fast metabolism patient suffered from repeatedly subcutaneous hemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy was suggested to lower the dose of clopidogrel,temporarily withdraw Maixuekang capsules and conventionally administrate with vitamin C tablets orally. The intermediary metabolism patient with late stent thrombosis co-treated with lansoprazole was suggested to increase the dose of clopidogrel or use ticagrelor instead,and when it was necessary,panxitorazole,ray Bella or the other ranitidine acid suppression drugs such as ranitidine could be considered. Conclusion:Through genetic testing and drug interactions,clinical pharmacists guide the clinical use of clopidogrel and the optimization of antiplatelet therapy.

Over-expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is associated with the development of multi-drug resistance ( MDR). Pgp has been focused on as the main target in designing chemotherapy strategy. In this article we review some of the latest advancement in designing and evaluation methods of P- glycoprotein inhibitors.

Auditory Cortex ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Objective To explore the effects and mechanisms of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) on high glucose-induced rat mesangial cells proliferation and phenotype transformation. Methods Rat mesangial cells were cultured and incubated in media containing either 5 mmol/L D-glucose or 30 mmol/L D-glucose with or without addition of wortmannin, or uPA (105 U/L) for different time periods. At the end of the incubation period, mesangial cells proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and p27kip1 expression and activation of Akt were evaluated by Western blotting and Akt kinase assay respectively. Furthermore, the expression and distribution of α-SMA were detected with laser confocal microscopy. Results MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that high glucose induced mesangial cells proliferation (P＜0.05) and an incresed proportion of cells in G2/M+S stage after 24 h incubation (P＜0.01), which were attenuated by uPA or wortmannin (P＜0.01). High glucose induced the enhance of Akt activity after 3 h (P＜0.05), and the effect was inhibited by wortmannin or uPA (P＜0.01). High glucose did not alter CDK2 expression (P＞0.05),but significantly inhibited p27kip1 expression (P＜0.05), which was attenuated by wortmannin or uPA (P＜0.01). High glucose induced the up-regulation of α-SMA expression and perinucleus location in mesangial cells after 24 h (P＜0.01), which were alleviated by wortmannin or uPA (P＜0.01). Conclusion uPA up-regulates p27kip1 expression and counteracts high glucose-induced mesangial cells proliferation and phenotype transformation via blocking PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To develop a method for the simultaneous separation and determination of 10 kinds of sedative hypnotica drugs in the functional food with high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry system.Methods The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 15 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution(0.1% formic acid ),chromatographic column was Zobax SB C 18.Identification was based on the compound's absolute retention time,protonated molecular ion,and representative fragment ion by multiple reaction monitoring.The condition of determination was investigated and optimized.Results With this method,the linear range for the 10 drugs was 10-1 080 ?g/kg,the average recoveries ranged from 80.5%-97.1% and the detection limits were from 0.35-12.0?g/kg respectively.Conclusion The method established in the present paper is applicable to monitoring sedative hypnotica drug in the functional food.

AIM: To study the protective effect and mechanism of panax notoginseng saponinsa(PNS) for dealing with rats with middle cerebral artery ischemia reperfusion(CI/RP). METHODS: To establish the rat middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion model with suture occlusion technique and record the neurologic impairment evaluation score on the basis of Zea Longa method,measured the infarct volume,and the others were detected neuron apoptosis by TUNEL technology and endogenous brain-derived neurotropic factor(BDNF) expression by immunohistochemistry technology. RESULTS: The administration of PNS to rat decreased neurologic impairment,reduced infarct volume,inhibited the neuron apoptosis,and increased endogenous BDNF expression after 24 hours CI/RP. CONCLUSION: Increasing endogenous BDNF expression after CI/RP might be the mechanisms of PNS for achieving neuroprotections.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy between preparation porcelain veneer(PPV)and no-preparation porcelain veneer(NPPV).Methods:44 patients with 97 PPVs and 23 patients with 57 NPPVs were followed up for 3 years.Mental tension, postoperative dentin sensitivity and satisfaction of the patients,survival rate of the veneers,sulcus bleeding index(SBI)of preopera-tive and postoperative 3 years were evaluated.A comparative analysis was taken to examine the clinical indicators of 2 groups accord-ing to the modified CDA /Ryge criteria.Results:Survival rates of PPVs and NPPVs were 96.91 % and 96.49%(P >0.05),satisfac-tion rates of the 2 group patients were 95.45% and 95.65%(P >0.05),respectively.Mental tension and the postoperative dentin sensitivity of patients in PPV group was higher than those in NPPV group.Preoperative and postoperative SBI were not statistically dif-ferent between the 2 groups(P >0.05).Marginal adaptation in PPV group was better than that in NPPV group.Color matching, Porcelain surface and Marginal stain were not statistically different between 2 groups.Conclusion:Preparation porcelain veneers and no-preparation porcelain veneers both are effective in clinical application.

Objective To explore the effect of sodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection on plasma D-dimer level in patients of advanced esophageal cancer after chemotherapy and the relationship between plasma D-dimer level and clinical pathological parameters thereof. Methods Fifty-eight patients with advanced esophageal cancer confirmed by path-ological examination were randomly divided into two groups. Twenty-nine patients (experimental group) received chemother-apy (PF chemotherapy) combined with sodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 (0.5 mg once daily). Twenty-nine patients (con-trol group) received same volume of saline. And there were 20 healthy volunteers as the normal control. The plasma D-dimer level was determined one day before the first cycle of chemotherapy and the third cycle of treatment. Results The plasma D-dimer level was significantly higher before chemotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal cancer than that in normal control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma D-dimer level between patient gender, age, clinical stage and pathological levels. The D-dimer level was significantly down-regulated after chemotherapy. The D-dimer level was significantly lower in experimental group than that in control group (P<0.05). The incidences of digestive and hemato-logical adverse reactions were much lower in experimental group than those in control group. Conclusion The elevated plasma D-dimer level was found in patients with advanced esophageal cancer, and which was down-regulated by chemother-apy. The chemotherapy of sodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 can further reduce the D-dimer level, and relieve the ad-verse reactions of chemotherapy.