Objective To study the injurous effect of leukocytes on vital organs of hemorrhagic shock dog and role of leukocyte depletion filter in reducing the injury.Methods A canine model of hemorrhagic shock was established.12 male dogs were divided into blank group,whole blood transfusion group and leukocyte depletion group. Same amount of 0 9% physiological saline,whole blood of the canine itself and filtrated whole blood (i.e. lack of leukocytes) were back transfused respective correspondingly, changes in parameters such as white blood cells counting, LDH, MDA, GOT and the pathological changes in heart, lung, liver and kidney were detected among different treatment groups.Results Higher level of WBC,LDH, AST and MDA were observed in the group with whole blood transfused than in the group of leukocyte-depletion transfused. The pathological changes in liver and kidney indicated more serious injury happened in whole blood group than in the leukocyte-depletion group.Conclusion The Leukocyte depletion filter in itself can definitely alleviate the damages in the canine vital organs when reperfusion is inevitable as a result of hemorrhagic shock.

In regional anatomy the appliance of the methods of problem based learning can cultivate students' practical ability,slimulate their motivity and raise their passion for study.It is also effective to improve their capabilities of self-study,cooperation,as well as analizing and solving problems.

Objective:To test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS).Methods:Totally 166 patients with major depression completed the Chinese version of SHAPS,Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Ⅰ) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17).The validity was tested by using correlation analysis and exploratory factor analysis.The reliability was tested by using internal consistency coefficient and Pearson correlation analysis.Results:The ICCs between three different Scale score were 0.90 and 0.91(Ps ＜ 0.001).Exploratory factor analysis identified 2 common factors,which explained 62.8％ of total variancel.The Cronbach coefficient of SHAPS was 0.94.The test-retest coefficient was 0.91 (P ＜ 0.001).The intercorrelations of 14 items ranged from 0.30 to 0.93 and item-total correlations ranged from 0.61 to 0.79.Conclusion:The Chinese version of SHAPS has good validity and reliability,it could be used to assess anhedonia in Chinese patients with major depression.

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of allogeneic platelet rich plasma (PRP) on collagen in wound surface at different time. Methods: A total of 50 clean 7-week rats were selected for this study, including 10 rats for platelet-rich blood plasma preparation, 20 rats for PRP group and 20 rats for control group, 0.1 ml allogenic PRP and 0.1 ml saline were smeared respectively on wound surfaces of PRP and control group, wound regeneration and healing were examined. Cellular and histological morphology alteration was observed via Masson staining, type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen protein and mRNA expression level were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. T test was applied for comparison between two samples and one-way ANOVA was utilized for comparison between two groups. Results: The wound healing rate of PRP group was higher than that of control group on 3^rd, 6^th, 10^th and 15^th day (30.33±3.35 vs.18.35±2.04, 55.51±2.74 vs.36.83±2.34, 79.64±1.40 vs.56.92±1.44, 86.88±2.12 vs.65.80±1.76) after wound surface formation, there were statistic differences (t=13.66-50.48, all P<0.05). The wound collagen of PRP group form faster and coarser, and the fibers arrayed more densely in Masson staining. The protein expression of type Ⅰ collagen(1.92±0.09 vs.1.18±0.11) and type Ⅲ collagen(1.16±0.05 vs.0.74±0.11) of PRP group were higher than that of control group (t=22.99, P<0.01; t=17.62, P<0.05); the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen(5.17±0.11 vs.1.79±0.18, 6.97±0.09 vs.1.96±0.08, 6.00±0.26 vs.2.10±0.05, 4.95±0.11 vs.3.58±0.09)and type Ⅲ collagen(2.35±0.08 vs.1.44±0.05, 3.08±0.05 vs.1.84±0.06, 3.48±0.07 vs.2.36±0.09, 4.42±0.07 vs.2.77±0.10) were higher than that of control group on 3^rd, 6^th, 10^th and 15^th day after wound surface formation, there were significant differences (t=43.37-188.37, all P<0.05). Conclusion The allogeneic platelet rich plasma may promote fibroblasts secreted collagen by activated and releasing all kinds of growth factors, especially type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen to accelerate the wound healing.

Objective To observe the effect of risperidone on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) in first-episode schizophrenic patients. Methods In the treatment group, 90 first-episode schizophrenics were treated with risperidone for 16 weeks, and the dose of risperidone was (3.79±0.88) mg·d-1. Serum BDNF levels were measured before treatment, at 2, 8, and 16 weeks after treatment. The severity of schizophrenia symptoms was assessed by the positive and negative symptom scale ( PANSS) before and after sixteen weeks of treatment. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured in 90 healthy controls. Results BDNF in the control group was (22.867±6.051) ng·mL-1. The serum BDNF levels before treatment and at the end of week 2, 8, 16 after the treatment in the treatment group were (14.256±4.096), (13.078±3.462), (18.001±5.753), (21.089± 6.692) ng·mL-1 , and the serum BDNF level was significantly lower in the treatment group than that in the control group ( P<0.01) . After the treatment, the level of BDNF in the treatment group decreased at first and then increased, compared with that before treatment, the difference was significantly ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) . The level of BDNF in the treatment group at the end of week 16 was not significantly different from that of the control group ( P>0.05) . After treatment, the total score of PANSS scale and its subscales decreased, the difference was significantly (P<0.01). At the end of week 16, the PANSS subscale reduction rate was positively correlated to the serum BDNF concentration change (r=0.499, P=0.001). The change rate of serum BDNF concentration at the end of week 16 was not correlated with the dose of risperidone (r=0.103, P=0.335). Conclusion BDNF is abnormal in the first episode of schizophrenia, which can be improved by risperidone treatment.