BACKGROUND:Growth differentiation factor-5 can induce adipose-derived stem cels into chondrocytes in our previous studies, but it has not been reported that the adipose-derived stem cels induced by growth differentiation factor-5 can differentiate into chondrocytes on the type I colagen scaffold. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the chondrogenic differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cels induced by growth differentiation factor-5 cultured on the type I colagen scaffold. METHODS:Adipose derived stem cels were isolated from rabbit adipose tissue, the cels morphology was observed using inverted phase contrast microscope and the phenotypes were identified using immunofluorescence. The exogenous growth differentiation factor-5 was added to the cultural media with the type I colagen scaffold so as to induce the chondrogenic differentiation. The cels morphology was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and scanning electron microscope after the induction by growth differentiation factor-5 for 14 days. Meanwhile, the type II colagen and aggrecan mRNA expressions of the induced cels were measured using RT-PCR after the induction by growth differentiation factor-5 for 7, 14, and 21 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The primary cultured adipose-derived stem cels proliferated adherently with the fusiform and polygonal distribution under inverted phase contrast microscope. The positive CD44, CD49d and negative CD106 were detected by immunofluorescence. The adipose-derived stem cels induced by growth differentiation factor-5 were wel adhered to the type I colagen scaffold and strongly proliferated. The large amounts of extracelular matrix existed on the surface of the induced cels under scanning electron microscope. RT-PCR agarose gel electrophoresis indicated that the type II colagen and aggrecan mRNA expressions of the adipose-derived stem cels induced by growth differentiation factor-5 with the type I colagen scaffold were significantly increased. Growth differentiation factor-5 can successfuly induce the chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cels cultured on the type I colagen scaffold.

Acid/base mutants of glycosidases, namely thioglycoligases, are able to catalyze thioglycosides synthesis. Now, many thioglycoligases, including ?-thioglucoligase, ?-thiomannoligase, ?-thiogalactoligase, ?-thioxyloligase and ?-thioglucoligase, have been developed from bacteria and archaebacteria, and applied in synthesizing various thioglycoligases. Recently, thioglycoligases have been used to glycosylate the glycoprotein and firstly generate the thioglycoprotein. The novel extended synthetic function of glycosidases would promote the development of glycobiology, biotechnology and pharmacy.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of urine paraquat (PQ) concentrations combined with poisoning time and creatinine clearance rate (CCr) on prognosis of patients with acute paraquat poisoning (APP). Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted. Clinical data of 96 patients with APP admitted to Department of Emergency of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from March 2014 to May 2016 were analyzed. The gender, age, body weight, urine PQ concentrations (determined by semi-quantitative colorimetric method), poisoning time (time from oral poison to urine detection) and CCr of patients were collected, and poisoning index (poisoning index = urine PQ concentrations × poisoning time/CCr) and simplified poisoning index (simplified poisoning index = urine PQ concentrations × poisoning time) were calculated. The patients were divided into death group and survival group according to 2-month outcome after poisoned with clinical data and telephone follow-up. The urine PQ concentrations, poisoning index, and simplified poisoning index between the two groups were compared. Binary classification logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting prognosis. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) and diagnostic test were used to analyze the prognostic value of the parameters. Results Compared with survival group, the urine PQ concentrations [mg/L: 30.00 (10.00, 100.00) vs. 10.00 (3.00, 10.00)], poisoning index [mg·h-1·μmol-1: 12.72 (1.86, 33.75) vs. 0.56 (0.18, 1.12)], and simplified poisoning index [mg·h-1·L-1: 600.00 (150.00, 1 000.00) vs. 60.00 (18.00, 120.00)] in death group were significantly increased (all P < 0.01). It was shown by logistic regression analysis that both urine PQ concentrations [odds ratio (OR) = 1.046, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.006-1.087, P = 0.022] and poisoning index (OR = 1.353, 95%CI = 0.029-1.815, P = 0.031) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with APP. It was shown by ROC curve and diagnostic test that the poisoning index had greater area under ROC curve (AUC was 0.902) for evaluating the prognosis of patients with APP. When the best cut-off value was greater than 1.23 mg·h-1·μmol-1, the sensitivity was 90.91%, and the specificity was 73.08%. The AUC of urine PQ concentrations for evaluating the prognosis was 0.759. When the best cut-off value was greater than 20.00 mg/L, the sensitivity was 63.64%, and the specificity was 76.92%. The AUC of simplified poisoning index for evaluating the prognosis was 0.846. When the best cut-off value was greater than 135.00 mg·h-1·L-1, the sensitivity was 81.82%, and the specificity was 76.92%. Conclusion The poisoning index calculated with urine PQ concentrations combined with poisoning time and CCr has prognostic value for prognosis of APP patients, and the prognostic value of poisoning index is greater than that of the urine PQ concentrations alone.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging

75% compared with the pre-embolism;the intra-operative bleeding ranged 500 to 2000 ml and averaged 810 ml;the surgical removal was successful;the tumor cell necrotic rate was 91% to 95% through post-operative sample pathological examination;and the painful remission rate was 95% to 100%.No severe complications occurred in this series.Conclusion The pre-operative chemotherapy and SAE for spinal tumor are effective,simple,safe and reliable methods

