Child ; Electroacupuncture ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Electrolysis ; Equipment Failure ; Equipment and Supplies ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVE: To explore alcohol pharmacokinetics as well as acetaldehyde level in peripheral blood in human subjects with different ALDH2 genotypes after drinking. METHODS: Venous blood samples of 14 unrelated volunteers were collected. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technology was adopted for DNA extraction and ALDH2 genotyping. The volunteers were asked to drink beer at certain doses. The concentration of alcohol and acetaldehyde were assayed by headspace gas chromatography method at different time. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. RESULTS: According to the results of electrophoresis, 5 people carried ALDH2*1/*1 as wild group and 9 people carried ALDH2*1/*2 as mutation group. The good linear range of alcohol and acetaldehyde were 0-1 570.7 microg/mL and 0-5.1772 microg/mL, respectively. The AUC values of alcohol and acetaldehyde and the t1/2Z value of alcohol were higher in the mutation group than that in the wild group. But the CL/F value of alcohol was lower in the mutation group than that in the wild group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION After the consumption of alcohol, alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism in blood slow down in ALDH2*1/*2 mutation group influenced by the inhibition of enzyme activity, leading to the accumulation of acetaldehyde in peripheral blood, thus reinforcing their effects in the body.
Alcohol Drinking ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/genetics* ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial ; Ethanol/metabolism* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the randomized controlled trials on preventing and treating restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with Chinese medicine adopting the principle of evidence-based medicine (EBM).

METHODSPertinent literatures were retrieved roundly, and scored depending on Jadad Quality Scale. Meta-analysis was applied on the total effect of outcomes reported using RevMan 4. 2 software. Moreover, the sensitivity was analyzed, the publication bias was identified with funnel-plot and the adverse reaction of medicine was reported.

RESULTSAmong the 17 literatures met the inclusion criteria, only two double-blinded trials were appraised as high quality. The analysis on the recurrence rates of restenosis post-PCI and angina pectoris in patients treated with Chinese medicine illustrated that the rates in the treatment group were all lower than those in the control group with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Sensitivity analysis revealed a relatively stable result of the evaluation. Funnel-plot displayed an asymmetrical figure, indicating the possible existence of publication bias.

CONCLUSIONTCM has definite therapeutic effect on preventing and treating restenosis after PCI and reducing the recurrence rate of angina pectoris in patients.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Restenosis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and epidemiology of ESBLs in ceftazidime or cefotaxime-(resistant) clinical Enterobacter cloacae isolates.METHODS Twenty seven ceftazidime or cefotaxime-resistant(nonrepetitive) E.cloacae were collected from 27 patients hospitalized at the Huashan Hospital,Shanghai.PCR and(sequencing) were performed to understand the distribution of ESBLs in E.cloacae;rep-PCR was(performed) to(understand) the epidemiology of ESBLs in E.cloacae.RESULTS CTX-M-3 like(ESBLs) were the most prevalent in our study(48%);this was the first report of VEB-1-like ESBLs in the member of(Enterobacteriaceae) in China,and the first report of the ESBLs VEB-1-like and CTX-M-3-like in an isolate simultaneously;the majority of(ESBLs) producers exhibited the same rep-PCR pattern,but harbored different ESBLs gene.(CONCLUSIONS) In our study,ESBLs have become prevalent in clinical E.cloacae isolates,and become an important factor of E.cloacae isolates resistant to extended-spectrum beta(-lactams).

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of adriamycin combined with hyperthermia on tumor formation and growth of human B lymphoma cell line (Raji) in nude mice.

METHODSTwenty-four BALB/C nude mice were divided into control group (37 degrees celsius;), chemotherapy group (37 degrees celsius;+ADM), hyperthermia group (42 degrees celsius;) and thermochemotherapy group (42 degrees celsius;+ADM), and in each mouse, 5 x 10(6) Raji cells were injected subcutaneously. The time and rate of tumor formation were observed, the tumor diameter was measured every 3 days and the tumor volume calculated to obtain the growth curves of the tumors. Three weeks after tumor formation, all the mice were executed to observe the histopathological changes of the tumor with HE staining.

