Objective To evaluate the clinical application of implantation of totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) via the internal jugular vein (IJV) guided by ultrasonography in infants.Methods The clinical data of 446 sick infants,who received TIVAP at the Affiliated Shanghai Children's Medical Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,China (single center) during the period from January 2009 to July 2016,were retrospectively analyzed.The time spent on surgery,the success rate of first puncturing of IJV and the incidence of puncture-related complications were recorded,and the results were compared between traditional IJV blind puncture group and ultrasound-guided IJV puncture group.Results Of the 446 sick infants,traditional IJV blind puncture was employed in 265 and ultrasound-guided IJV puncture was adopted in 181.In traditional IJV blind puncture group,the mean time spent on surgery was 7.6 min,the success rate of first puncturing of IJV was 75.85％ (201/265),and the incidence of puncturerelated complications was 5.66％ (15/265).In ultrasound-guided IJV puncture group,the mean time spent on surgery was 4.2 min,the success rate of first puncturing of IJV was 97.24％(176/181),and the incidence of puncture-related complications was 1.70％ (3/181).Conclusion For the performance of TIVAP implantation in sick infants,the use of ultrasound-guided IJV puncture technique can shorten the operation time,improve the success rate of first puncturing,and reduce the incidence of puncture-related complications.Therefore,ultrasound-guided IJV puncture is a safe,effective,simple and feasible technique.This technique is worthy of clinical promotion.

Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rhabdomyoma ; pathology

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Chondrosarcoma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Enterococcus ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Male ; Meningitis ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Skull Base ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety as well as the effects of rituximab on B-lymphocytes and anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies,in patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods Twelve steroid-resistant ITP patients,16 to 54 years old,received intravenous rituximab at the dose of 375 mg/m2 once-weekly for 4 weeks.Lab studies included CBC,serum concentrations of IgG,IgM and IgA.CD+3,CD+4,CD+8,CD+19,CD+20 cell numbers were assayed by flow cytometry and anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies(GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ)were assayed by monoclonal antibody-specific immobilisation of platelet antigens prior to and following rituximab therapy.Results A complete response(platelet counts ≥100×109/L)was observed in 4 cases,a partial response (platelet counts between 50 and 100×109/L)in 3 cases,a minor response(platelet counts between 30 and 50×109/L)in 2 cases,and non response(platelet counts＜30×109/L)in 3 cases.Responses were sustained 0.5 to 12 months(median 5 months).After 4 weeks of rituximab therapy,anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies(GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ)disappeared except one NR patient and CD+19/CD+20 cells were almost depleted in all patients(295.0±86.4)×106/L vs(4.1±2.2)×106/L(P＜0.01).As expected,the T cell counts,and the serum concentrations of IgG,IgM and IgA were not changed after therapy.No severe side effects were observed.Conclusion Rituximab may be an effective and safe treatment for adults with steroid-resistant ITP.

Objective To evaluate the effect of spleno-left adrenal vein shunt for the treatment of portal hypertensive upper GI bleeding caused by portal vein cavernous transformation in children.Methods Spleno-left adrenal vein shunt was performed in 8 children with portal hypertension due to cavernous transformation.The clinical data was reviewed.Results Portal vein pressure decreased significantly from (30±11)mm Hg to(22±7) mm Hg after shunt.There was no mortality perioperatively and during the follow-up.There were no recurrent hemorrhage nor hepatic encephalopathy occurring in the follow-up and all the children have normal intelligence and normal liver function though blood ammonia level increased significantly from(18±7)μmol/L to (60±17)μmol/L in 4 cases.In 7 cases in which preoperative whole blood cell count significantly decreased,the postoperative WBC,RBC,Hb and PLT was (7.64 ±4.46)×10~9/L,(4.54±0.97)×10~(12)/L,(133±5) g/L and (355.40±107.36)×10~9/L respectively (all P ＜0.05).In one case suffering from preoperative low PLT count the postop PLT reached 333×10~9/L,which was significantly higher than that preoperatively.Esophageal varices ameliorated in 6 cases.No stenosis of anastomotic stoma and thrombosis developed.Conclusion Spleno-left adrenal vein shunt is an effective procedure to treat portal vein cavernous transformation induced portal hypertension in children.

OBJECTIVETo investigate DNA repair in CHL cells and HeLa cells after DNA damage induced by different oxidative agents.

METHODSCHL cells and HeLa cells were exposed to various damaging agents, CHL cells: H(2)O(2) for 25 min, K(2)Cr(2)O(7) for 105 min, doxorubicin (Dox) for 75 min HeLa cells: H(2)O(2) for 25 min, K(2)Cr(2)O(7) for 105 min; then cells were continuously cultured for 0-3 h after washing. Alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (ASCGE) assay was used to detect DNA strand breaks.

RESULT(1) DNA strand breaks were induced in CHL cells after exposure to H(2)O(2) K(2)Cr(2)O(7) or Dox, which were repaired evidently after continuous culture for 1 h(P<0.01). The damages induced by H(2)O(2) or K(2)Cr(2)O(7) were repaired completely after culture for 2-3 h. However, the demage induced by Dox was repaired incompletely. (2) DNA strand breaks were induced also in HeLa cells after exposure to H(2)O(2) or K(2)Cr(2)O(7), which were repaired evidently after continuous culture for 0.5 h(P<0.01),and completely after culture for 1 h. (3) The regression coefficient related to the rate of comet cells and repair time was statistically different (P<0.05) between CHL cells and HeLa cells.