Objective To assess the therapeutic effects of activated charcoal on the acute dichlorvos poisoning in rats. Method Thirty male clean grade Wistar rats were randomly (random number) divided into three groups: control group (group A, n = 10), single dose activated charcoal group (group B, n = 10) and multi-dose activated charcoal (group C, n=10). The rats of group A were suffered from 35 mg/kg dichlorvos exposure by oral without activated charcoal and senna. The rats of group B received 35 mg/kg dichlorvos exposure by oral with 175 mg/kg activated charcoal given immediately after dichlorvos exposure and 35 mg/kg senna given half an hour later. In the group C, 35 mg/kg dichlorvos was given to rats by oral with 175 mg/kg activated charcoal given immediately after dichlorvos exposure and 35 mg/kg senna given half an hour later and then every four hours. Blood samples were collected from the carotid artery at different intervals after exposure. DDVP concentration and total blood acetyl-cholinesterase activity were detected. Differences in serum DDVP concentration, Cmax, AUC (0→∞ ), MRT and acetylcholinesterase among three groups were calculated by using ANOVA. Results Serum DDVP levels in single dose group and in multi-dose group were significantly different from those in control group (P < 0.05). The DDVP levels in multi-dose group were significantly different from those in single dose group 4 hours after exposure (P < 0.05). The AUC and Cmax in activated charcoal treatment groups were significantly different from those in control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in MRT among three groups. Fours hours after exposure to dichlorvos,the levels of serum acetylcholinesterase in rats of group B and group C were significantly different from that in rats of group A (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in acetylcholinesteras between group B and group C (P > 0.05). Another four hours later, no differences in acetylcholinesterase were found a-mong three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions The peak concentrations of dichlorvos in blood are lower in group B and group C, and the blood acetylcholinesterase inhibition is quelled by activated charcoal. Therefore, the effects of multi - dose of activated charcoal is better than that of single dose of activated charcoal.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To study the protective effects of cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 on rat acute lung injury induced by paraquat (PQ).METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=72) were randomly divided into 4 groups.PQ group:PQ was administered intraperitoneally at the dose of 20 mg/kg;Low-dose JWH133 pretreatment group ( L-JWH133 group):JWH133 (5 mg/kg, ip) was administered 1 h before PQ exposure;high-dose JWH133 pretreatment group ( H-JWH133 group):JWH133 (20 mg/kg, ip) was administered 1 h before PQ exposure;control group:1 mL sa-line was administered intraperitoneally.Arterial blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were collected at 8 h, 1 d and 3 d after PQ exposure.PaO2 and the levels of TNF-αand IL-1βin BALF were measured via blood gas analyzer and ELISA, respectively.The pathological changes and lung injury scores were assessed at 3 d after PQ expo-sure.NF-κB and AP-1 protein levels were also determined by Western blotting.RESULTS:The decrease in PaO2 , struc-tural injury of the lung tissues, interstitial pulmonary edema, and the increase in IL-1βand TNF-αin BALF were observed in PQ-treated rats compared with control group.JWH133 pretreatment reduced the degree of lung tissue injury, decreased the levels of IL-1βand TNF-αin BALF and the NF-κB and AP-1 protein expression in the lung tissue compared with PQ group, especially in H-JWH133 group.CONCLUSION:CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 inhibits NF-κB and AP-1 protein expression in the lung tissues, and reduces the secretion of IL-1βand TNF-αin BALF after paraquat exposure, thus atten-uating paraquat-induced acute lung injury.

Animals ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Th1 Cells ; cytology ; Th2 Cells ; cytology

Oligosaccharides are one of the essential physiological constituents of glycoproteins and glycolipids on mammalian cell surfaces and microbial metabolites. They have considerable potential as therapeutics but are only now slowly assuming this important role. One of the reasons for their slow development has been the considerable difficulty in synthesizing oligosaccharides on the scale necessary for their clinical evaluation. Classical chemical and enzymatic methods both have limitations in synthesizing large-scale oligosaccharides. In recent years, the rapid progress on molecular biotechnology has promoted the development of retaining glycosidases in oligosaccharides synthesis, which led to the production of a novel class of enzymatic activities termed the glycosynthases. These new enzymes are retaining glycosidase mutants in which the catalytic nucleophile has been converted to a non-nucleophilic residue,synthesizing oligosaccharides in high yields ( the highest yields reach 99%) without any hydrolysis. Furthermore thioglycoligases and thioglycosynthases have been developed subsequently in the past three years. Glycosynthases can be screened in high-throughput assay by the two-plasmid system and the yeast three-hybid system respectively. Their activity can be significantly enhanced by substituting alternative residues for nucleophile, additional random mutations and optimizing reaction conditions. Their regioselectivity can be modified through changes in receptors.

A new method based on adherence of cellulolytic bacteria to insoluble cellulose for isolation and purification of thermophilic cellulolytic anaerobes was reported, in which Hungate anaerobic operating techniques were used to roll tubes with insoluble cellulose powder as substrate.