Objective To explore the impact of transformational leadership on nurses'professional quality of life and organizational commitment by hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).Methods A total of 44,6 clinical nurses were investigated with demography questionnaire,professional quality of life questionnaire,organizational commitment questionnaire and transformational leadership questionnaire.Results The transformational leadership had positive predict ability to the nurses'compassion satisfaction,secondary traumatic stress and organizational commitment.The transformational leadership had negative predict ability to burnout.The transformational leadership could adjust the relationship between compassion satisfaction,secondary traumatic stress and organizational commitment.Conclusions The transformational leadership provides theoretical reference for nursing managers to effectively lead the team,increase professional life quality of the nurses,and then improve the level of organizational commitment of the nurses.

Objective To explore the clinical users′experience on using the intelligent laboratory test system so as to provide reference for its optimization.Methods Fifteen laboratory staff with different sub specialty was selected for in-depth interviews and data were analyzed using phenomenological approach.Results Intelligent laboratory system could improve the quality of test result verification and interpretation,shorten the turnaround time and improve the work efficiency.It took about 1-2 months for users to accept the automatic verification function.After that,the users could believe in the system and used it in their daily work.The sys-tem could reduce the work stress and verification duty,while balancing the technical gap between laboratory technicians.Users could only understand the general rule of the intelligent system and it was difficult for them to manage the rule repository.Conclu-sion The intelligent laboratory system is one of the artificial intelligent system used for the medical laboratory,it can provide com-prehensive clinical decision support for the laboratory staff.

The medical consulting service, disease inquiry and seeking medical advice functions of 10 commonly available APP software in China for seeking medical advice, such asRapid Asking Doctors,Handholding Doc-tor Selection, andChunyu Handholding Doctors, were compared, which showed that although the functions of APP software in China for seeking medical advice could meet the requirement of people for seeking medical advice, importance should be further attached to their accurate and integrative information and establishment of profit-making model in order to promote the sustainable development of medical APP software.

OBJECTIVE:To study the in vitro antioxidant activity of chitosan(CTS)degradation derivatives and its preventive effects on drug-induced liver injury fibosis. METHODS:Acid hydrolysis method was used to prepare the CTS degradation deriva-tives CTS-3,CTS-6,CTS-8,CTS-10 for different hydrolysis time(3,6,8,10 h). The viscosity-average relative molecular mass and deacetylation degree of CTS and its degradation derivatives were determined,and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by de-tecting its in vitro scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and superoxide anion (O2-) radicals. Us-ing CTS-10 for in vivo liver injury fibosis prevention test,mice were randomly divided into normal control group(water),model group(water),CTS-10 high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups(100,50,25 mg/mL),8 in each group. Mice were intragastri-cally administrated 0.2 mL,then withdrawal after continuous 24 d. Then levofloxacin hydrochloride was intragastrically given for 7 d to establish drug-induced liver injury model(except for normal control group). Western blot method was used to detect the expres-sions of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)and Decorin protein in liver tissue of mice. RE-SULTS:The viscosity-average relative molecular mass of CTS,CTS-3,CTS-6,CTS-8,CTS-10 were 21.70×104,6.70×104,6.30× 104,5.01×104,4.87×104;and deacetylation degree were 83.44％,74.62％,67.28％,64.83％,54.23％,respectively. All of them had certain scavenging ability on DPPH and O2-,in which,CTS-10 was the strongest(25.47％ and 56.31％). Compared with nor-mal control group,expressions of TNF-α,TGF-β1 and Decorin protein in liver tissue in model group were enhanced (P<0.05). Compared with model group,expressions of TNF-α,TGF-β1 and Decorin protein in liver tissue in CTS-10 medium-dose and high-dose groups were weakened(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The viscosity-average relative molecular mass and deacetylation de-gree of CTS-10 in CTS degradation derivatives are lower with stronger antioxidant activity,and show certain preventive effects on drug-induced liver injury fibosis in mice.

Objective To compare the survival conditions of patients with insulinoma after enucleation of insulinoma or partial resection of pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 99 patients with insulinoma,treated with surgery from May.2003 to Aug.2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 99 patients,38 received enucleation of insulinoma alone and 61 received partial resection of pancreas.The overall data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software.Results Average survival of patients after enucleation of insulinoma (103.3 months) was longer than that of patients after partial resection of pancreas (77.5 months),and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.006).The difference of the incidence of most chronic or temporary complications had no statistical significance between the two groups (P＞0.05),except for new-onset diabetes (P=0.004).Conclusion Enucleation of insulinoma should be firstly recommended for patients with insulinoma in suitable size,which can provide patients with better survival condition.

Objective: To explore the application of18F-lfuorodeoxyglucose (FDG) micro- positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial metabolism imaging for evaluating dilated cardiomyopathy model (DCM) in experimental rats. Methods: A total of 12 male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: DCM group, the rats received intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin at 1.0 mg/kg twice per week and Control group, the rats received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, all animals were treated for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks observation.n=6 in each group. Echocardiography was performed at pre- and post-modeling,18F-FDG micro-PET myocardial metabolism imaging was conducted after modeling and plasma level of BNP was examined as well. Finally, the rats were scariifed to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue. Results: 1 rat died in DCM group and the rest were with successful modeling conifrmed by echocardiography and pathology. Compared with Control group, DCM group showed decreased standard uptake value of18F-FDG (1.23 ± 0.55) vs (6.65 ± 0.41),P<0.01; the standard uptake value of18F-FDG was negatively related to left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (R=-0.709,P=0.015), LVESD (R=-0.924, P=0.000) and plasma level of BNP (R=-0.948,P=0.000), while positively related to LVEF (R=0.968,P=0.000) and fractional shortening (R=0.863,P=0.001). Conclusion:18F-FDG micro-PET myocardial metabolism imaging combining echocardiography, biochemical and pathological examinations may evaluate DCM modeling in rats, which provide a non-invasive and intravital tool for small animal experiment.

Objective To study the imaging characteristics of vesical leukoplakia under the cys-toscope imaging system. Methods The characteristics of vesical leukoplakia were observed under the cystoscope imaging system in 556 cases. After anti-infection treatment to these patients, the chan-ges of the characteristic under the cystoseope imaging system were re-observed and compared before and after treatment. SPSS 11.0 software package x2 teat for statistical analysis was used. Results Under the cystoscope imaging system, there were four different imaging manifestations in the 556 pa-tients. These were, from mild to severe, congestive type in 42 cases, spots type in 56 cases, thin macular type in 399 cases and thick macular type in 59 cases. One type could transform to another af-ter anti-infection treatment. When reexamination by the cystoscope, 131 cases got improved, 304 cases had no changes and 121 cases were aggravated. Statistical analysis showed the transformation among the 4 types had significant difference (x2 = 130.92, v=6, P<0.001). From congestive type to spots type, thin macular type and thick macular type, after anti-infection treatment, the ratio of improved cases decreased gradually, however the ratio of aggravated cases and cases without changes increased gradually. Conclusion Vesical leukoplakia could be classified into 4 types initially: congestive type,spots type, thin macular type, thick macular type. The different clinical treatments should be provid-ed.

Objective To investigate relationship among Brachial-ankle pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV),Homocysteine (Hcy),Serum Matrix Metallopro Teinases-9 (MMP-9) and coronary heart disease.Methods Sixty-six cases of patients diagnosed as coronary heart disease according to the coronary angiography showed any one of the main coronary arteries (left main,left anterior descending,left circumflex artery,right coronary artery) diameter stenosis≥ 50％ were selected into coronary heart disease from June 2009to March 2011 hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical Cardiology.And 40 cases of healthy people who had medical examination over the same period were selected into the normal control group.The 66 cases of patients were further divided into single-branch-affected group (n =18),two-branchaffected group(n =25) and multi-branch-affected group (n =23) according to the branches of coronary artery pathological changes shown in coronary angiography.Detected and compared baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 among these groups.Results The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in coronary heart disease group were significantly higher than those in the control group (baPWV:(2132 ±240) cm/s vs (1360 ±81) cm/s,t =23.97,P ＜0.01 ;Hcy:(14.32 ± 5.20) μmol/L vs (6.50 ± 1.40) μmol/L,t =11.54,P ＜ 0.01 ; MMP-9:(768.0 ± 95.3) μg/L vs (228.0 ±56.2) μg/L,t =36.69,P ＜0.01) ;The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in multi-branch-affected group were significantly higher than those in single-branch-affected and two-branch-affected group; The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in two-branch-affected group were higher than those in single-branch-affected group (baPWV (2041 ±168) cm/s vs (1873 ± 150) cm/s vs (1560 ± 172) cm/s,F =45.36,P ＜0.01 ;Hcy:(21.31 ±6.30) μmol/L vs (15.32 ± 5.80) μmol/L vs (10.50 ± 3.20) μmol/L,F =36.18,P ＜ 0.01 ;MMP-9:(1042.0 ± 180.2) μg/L vs (940.0 ± 175.8) μg/L vs (723.0 ± 102.2) μg/L,F =41.06,P ＜ 0.01).The serum MMP-9 was significantly positive correlated with baPWV and Hcy (r =0.630,P ＜0.01 ;r =0.351,P ＜0.05) ;The Hcy was significantly positive correlated with baPWV (r =0.475,P ＜ 0.05) in the coronary heart disease group.Conclusion The baPWV,Hey and MMP-9 were related with the degree of artery stenosis in coronary heart disease.Combined detection of these three markers can be used to assess the risk of coronary heart disease.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of 24 cases of primary ureteral cancer treated from January 1990 to March 2005 was performed.The diagnostic value of ultrasound,IVU,CT,MRU and the patients' outcomes were reviewed. There were 19 males and 5 females aged 38-72 years(mean,59 years).The tumors were on the left side in 16 cases and on the right in 8.Of the 24 cases,17(71%)had gross hematuria and 7(29%)had micro- scopic hematuria.Urine cytology was performed in 16 cases with a positive rate of 6.3%.B-ultrasonic exami- nation showed hydronephrosis in 19 cases(79%)and low-echo space-occupying disease of middle-inferior ureter in 3(12%).IVU demonstrated hydronephrosis in 20 cases(83%)and filling defect of the diseased ureter in 3(12%).Retrograde pyelography showed filling defect of the diseased ureter in 16(76%)of 21 cases(5 cases had failure of intubation).CT scan was performed in 20 cases,indicating thickening of the ureteral wall and infiltration of the cancer in 14(70%).In 3 cases who had undergone spiral CT thin layer scan and 1 of 3 cases who had undergone MRU,the definite diagnosis was made.Results All the 24 pa- tients underwent surgical treatment.Among them,nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff or partial resection were performed in 18 cases,and nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy in 6 cases.Postoperative pathology showed transitional cell carcinoma in 23 cases,and adenoma in 1.Of the 14 cases during 1990-1999 peri- od,1,5,3,2,2 and 1 cases had survival time of 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 years,respectively.Of the 10 cases during 2000-2005 period,3 were lost to follow-up;2 survived for 3 years and 2,for 1 year;the other 3 who have survived near 5 years have been followed till now.Conclusions IVU and retrograde urography are the most common diagnostic measures for primary ureteral cancer.They can be used in combination with other imaging study to reduce missed diagnosis rate.The 5-year survival rate was lower because of late pathologic stage of the tumors in the patients of this series.

Using MS as basic medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg · L(-1) IBA, the adventitious roots of Tripterygium wilfordii were induced, and the good adventitious root culture system was established by leaves or callus induced by leaves as explants. The adventitious roots were also induced with 2.0-4.0 mg · L(-1) NAA and the good adventitious root culture system established by using suspension cells from callus as materials to induce adventitious root. The content of triptolide of three adventitious roots culture system were exceeded in the natural root bark. The content of triptolide of AR3 adventitious roots was the highest about 5.3 times as that in the natural root bark. By using 5 L stirred fermentor during pilot enlarge cultivation, compared with 250 mL flask cultivation, the adventitious roots increment and secondary metabolites content per liter medium showed no significant difference. The accomplishment of this analysis laid a foundation by tissue culture production of the secondary metabolites of T. wilfordii.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Plant Growth Regulators ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tripterygium ; growth & development ; metabolism