1.Lipids and membrane-associated proteins in autophagy.
Linsen LI ; Mindan TONG ; Yuhui FU ; Fang CHEN ; Shen ZHANG ; Hanmo CHEN ; Xi MA ; Defa LI ; Xiaoxia LIU ; Qing ZHONG
Protein & Cell 2021;12(7):520-544
Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and its dysfunction has been linked to various diseases. Autophagy is a membrane driven process and tightly regulated by membrane-associated proteins. Here, we summarized membrane lipid composition, and membrane-associated proteins relevant to autophagy from a spatiotemporal perspective. In particular, we focused on three important membrane remodeling processes in autophagy, lipid transfer for phagophore elongation, membrane scission for phagophore closure, and autophagosome-lysosome membrane fusion. We discussed the significance of the discoveries in this field and possible avenues to follow for future studies. Finally, we summarized the membrane-associated biochemical techniques and assays used to study membrane properties, with a discussion of their applications in autophagy.
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