Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

Purpose::Various organizations and institutions are involved in road traffic injury (RTI) and crash registration such as police, forensic medicine organization, hospitals and emergency medical services. But there is a substantial uncertainty in interpreting the data, duplicated data collection and missing data in relation to RTI in most systems. This study aims to identify data sources for RTI surveillance in Iran and to explore traffic safety data source domains, data elements and detailed information by each data source.Methods::This is a qualitative study which was conducted in 2017 in Iran. Data were collected employing semi-structured interviews with informants in road safety organizations in relation to traffic safety including Police, Ministry of Health and Medical Education as well as Forensic Medicine Organization and other authorities-in-charge. For completing the preliminary extraction information, the minimum data set was used and compared in each system.Results::Eight different organizations relevant to road traffic safety were identified. The main domain of data provided by each one consists of Emergency Medical System form, Police KAM114 form, Ministry of Transport and Road Administration, Red Crescent Organization/Disaster Management Information System, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Forensic Medicine Organization, Insurance Company and Ministry of Justice. Each system has its own database, based upon its scope and mainly at crash and post-crash status and little on pre-crash circumstance.Conclusion::All current registry systems are not surveillance systems for RTI prevention. Huge data have been collected in various registry systems in Iran, but most of the collected variables are duplicated in each system. On the other hand, some variables like alcohol and substance abuse, child seat belt, helmet use in relation to RTI prevention are missed in all systems. Accordingly, it is a critical need to integrate and establish a comprehensive surveillance system, with focus on the goal of each system and collection of minimum data in each organization, which currently is underway.