CONCLUSIONDNA damage induced by Dox is repaired more difficult than that induced by H(2)O(2) or K(2)Cr(2)O(7). The repair initiates immediately after DNA damage in both of cells, but more rapidly in HeLa cells than in CHL cells.

DNA ; metabolism ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Regression Analysis

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the serum concentration of IL-6,S100β,NT-3 and the cognitive functions in first-episode schizophrenia characterized by positive or negative symptoms.Methods44 first-episode schizophrenic patients characterized by positive symptoms (positive group),36 first-episode schizophrenic patients characterized by negative symptoms (negative group) and 50 healthy controls (controls) were collected.The serum levels of IL-6,S100β and NT-3 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The systematic evaluation tool-MCCB was applied to assess cognitive function in patients and controls.ResultsNT-3 serum levels in positive or negative groups were lower than those in controls and the differences were significant((118.39±37.50) ng/L,(112.55±32.29) ng/L vs (141.18±29.67) ng/L) (P<0.01).IL-6 and S100β serum levels in positive or negative groups were higher than those in controls and the differences were statistically significant((5.74±1.00)ng/L,(5.07±1.17)ng/L vs (4.23±0.91)ng/L),((132.98±46.71)ng/L,(124.99±43.14)ng/L vs (103.63±31.57)ng/L)(P<0.01).IL-6 serum levels in the positive group ((5.07±1.17)ng/L) were lower than those in the negative group ((5.74±0.99)ng/L) and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).In MCCB test,the TMT scores in patients characterize by positive symptoms or patients characterize by negative symptoms were higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.01).BACS SC,HVLT-R WMS-Ⅲ,SS,NAB,BVMT-R,CF in patients characterize by positive symptoms or by negative symptoms were lower than those in healthy control group(P<0.01).There were no statistical difference in the MCCB scores between the patients with positive symptoms and negative symptoms.In positive group,there was a positive correlation between the IL-6 serum concentration and the general symptom scores in PANSS (P<0.05).In positive group,NT-3 serum concentration was positively correlated with the general symptom scores or total scores of PANSS (P<0.05).BVMT-R scores in MCCB were also positively correlated with IL-6 or NT-3 serum concentration in positive group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe impairment of part of cognitive functions for schizophrenic patients may be related to the serum protein factors.There may be different in pathophysiology between the first-episode schizophrenic patients characterized by positive symptoms and those characterized by negative symptoms.

Objective To study the effect of exogenous rhBMP-2(recombinant human bone morpho- genetic protein-2)on the expression of endogenous TGF-?1 during osteogenesis in rabbits.Methods After successfully duplicating experimental rabbit skull defect model,we detected and analyzed the expression of en- dogenous TGF-?1 of the pericranium in different stages by using immunohistochemieal method in both the ex- perimental group and the control group.Results In the experimental group a lot of mesenchymal cells with positive expression of endogenous TGF-?1 of the pericranium aggregated in duramater in the early stage after operation,and the expression level increased rapidly with the differentiation of mesenchymal cells,and reached the peak at 17,19 day postoperation.Positive cell number of TGF-?1 of pericranium was statistically analyzed in both groups at 7,15,21 days,showing significant difference(t-test,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Exogenous rhBMP-2 can induce and enhance the expression of endogenous TGF-?1 during osteogenesis.

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of 3'-azido-2', 3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT)on the proliferation and telomerase activity of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a. The effect of proliferation was detected by MTT assay after the KG-1a cell were stimulated for 24, 48 and 72 h with different concentrations of AZT; telomerase activity was detected with TRAP-PCR-ELISA assay; RT-PCR was used to detect telomerase hTERT mRNA expression. The results showed that the proliferation of KG-1a cells was inhibited in a time and concentration dependent manner after exposure to AZT for 24, 48 and 72 h; the KG-1a cells decreased in S phase and increased in G(2)/M phase with the increasing of the concentration of AZT; telomerase activity and hTERT-mRNA expression in the experimental groups decreased after treated with AZT, which was positively correlated with concentration of AZT. It is concluded that AZT inhibits KG-1a cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, which maybe related with its decreasing the telomerase activity and hTERT mRNA expression.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Telomerase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Zidovudine ; pharmacology

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of clostridium difficile toxin A (Tcd A) on proliferation of K562 cells and its mechanism. The proliferative activity of K562 cells exposed to Tcd A was tested by MTT assay; cell cycle distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed by flow cytometry; the protein expression of cytochrome C and DNA fragmentation were observed by immunohistochemistry staining and agarose gel electrophoresis respectively. The results indicated that Tcd A inhibited proliferation of K562 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. Cells were arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase. Peak of apoptosis appeared. The protein expression of cytochrome C increased as compared with control group (p < 0.05). Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from K562 treated with Tcd A revealed a "ladder" pattern. It is concluded that clostridium difficile toxin A can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of K562 cells. The mechanism may be in relation to decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria matrix.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bacterial Toxins ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Enterotoxins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells