Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of salidroside on tic behavior and in vivo dopamine DA) and serotonin (5-HT) levels in Tourette syndrome (TS) model rats.

METHODSForty rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, the TS model group, the haloperidol-treated group (0.5 mg/kg x d(-1)), and the salidroside-treated group (50 mg/kg x d(-1)), 10 in each group. TS rat model was induced by imino-dipropio-nitrile (IDPN). Peritoneal injection of haloperidol and salidroside was started from the 4th day of modeling in the haloperidol-treated group and the salidroside-treated group respectively. Normal saline was peritoneally injected to rats in the blank control group and the TS model group respectively. Stereotyped behavior was scored, and changes of DA and 5-HT levels in blood and striatum were measured before modeling, after modeling, and after intervention.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, the score of the tic behavior was elevated (P < 0.01) , levels of DA and 5-HT in plasma and striatum were reduced in the model group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the same group after modeling, the tic behavior score decreased and plasma DA levels increased in the two treated groups after intervention (P < 0.01). 5-HT content increased in the salidroside-treated group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group after intervention, the tic behavior score was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), and DA levels in plasma and striatum were elevated (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in the salidroside-treated group and the haloperidol-treated group. Compared with the haloperidol-treated group, the tic behavior score increased (P < 0.01), DA levels in plasma and striatum were lowered (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), the 5-HT level increased in plasma and striatum (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in the salidroside-treated group.

CONCLUSIONSIn the salidroside-treated group, the tic behavior was significantly reduced, and DA levels in plasma and striatum were elevated. Its mechanism might be related to regulating activities of dopamine neurons in striatum.

Animals ; Corpus Striatum ; Dopamine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Haloperidol ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Serotonin ; Stereotyped Behavior ; Tics ; drug therapy ; Tourette Syndrome ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the relationship between the endoscopic characteristics of chronic gastritis,duodenitis,peptic ulcer and their histopathologic findings in children,and explore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection and the severity of histopathologic changes of gastroduodenal mucosa in children. Methods Three hundreds and sixty-six children with chronic upper gastrointestinal symptoms who were examined by gastroscopy were enrolled.The gastric and duodenal mucosal biopsy specimens of all the patients were studied histopathologically. ResultsTypes of chronic gastroduodenal diseases in all these patients were: chronic gastritis(n=206,56.3%),chronic gastritis combined with duodenitis(n=112,30.6%),chronic gastritis combined with peptic ulcer(n=48,13.1%).There was chronic inflammation in gastric mucosa and duodenal bulb mucosa in all the cases examined by histopathologic examination.Hp infection was found in 106 cases(28.96%).The gastric mucosal inflammation was more severe in those with Hp infection than those without(P0.05).The were significant differences in the incidences of inflammation activity,atrophia and nodulus lymphaticus of gastric mucosa between those with Hp infection and those without(P

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on learning and memory capacity and expression of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model.

METHODThe 2-VO method was used to establish sd rat model learning and memory dysfunction induced by chronic cerebral ischemia. The 50 rats in the successfully established model were randomly divided into the model control group, the Dihydroergotoxine Mesylate tablets group (0.7 mg x kg(-1), Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets high dose (7.56 g x kg(-1)), middle dose (3.78 g x kg(-1)) and low dose (1.59 g x kg(-1)) groups and the sham operation group (n = 10) as the control group. The groups were orally given 10 ml x kg(-1) x d(-1) drugs for consecutively 90 days. On the 86th day, Morris water maze was adopted for them. On the 90th day, a leaning and memory capacity test was held. The brain tissues were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and observed for pathomorphism after routine slide preparation and staining. The expression of hippocampal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase was detected with immunohistochemistry and image quantitative analysis.

