Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infection due to its intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. In the host,glutathione(GSH) ,one of the most important intracellular antioxidants,provides protection against high levels of oxidative stress. A decrease in GSH levels in tissues infected with P. aeruginosa has been observed while interactions between pyocyanin and GSH maybe partially attribute to P. aeruginosa infection. In this review,the relationship between GSH and the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa has been discussed based on the author's own research results and the latest literature.

AIM: To investigate whether there was nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit α 7 (nAChR α 7 ), choline acetyltransferase(ChAT), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) expression and its regulation in mature dendritic cells (DCs). METHODS: Bone marrow(BM) -derived DCs from healthy BALB/c mice were incubated with rmGM -CSF and rmIL-4, and stimulated to mature with LPS. Meanwhile, light microscope and flow cytometry were used to identify DCs, as well as immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and RT - PCR methods were used to dectect expression of nAChR α 7, ChAT and AChE. Flow cytometry was also used to analyze nAChR α 7 expression with mecamylamine (MEC) in 12 h. RESULTS: Both protein and mRNA expression of cholinergic system nAChR α 7, ChAT and AChE were found in mature DCs. Furthermore, nAChR α 7 distributed principally in cell membrane, while ChAT and AChE in cytoplasm. Protein expression of AChE was stronger as compared with ChAT ( P ＜ 0. 05), and there was a trend toward increasing as compared with nAChR α 7. And then, the expression of nAChR α 7 was down regulated by MEC as compared with the group without MEC stimulation(P ＜ 0. 05 ). CONCLUSION: An innate cholinergic system was in mature DCs, which was affected by extrinsic factor ( i. e. , MEC). And it may be involved in anti - inflammation immune adjustion of cholinergic closed - circuit.

To investigate the application of a recently developed metallic oxide semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET)detector for use in vivo desimetry.Methods The MOSFET detector was calibrated for X-ray beams of 8 MV and 15 MV,as well as electron beams with energy of 6,8,12 and 18 MeV.The dose linearity of the MOSFET detector was investigated for the doses ranging from 0 up to 50 Gy using 8 MV X-ray beams.Angular effect was evaluated as well in a cylindrical PMMA phantom by changing the beam entrance angle every 15?clockwise.The MOSFET detector was then used for a breast cancer patient in vivo dose measurement, after the treatment plan was verified in a water phantom using a NE-2571 ion chamber,in vivo measurements were performed in the first and last treatment,and once per week during the whole treatment.The measured doses were then compared with planning dose to evaluate the accuracy of each treatment.Results The MOSFET detector represented a good energy response for X-ray beams of 8 MV and 15 MV,and for electron beams with energy of 6 MeV up to 18 MeV.With the 6 V bias,Dose linearity error of the MOSFET detector was within 3.0% up to approximately 50 Gy,which can be significantly reduced to 1% when the detector was calibrated before and after each measdurement.The MOSFET response varied within 1.5% for angles firm 270?to 90?.However,maximum error of 10.0% was recorded comparing MOSFET response between forward and backward direction.In vivo mea surement for a breast cancer patient using 3DCRT showed that,the average dose.deviation between measurement and calculation was 2.8%,and the maximum error was less then 5.0%.Conclusions The new MOSFET detector,with its advantages of being in size,easy use,good energy response and dose linearity,can be used for in vivo dose measurement.

To evaluate the effect of Hexue mingmu tablets on traumatic hyphema caused by blunt ocular trauma.
●METHODS: Totally 150 patients of traumatic hyphema were divided into seven types by using ultrasound biomicroscopy combining with anterior segment abnormalities, each type was randomly classified as trial group and control group. The trial group was administered Hexue mingmu tablets, control group was treated by hemocoagulase.
●RESULTS: The absorbing time of trial group was shorter than that of the control group. And there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0. 05).
● CONCLUSlON: Hexue mingmu tablets is an effective medicine to treat traumatic hyphema. Ultrasound biomicroscopy can be used as a routine examination method in traumatic hyphema.

Objective To detect anti-clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM)-140 antibody in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or CADM,and to estimate its clinical correlation.Methods Serum samples were collected from 22 patients with DM,16 patients with CADM,46 patients with other connective tissue diseases complicated by interstitial lung disease(including 8 cases of polymyositis,15 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus,5 cases of systemic sclerosis,6 cases of Sj(o)gren syndrome,6 cases of mixed connective tissue disease,6 cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis),and 5 normal human controls.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed with the recombinant melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5(rMDA)as a substrate to measure the anti-CADM-140 antibody in these serum samples.Clinical manifestations were compared between patients with anti-CADM-140 antibody and those without.Results The anti-CADM-140antibody was found in 43.8% (7/16) of patients with CADM and 9.1%(2/22) of patients with DM(P<0.05),but absent in the patients with other connective tissue diseases and in the normal human controls.A significant incroase was observed in anti-CADM-140 antibody-positive patients with DM/CADM in the incidence of cutaneous ulceration and necrosis,interstitial lung disease and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (8/9 vs.6.9%,P<0.01;9/9 vs.48.3%,P<0.01;5/9 vs.0,P<0.05),serum lactate dehydrogenase level(328.3±104.2 vs 241.1±100.3 IU/L P<0.05),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(40.8±23.1 vs.22.5±16.8 mm/1 h,P<0.05),high resolution computed tomography score(122.9±54.8 vs.70.0±59.8,P<0.05)compared with anti-CADM-140 antibody-negative patients with DM/CADM.The ereatine kinase level was significantly lower(156.3±260.8 vs.1806.2±3737.1 IU/L P<0.05)in anti-CADM-140 antibody-positive patients with DM/CADM than in anti-CADM-140 antibody-negative patients with DM/CADM,while no significant difference was noted in the positivity rate of antinuclear antibodies or incidence of malignancies between the antibody-positive and-negative patients with DM/CADM.Conclusions Anti-CADM.140 antibody not only is useful for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in patients with DM/CADM,but also may serve as a serum marker for rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.Monitoring of serum anti-CADM-140 antibody might help to predict the progression of interstitial lung disease in patients with DM/CADM.