RESULTSThe time of tumor formation in the control, chemotherapy, hyperthermia and thermochemotherapy groups were 11.2-/+1.7, 20.2-/+2.3, 15.3-/+1.6 and 23.8-/+1.7 days, respectively. Three weeks after tumor formation, the average weight of the tumors were 3.33-/+0.57, 2.26-/+0.28, 2.76-/+0. 26 and 1.73-/+0. 33 g, respectively, and the tumor growth inhibition rate was 48.0% in the thermochemotherapy group.

CONCLUSIONThermochemotherapy can be effective in inhibiting tumor growth and provides an alternative of adjuvant therapy for malignant B cell lymphoma.

Animals ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of surgical hepatic resection ( HR ) and radiofrequency ablation ( RFA ) in treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma of 3-5 cm in diameter.Methods: The databases PubMed, CBMdisc, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were searched for controlled clinical trials on evaluating the efficacy between RFA and HR in treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma of 3-5 cm in diameter published from January 1990 to February 2014.Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality of the studies included.Then the meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.0 software.Results:Eleven controlled clinical trials were included, including one randomized controlled trial and 10 non-randomized controlled trials.A total of 811 patients were involved:404 patients were treated with RFA as the initial treatment and 407 patients with surgical resection.Meta-analysis showed that for a single lesion with diameter of 3-5 cm of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, the 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates in HR group was significantly higher than those in RFA group ( all P<0.05) .There were no significant difference in the 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates and 1-year disease-free survival rate between RFA group and HR group ( P>0.05 ) .For 1-2 nodules with diameters of 3-5 cm of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, the 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates and 5-year overall survival rates in HR group was significantly higher than those in RFA group ( all P<0.05 ) .No significant difference in 1-, 3-year overall survival rates and 1-year disease-free survival rate was found between RFA group and HR group ( P>0.05 ) . For maximum nodule of 3-5 cm of multiple primary hepatocellular carcinoma, the 5-year overall survival rates in HR group was significantly higher than that in RFA group ( all P<0.05 ) .No significant difference in 1-, 5-year overall survival rates was noted between RFA group and HR group ( P >0.05 ) . Conclusion: For primary hepatocellular carcinoma of 3-5 cm in diameter, HR is better than RFA.For the limitation of quality and quantity of included studies, this conclusion needs to be confirmed by more high quality studies.

BACKGROUNDSural neurofasciocutaneous flap has been popularly used as an excellent option for the coverage of soft tissue defects in the lower third of leg, ankle and foot, but its free transplantation has been rarely reported. The objective of our work was to investigate the operative technique and clinical results of repairing the soft tissue defects of hand and forearm with free peroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap.

METHODSBetween May 2006 and March 2007, 10 patients including 7 men and 3 women were treated. Their ages ranged from 22 to 51 years. They presented to emergency with large soft tissue defects of 16 cm x 7 cm to 24 cm x 10 cm in size in hand and forearm after injured by motor vehicle accidents (2 cases) or crushed by machine (8 cases). Thorough debridements and primary treatments to associated tendon ruptures or bone fractures were performed on emergency. And free peroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps were transplanted when the wound areas were stable at 5 to 7 days after emergency treatment. The flaps were designed along the axis of the sural nerve according to the shape and size of the soft tissue defects, with the peroneal perforator above the lateral malleolus as the pedicle and along with a part of the peroneal artery for vascular anastomosis. Then the flaps were harvested to repair the recipient sites with the peroneal artery anastomosed to the radial (or ulnar) artery and the peroneal veins to one of the radial (or ulnar) veins and the cephalic vein respectively. The flap sizes ranged from 18 cm x 8 cm to 25 cm x 12 cm. The donor areas were closed by skin grafts.