RESULTCompared with the model group, all of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets groups showed significant decrease in the escape latency at the 5th day in the Morris water maze, and notable increase in the frequency of the first quadrant dwell, the frequency passing the escape platform and the frequency entering effective area (p < 0.05). According to the pathomorphological detection, the control group showed a significantly higher pathological score than the sham operation group (p < 0.01), the middle dose group showed a significantly lower pathological score than the model group (p < 0.05). According to the immunohistochemistical detection, the model control group showed a remarkably lower mean OD value of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase than the sham operation group (p < 0.05), high and middle dose groups showed a significantly higher mean od value than the model control group (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets can improve the learning and memory capacity, reduce pathological changes of hippocampal tissues of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model, and promote the expression of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in hippocampus.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; psychology ; Chronic Disease ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Humans ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tablets ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical curative effect of Kidney tonifying method on retardation of immunosenescence and corresponding experimental study.

METHODSA randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial was used (RCT) on 22 pairs of aged subjects to elucidate the effect of Kidney tonifying recipe on the peripheral T-lymphocyte apoptosis and the Fas/FasL gene expression in them. In rats experimental study, the effects of two kinds of Chinese recipes (Kidney tonifying recipe and blood circulation promoting recipe) on the same parameters as in clinical study as well as on cell apoptosis and gene expression regulation in old rats were also observed.

RESULTSClinical study showed that after treatment, the percentage of T-lymphocyte apoptosis and the FasL gene expression in the Kidney tonifying group of aged subjects were lower than those in the placebo group (P < 0.01). Animal experiment showed the same result as shown in clinical study in Kidney tonifying recipe treated rats, but not shown in those treated with blood circulation promoting recipe statistically.

CONCLUSIONKidney tonifying principle has down-regulating effect on the transcription of apoptotic gene in both aged persons and old rats, this is one of the molecular mechanisms of Kidney tonifying method in decreasing over-apoptosis in aged subjects and old rats.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; drug effects ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Fas Ligand Protein ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; fas Receptor ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo develop a new method for reparation of cleft lip, and to evoke more colleagues for advance practices and study, in order to determine her indication and contraindication as soon as possible.

METHODS48 cases were included into this study. Trilobate flap were designed in floor of nose and lip area in cleft side, rotate two of the three flaps upwards, respectively to elevate the tip of nose, and to reconstruct the floor of nose. As for the left flap, it was derived transversally to opposing side, sutured with the flap of non-cleft-side.

RESULTSWith this technique, less tissue was lost, better vertical lengthening and good formed cuspids-bow was achieved, and the scar was a parallel line being symmetry to the philtrum column opposite. Meanwhile, because the tension was mainly located in the area where there was no mini flaps, the blood supply was good enough, rarely occur any necrosis in the tip of flaps. All cases in this study obtained perfect healing, with good appearance at nostrils and floor of nose.

CONCLUSIONSIn use of the method of trilobate flap, we can draw down the peak of the cuspids bow effectually, hence avoid the addition cut in the lower part of the lip, decrease the scar on skin, as well as nice reconstruction of floor of nose, philtrum column and nostril. Because lack of long term study, we evoke more colleagues for cooperation in advance study.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nose ; abnormalities ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps

AIMTo identify the genes specifically expressed in human adult and fetal testes and spermatozoa.

METHODSA human testis cDNA microarray was established. Then mRNAs of human adult and fetal testis and spermatozoa were purified and probes were prepared by a reverse transcription reaction with mRNA as the template. The microarray was hybridized with probes of adult and fetal testes and spermatozoa. The nucleic acid sequences of differentially expressed genes were determined and homologies were searched in the databases of GenBank.

RESULTSA novel human testis-specific gene, PKH-T, was identified by hybridizing adult and fetal testis and spermatozoa probes with a human testis cDNA microarray. The cDNA of PKH-T was 1 069 bp in length. The cDNA sequence of this clone was deposited in the Genbank (AY303972) and PKH-T was also determined as Interim GenSymbol (Unigene, HS.38041). PKH-T contained most PKH conserved motif. The 239 amino acid sequences deduced from the 719 bp open reading frame (ORF) had a homology with the gene PKH (U89606). PKH-T was specifically and strongly expressed in the testis. Comparison of the differential expressions of PKH and PKH-T in testes of different developmental stages indicated that PKH-T was expressed in the adult testis and spermatozoa, while PKH, in the adult, fetal and aged testes. PKH-T had no expression in the testis of Sertoli cell only and partially spermatogenic arrest patients.

CONCLUSIONPKH-T is a gene highly expressed in adult human testis and spermatozoa. It may play an important role in spermatogenesis and could be related to male infertility.

Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Isoenzymes ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Pregnancy ; Pyridoxal Kinase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA Splicing ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sertoli Cells ; metabolism ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; Testis ; embryology ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVETo investigate the reconstruction of wide vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle defect with satisfactory outcome of aesthetics, sensation, and function.

METHODSThe buccal musculomucosal flap based on the anterior buccal branches of the facial artery was used to reconstruct wide defect of vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle on upper or lower lip.

RESULTS7 patients were treated. 5 cases had no postoperative complication. Partial mucosal necrosis on the tip of the flaps happened in 2 cases, but the underlying muscle survived and was re-mucosalized spontaneously. No other complication was observed. The sensation of cold, heat and touch could be detected on the first postoperative day. Electromyographic and electron microscopic studies confirmed innervation of the muscle in the flap.

CONCLUSIONSThe buccal musculomucosal flap is a reliable reconstruction option for wide defect of vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle which can' t be reconstructed with conventional method. Satisfactory aesthetic and functional results can be achieved with the buccal musculomucosal flap.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek ; Facial Muscles ; pathology ; transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lip ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore a method to repair larger cleft palate and lengthen soft palate without oral palate raw surface and scar formation, reduce the effect on maxilla and dental arch development.

METHODSA modified double opposing Z-plasty was used to lengthen soft palate and the nasal palate was closed by using large turn-over mucoperiosteal flaps on the oral surface of the junction of the hard palate and soft palate, oral raw surface on the palate was closed by a buccal myomucosal island flap.

RESULTSThirty-six palates have been repaired by this procedure, all of which had satisfactory results without flap necrosis, infection, difficulties in opening mouth and facial nerve injury except two post-operative fistulas. Eight patients were followed up and all display complete velopharyngeal closure.

CONCLUSIONSUsing unilateral buccinator myomucosal island flap with double opposing Z-plasty to repair wider palatal cleft can get a satisfactory soft palate lengthening. At the same time it can avoid bone surface exposing and scar formation; it is a safe and reliable procedure.

Adolescent ; Cheek ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and prognosis of villous adenoma with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract.

METHODSClinical and pathologic findings of 3 cases of villous adenoma with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract were analyzed by gross examination, microscopic investigation and immunohistochemical staining. The related literatures were reviewed.

RESULTSAll of the three cases were middle-aged or elderly patients. Three cases all presented with hematuria and mucusuria. Endoscopic examination identified that case 1 had a polyp with broad attachment in the dome of bladder, case 2 had a solid mass in the ureter, and case 3 had a exophytic fungating tumor in the renal pelvis. Microscopically, case 1 revealed a papillary lesion with finger-like processes lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with abundant goblet cells. The cells demonstrated moderate degree dysplasia. In case 2 and case 3, both villous adenomas and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were observed, the adenoma cells arranged in a cribriform pattern, and the tumor cells showed severe atypia, mitotic activity, and transition with invasive poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells in three cases were positive for CK20, CEA,EMA and MUC-1; none of them expressed cdx-2 and PSA; In case 2 and 3, the same immunophenotype of villous adenomas and their associated adenocarcinomas was observed, but the number of the positive cells of p53 and Ki-67 staining were significantly increased in the area of adenocarcinomas than in that of the villous adenomas.

CONCLUSIONSVillous adenoma of the urinary tract is rare. It can occur in the urinary bladder, urachus, renal pelvis, ureter and urethra. These lesions may have malignant potential and frequently coexist with other malignant tumors. So, villous adenoma of the urinary tract should be removed completely and sampled thoroughly to avoid missing a more aggressive component.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenoma, Villous ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Kidney Pelvis ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ureteral Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery