Abstract： Objective　To understand the new HIV-1 infection in MSM (men who have sex with men) sentinel population in Haikou and explore the influencing factors of HIV/AIDS epidemic, so as to provide a basis for AIDS prevention and control. Methods　A continuous cross-sectional study was used to detect HIV-1 infection in the MSM sentinel surveillance population in Haikou City from 2019 to 2023, excluding those with known past positive results and those who had been on antiretroviral therapy for more than six months. The positive cases suitable for new infection testing were examined by HIV-1 restriction antigen affinity enzyme immunization method, and binary non-conditional logistic regression model conducted multivariate analysis of new infections. Results　A total of 2 001 MSM were recruited, with a median age M（P25, P75）of 28 (23, 33) years, 89.8% were recruited from the Internet, 90.8% were single; 79.7% resided in the local area for >2 years, 72.6% were educated to college level or above, and the proportion of household registration in the province was 78.0%. From 2019 to 2023, the HIV-1 positive rate among MSM in Haikou from 2019 to 2023 was 6.85% (137/2 001), with a new infection rate of 2.95% (59/2 001). The estimated new infection rate was 8.61% (95%CI: 6.41-10.81), with no significant trend changes in HIV-1 positivity and new infection rates over the years (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that, compared to those who lived locally for ≤2 years, those residing locally for >2 years had a lower probability of recent HIV-1 infection (OR=0.473，95%CI: 0.273-0.821). Compared to those who had never received intervention services, those who had received such services had a lower risk of recent HIV-1 infection (OR=0.347, 95%CI:0.197-0.613). Conclusions　In recent years, the Haikou MSM population has shown characteristics of higher education and younger age, and the rate of new HIV-1 infections has not changed significantly. Receiving intervention services is the protection factor to prevent HIV-1 new infections, whereas the mobile MSM population has a higher risk of HIV-1 new infection. Health management of the mobile MSM population should be strengthened to expand the coverage of AIDS intervention services.

As the first marketed epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib plays an important role in the targeted therapy of malignant tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer, but this drug can cause serious adverse effects such as liver toxicity. If the reaction occurs, the drug must be stopped for liver protection treatment, which greatly affects the treatment process of cancer. However, the mechanism of gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity is still unclear, and clinical treatment measures are very limited. This article aims to review the molecular mechanism of gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity and the commonly used clinical therapeutic drugs, so as to provide scientific basis for clinical prevention and rational drug use.

AIM: To describe the clinical features of congenital isolated inferior rectus(IR)palsy with compensatory head posture of facial rotation and to analyze the effect of surgical treatment.

METHODS: Fifteen patients with IR muscle palsy further presenting with abnormal compensatory head posture of facial rotation were retrospectively identified from May 2014 to July 2018. Changes in the degree of facial rotation in patients were evaluated using an orthopedic goniasmometer. Variations in vertical and horizontal deviations were measured through prism and alternate cover tests, and changes in cyclotropia of pre- and postoperation were assessed by objective evaluation of eye torsion with fundus photography. IR resection was the main surgical treatment.

RESULTS: Among the 15 patients, 13 who were subjected to IR muscle resection or IR muscle resection combined with superior rectus muscle recession showed good results after surgery. These results included improved underaction of IR, coordination of eye movement, disappearance of abnormal facial rotation of compensatory head position, and total correction of vertical and horizontal deviation and cyclodeviation. Furthermore, each 1 mm resection of IR can correct 1.54±0.93° incyclotropia. In the other two patients with small vertical deviation who were done by inferior oblique myectomy, the improvement in facial rotation was unsatisfied, and eye motion remained uncoordinated.

CONCLUSION: Congenital isolated IR muscle palsy characterized by compensatory head posture of facial rotation is the main compensatory head posture. The resection of IR is effective and perfect. Mild overcorrection and undercorrection do not influence curative effect.