Objective:To investigate the protection of acupuncture on damaged myelin sheath from the poinr of view of neurological functional recovery and morphological changes of the myelin sheath.Methods:Eighty-nine adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to normal (n=5),sham-operation (n=21),model (n=21),early acupuncture (n=21) and late acupancture (n=21) groups.A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced by the intraluminal filament method.Acupuncture was performed at different time points after ischemia.Neurological function and morphological changes of the myelin sheath of ischemic focus were observed by using the methods of neurological deficit scores and Pal-Weigert's myelin staining.Results:Neurological deficit scores at 2.5 hours after the procedure in the model group increased significantly (P＜0.05).qhe scores decreased somewhat as the time elapsed.The internal capsule had obvious demyelination and recovered slowly.Neurological deficit scores in rats at each time point decreased faster in the acupuncture group compared with the model group,and they decreased significantly at day 3 (P＜0.05);the extent of demyelination was significantly alleviated.Neurological deficit scores decreased faster in the early acupuncture group compared with the late acupuncture group (P＜0.05);and demyelination in the early acupuncture group seemed milder at day one.Conclusions:Early acupuncture is beneficial to remyelination and neurological functional recovery after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To discuss how to choose the method of anesthetization for childhood obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods 98 children with tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy were seleted,and were randomly divided into two groups.Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were performed for the group with local infiltration anesthesia,while Tonsil dissection and endoscopic-assisted adenoidectomy through nose were for the group with intravenous general anesthesia.Then blood loss,operation time,intake time,operation damage,psychological trau-ma,hospitalization fares and operative efficacy were compared.Results The group with general anesthesia lost more blood,underwent longer operations with higher cost;the group with local anesthesia had more operation damage,grea-ter psyhologieal trauma and sometimes general anesthesia was necessary for the children who didn't cooperate.But these two methods of anesthetization almost had the same operative efficacy,and the symptoms such as snoring,oral breathing and suffocating were significantly improved after surgery.Condusion Every method had own advantages and disadvantages.Local anesthesia was as effective as general anesthesia in treating childhood OSAHS.but the anes-thetization choice should vary with the situations.

Objective To observe the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the cell growth, adhesion, migration and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) by A375 human malignant melanoma cells. Methods A375 cells were cultured in the presence of ET-1 of various concentrations (0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 μg/mL) for different periods. MTT method and flow cytometry were applied to detect the proliferation and ICAM-1 expression of these cells, respectively, after 24-, 48-, and 72-hour treatment. After 24-hour treatment, the cell adhesion and migration of A375 cells were assessed with cell adhesion assay and Transwell chambers, respectively. Results In the case of ET-1 from 0.002 to 0.2 μg/mL, it enhanced the proliferation, adhesion, migration of A375 cells and inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 by A375 cells in a dose dependent manner (P<0.01 or<0.05); however, for ET-1 of 2 μg/mL, the situation was the opposite. Moreover, after 24-hour culture with ET-1 of 0.2 μg/mL, the metabolic activity, cell adhesion rate, and expression of ICAM-1 peaked at 0.327±0.009, (163.31±4.05)% and 4.667±0.551, respectively. Conclusion ET-1 may enhance cellular metabolism and pigmentation by suppressing the expression of ICAM-1 and promoting the proliferation, adhesion and migration of melanoma cells.

Acceleration ; Algorithms ; Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Reference Standards ; Vibration

Objective To investigate the effect of medial preoptic area ( mPOA) destruction on the anesthesia induced with propofol and ketamine and the role of mPOA in the mechanism of anesthesia. Methods Twenty-four SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into two groups: NS group ( n = 12) and NMDA destruction group ( n = 12) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal (ip) pentobarbital 40 mg?kg-1. A hole was drilled in the skull fixed by a stereotactic apparatus (Narishige). 0.5?l of normal saline (NS) or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) was injected into mPOA. The rats were observed for changes in behaviour and body weight. On the 7 th day after NS or NMDA injection each group was further divided into 2 subgroups receiving either propofol 100 mg?kg-1 or ketamine 100 mg?kg-1 ip. The latency of loss of righting reflex (RL)(time from end of ip injection to loss of righting reflex) and recovery time (RT) were recorded. Results There were no significant changes in behaviour and body weight after mPOA injection in NS group; while animals in NMDA-destruction group showed increased excitability , irritability and activity and decreased appetite and sleep and significant weight loss after mPOA injection. RL was significantly longer and RT was significantly shorter after propofol/ketamine ip injection in NMDA destruction group than those in NS group. Conclusion mPOA is probably involved in anesthesia induced with propofol and ketamine.