RESULTSAll of the 10 flaps survived after surgeries. Marginal necrosis occurred in only 2 cases. The skin grafts survived entirely in the donor sites, and no obvious influence on the donor legs was observed. All of the transplanted flaps presented favourable contours and good functions at 9 to 12 months' follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSPeroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap has favourable appearance, constant vascular pedicle, reliable blood supply, large size of elevation, and minimal influence on the donor site. The free transplantation of this flap offers a satisfactory alternative for repairing the large soft tissue defects of forearm and hand.

Adult ; Female ; Forearm Injuries ; surgery ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; innervation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Jiedu Sangen Decoction (JSD, consisting of Polygonum cuspidatum, Geum Japonicum Thumnb, Radix Actinidiae Chinensis) on the migration capability of colon cancer CT-26 cells were observed, and on expressions of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA).

METHODSThe BALB/C mice were subcutaneously inoculated with colon cancer CT-26 cells (1.2 x 10(6)mL) and then randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the JSD treated group. The effects of three different serums on the migration ability of colon cancer CT-26 cells were observed using Transwell. The expression quantities of TGF-beta1 and MMP-9 in the supernatant of CAFs were detected using ELISA. The mRNA expression quantities of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in CAFs were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.

RESULTSThe number of semi-permeable film cells in the JSD treated group significantly decreased, when compared with the model group, showing statistical significance (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the expressions of TGF-beta1 and MMP-9 in the supernatant of CAFs decreased in the JSD treated group at 24 and 48 h, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in the JSD treated group obviously decreased, showing statistical difference (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJSD could decrease expressions of TGF-beta1 and MMP-9 in the supernatant of CAFs, lower mRNA expressions of alpha-SMA and TGF-beta1, which might be possible mechanisms for inhibiting the migration and invasion of tumor cells.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of sodium alginate gels on marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for repair of spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice.

METHODSIn the present study, effects of different sterilization methods and concentrations of sodium alginate gels were examined. Marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) were isolated from mice and cultured. Cells were cultured with sodium alginate gels and MTT assay was applied to determine the cell viability. Mice spinal cord injury was induced by spinal cord transection. mMSCs were transplanted into the cavity of injured spinal cord with sodium alginate gels. The effects of sodium alginate gel were assessed by BMS scales and immunofluorescence staining for NF-200.

RESULTSCompared with liquid form, solid form sodium alginate gel prepared with high pressure vapor sterilization had a better effect on cell viability. SCI mice treated with 10 % sodium alginate gel and mMSCs achieved higher score in BMS scale as well as higher expression of NF-200 compared with the untreated SCI group.

CONCLUSIONSodium alginate gel prepared with solid form sterilization induces mMSCs proliferation and thus can be used as the carrier of stem cell in treatment of SCI.

Alginates ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gels ; Glucuronic Acid ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hexuronic Acids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis and treatment of ovotesticular disorders of sex development (DSD) in children.

METHODSWe reviewed the clinical data of 9 cases of ovotesticular DSD admitted in our department from 1988 to 2007.

RESULTSThe patients ranged in age from 9 months to 9 years, 7 raised as males and 2 as females. As for the karyotype, 4 cases were 46,XX, 2 were 46,XX/46,XY, 1 was 46,XY, and the other 2 had no karyotype data. All of them presented with obscure external genitalia: perineal or penoscrotal hypospadias with or without cryptorchidism in males and hypertrophy of the clitoris in females. They were diagnosed with ovotesticular DSD by gonad biopsy and underwent genitoplasty.

CONCLUSIONThe gender assignment of the ovotesticular DSD patient was chiefly based on the development of external genitalia, dominant gonad, karyotype and the parent's will. Laparoscopic technology is recommended in gonad biopsy and orchiopexy during the treatment of ovotesticular DSD.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disorders of Sex Development ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sexual Development