AlM:To understand the effect on comprehensive ability of“Teaching-learning transaction” professional education of ophthalmic postgraduates which involving the teachers and students to participate in, and to explore new education model for ophthalmic postgraduate.METHODS:We carried out retrospective investigation questionnaire in the 31 ophthalmic postgraduates of Luzhou Medical College 2010 ~ 2014 grade and the 47 medical staffs of Department of Ophthalmology of the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, to clarify the new professional education model whether could improve the comprehensive ability of ophthalmic postgraduates or not. RESULTS: Carrying out the “ Teaching - learning transaction” professional education could improve the comprehensive ability of ophthalmic postgraduates.CONCLUSlON: Putting teaching and learning together can improve and promote each other, and it is helpful to cultivate comprehensive ability of ophthalmic postgraduates.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the changes of mitochondrion DNA (mtDNA) sequence in articular chondrocytes of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and to clarified the pathogenetic mechanism of osteoarthritis. METHODS: We analyzed the mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion mutations of articular chondrocytes in 10 patients with osteoarthritis and 3 normal cartilages using the gap-PCR amplification method. We designed a two round PCR detection method, in which total DNA was isolated from articular chondrocytes as the template of the first round PCR reaction and products from the first round were the template in the second round reaction. RESULTS: The results of the first rounds of PCR reaction showed the mtDNA 524 bp amplified products in the osteoarthritis group and in the corresponding peripheral blood samples were not detected, but the 533 bp products were detected. However,the results of the second round reaction revealed that the 524 bp zones were detected in 2 of the 10 osteoarthritis patients and the corresponding peripheral blood samples were not detected. The 533 bp products were detected in all specimens. The mtDNA 524 bp amplified products in all the normal articular chondrocytes and the corresponding peripheral white blood cells contrast were not detected in both rounds PCR. CONCLUSION This was the first study to evaluate the mtDNA 4799 bp large fragment deletion mutational accumulation between nt8,470 - nt13,447 of articular chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage. Osteoarthritis may be related to mtDNA mutation of articular chondrocytes.
Adult ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; Osteoarthritis, Hip ; genetics ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of degradation time and permeability of polymeric conduits on nerve regeneration.

METHODSAfter establishment of rat models with over 10 mm gap of sciatic nerve in right hind legs,four kinds of poly (ester, carbonate) nerve conduits was used to bridge the gaps and one group without conduit in gaps was used as control. The nerve regeneration and conduit degradation were examined both macroscopically and microscopically. The contraction of the muscle controlled by regenerated nerve was measured electrophysiologically at 4, 12 and 20 weeks after the operation.

RESULTBiodegradation time of nerve conduits in vivo was as fellows: 12 weeks in group A,4 weeks in group B and group C,and 20 weeks in group D,respectively. The histological quality of regenerative sciatic neurofibra in group A was the best among all groups (Mean rank 53.17, 38.83, 26. 60, 49.17 and 20.23,P<0.005), but the inflammatory reaction in group A was only less than that in group D and more than that in the other groups (Mean rank 45.87, 36.27, 34. 83, 51.63 and 21.4,P=0.001). The responsive rates of tibialis anterior muscle for electric stimulation in group A, B, C and D were 93.33%, 60%,20% and 73. 33%, respectively (P<0.005).

CONCLUSIONAbsorbable conduits with relatively good permeability and appropriate middle degrade time improve nerve regeneration and renovate function.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; Peripheral Nerves ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation.

METHODSEighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D according to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade III dislocation and 3 cases of Grade II. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.

RESULTSThere were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-anterior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neurological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe study suggests that anterior combined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.

Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; complications

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of mammography in breast cancer screening in Asian women.

METHODS8718 community women in Chengdu were examined by mammography during the routine physical examination from Mar. 2002 to Sep. 2007. Pathological diagnosis and following up results were used as the gold standards for X-ray-positive and -negative findings. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnosis odds ratio were calculated as accuracy indexes. Large scale follow-up studies of breast cancer screening in community in Asian women were collected to evaluate the pooled accuracy of mammography. Diagnosis meta-analysis was conducted with Meta-Disc software to estimate the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR, and draw the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC).

RESULTSThe data of seven studies were included with a total of 223 619 women received mammography for screening breast cancer. The sensitivity (95%CI) and specificity (95%CI) of mammography of community-based follow-up study in Chengdu were 0.889 (0.741 - 0.970) and 0.991 (0.987 - 0.993), respectively. Referring to meta-analysis, random effects models were adopted due to existed heterogeneity among studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR with their 95% confidence intervals were 0.845 (0.821 - 0.870), 0.930 (0.929 - 0.931) and 117.271 (65.060 - 211.412), respectively. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of SROC was 0.9144.

CONCLUSIONDue to its high accuracy, mammography deserves to be recommend in breast cancer screening in Asian women.

Adult ; Aged ; Area Under Curve ; Asia ; epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Odds Ratio ; Sensitivity and Specificity