Objective We evaluated the molecular epidemiology ofStenotrophomonas maltophilia strains in adult patients in Renji Hospital to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine for better control ofS.maltophilia infections.Methods Nonduplicate clinical isolates of S.maltophilia were collected from Renji Hospital from January 2014 to September 2014.We examined the clonality among the S.maltophilia isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Antimicrobial resistance pattern was investigated by Kirby-Bauer method and prevalence of toxin genes (Stmpr1,Stmpr2,stmr-1,Smlt3773locus) by PCR.We also studied the biofilm formation of S.maltophilia by semiquantitative biofilm formation test.Results A total of 78 nonduplicate S.maltophilia isolates were analyzed,of which 26 were isolated from surgical intensive care unit,and 53 strains were from male patients.All patients infected by S.maltophilia had received antibiotic therapy before the strains were isolated.At least three kinds of antibiotics were used in 62.8％ of the patients.MLST analysis indicated that 49 isolates were assigned novel STs(STnewl-STnew38),with new combinations of allelic profiles.The largest cluster of isolates was ST23 (6 strains).PFGE showed that there was weak genetic linkage between S.maltophilia strains.The 78 isolates were divided into 58 groups.About 2.6％ (2/78) and 10.3％ (8/78) of these strains were resistant to levofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,respectively.All the strains were susceptible to minocycline.The prevalence of virulence genes Stmprl,Stmpr2,snf-1 and Smlt3773 locus was 79.5％ (62/78),93.6％ (73/78),94.9％ (74/78) and 48.7％ (38/78),respectively.Biofilm formation test indicated that the mean ability of biofilm formation was 0.51±0.44 in terms of D492.There was no significant difference between males and females.Conclusions All patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection had a history of antibiotic use and male patients were susceptible population.Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates showed high prevalence of virulence genes.No clonal dissemination was found in the same department of hospital.

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Astragalus hoantchy Franch.. METHOD:Isolation and elucidation of the chemical constituents,were conducted by chromatography and spectral evidences. RESULTS and CONCLUSION:Six steroids and four anthraquinones were isolated from the roots of A. hoantchy. Their structures were identified to be stigmastane-3,6-dione (1),5α,8α-epidioxy- (22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (2),stigmastane-3β,6α-diol (3),daucosterol (4),β-sitosterol (5),stigmasterol (6),chrysophanol (7),emodin (8),physion (9) and aloe-emodin (10) on the basis of spectral data and physical constants. Among them,compounds 1,2,3,7,8,9,10 were isolated from the genus Astragalus for the first time.

BACKGROUND:Under mitomycin C treatment, feeder cells appear to have restricted proliferation, but they are stil able to secret different cytokines. Non-mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow and secreted factors in plasma maintain the micro-environment suitable for the growth of mesenchymal stem cells that can improve the yield of mesenchymal stem cells.
OBJECTIVE:To study the biological characteristics of C57 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated using a whole bone marrow adherent culture technique.
METHODS:Using the whole bone marrow adherent culture technique, purified and amplified C57 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were harvested. cellproliferation kinetics, immune cellsurface markers, multiple differentiation potential and cellcycle were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Using the whole bone marrow culture, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were harvested and capable of adhering to the plastic culture vessel. The obtained cells expressed CD45, CD105 and Sca-1, but were negative for CD34, CD33 and C-kit. The doubling time was (57.11±1.5) hours. The cells could be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes. The cellcycle analysis showed that 64%of cells were in G 0-G 1 phase. These indicates that C57 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated using a whole bone marrow adherent culture technique have biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To describe and analyze the distribution of medical expenditure of Liaoning province in 2014 in terms of population beneficiary based on the System of Health Accounts 2011(SHA 2011).Methods By means of multistage and stratified sampling, a total of 252 medical institutions were selected from four cities in Liaoning province according to their economic status and geographical distribution.Macro data including the outpatient income and hospitalization income were taken into account, to calculate the beneficiary population of the province in 2014 according to SHA2011.Results GBD classification found that the highest medical expenditure category was non-communicable diseases, accounting for 63.02% in total medical expenditure.ICD classification found that respiratory disease as consuming the highest medical expenses (43.76%).The average medical expenditure of the elderly population was the highest per person, up to 3 041.70 yuan per person.Conclusions Medical expenses of non-communicable diseases, respiratory disease and elderly population were still high.Thus we need to emphasize disease prevention, and take efficient measures against such key diseases to curb the medical expenses.The elderly population calls for specific and effective measures to reduce their medical expenses.