Bone Marrow Transplantation ; immunology ; Case-Control Studies ; Haploidy ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; immunology ; Recovery of Function ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous

Carotid Body Tumor ; complications ; Female ; Glomus Jugulare Tumor ; complications ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paraganglioma ; complications

With references of historical materials and modern literature regarding acupoint characteristic, a secondary analysis on the concept, origin, related factors and research methods in present research of acupoint characteristic is performed. The acupoint characteristic should be considered as an acupoint inherent attribute that could explain physiological and pathological manifestations at the same time, including location attribute and function attribute, which is related with time and treatment method. Some re-thinking on acupoint characteristic is proposed as well as advice on further research method and direction, hoping to promote the research development of acupoint characteristic.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

Objective To study the interobserver variabilities and the differential diagnosis value of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System-Ultrasound (BI-RADS-US) lexicon for small ( ≤ 2 cm) breast nodules. Methods Between January 2009 and December 2011, 289 patients with small (≤2 cm) breast nodules (n=317) were included. According to sizes, the lesions were divided into two groups, i.e., 0-1 cm (n=160) group and 1-2 cm (n=157)group. Each lesion was described independently by 3 radiologists using BI-RADS-US lexicon. Interobserver variabilities were assessed by Kappa test. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency difference of the descriptors between malignant and benign lesions. Sensitivity, speciifcity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negtive predictive value were calculated. Results (1)Moderate agreements were obtained for lesion shape, orientation, margin, echo pattern, surrounding tissue and calciifcations (κ=0.44, 0.57, 0.48, 0.43, 0.51 and 0.57) in 0-1 cm group. Substantial agreements were obtained for lesion shape, orientation, margin and echo pattern (κ=0.65, 0.61, 0.64 and 0.63) in 1-2 cm group. (2)Irregular shape, non-parallel orientation, non-circumscribed margin, echogenic halo and microcalciifcations were more frequently found in malignant nodules than in benign nodules in 0-1 cm group [52.3% (34/65) vs 20.0% (19/95), 38.5%(25/65) vs 13.7%(13/95), 75.4%(49/65) vs 32.6%(31/95), 18.6%(12/65) vs 0 (0/95) and 10.8%(7/65) vs 2.1%(2/95);χ2=18.19, 13.08, 28.22, 16.39 and 3.95;P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.047]. Similarly, irregular shape, non-parallel orientation, non-circumscribed margin, echogenic halo, shadowing, changes of Cooper′s ligament and microcalciifcations were signiifcantly more frequent found in malignant nodules than in benign nodules in 1-2 cm group [74.2%(49/66) vs 12.1%(11/91), 36.3%(24/66) vs 5.5%(5/91), 93.9%(62/66) vs 22.0%(20/91), 37.9%(25/66) vs 3.3%(3/91), 30.3%(20/66) vs 7.7%(7/91), 15.2%(10/66) vs 0 (0/91) and 16.7%(11/66) vs 4.4%(4/91);χ2=62.59, 24.21, 79.40, 31.22, 13.73, 12.30 and 6.67;P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.010]. (3)In both groups, a good sensitivity was demonstrated (75.4%&93.9%) when using the non-circumscribed margin as a criterion for malignancy, and high speciifcity was achieved in two groups (80.0%-100%and 87.9%-100%) when other descriptors including irregular shape, non-parallel orientation, echogenic halo, shadowing, changes of Cooper′s ligament and microcalciifcations were used as differentiation criteria. Conclusions Good interobserver agreement can be achieved using the BI-RADS-US lexicon in the diagnosis of small breast nodules. Non-circumscribed margin are proved as the most valuable sign for screening malignant breast lesions ≤ 2 cm. High speciifcity was found for irregular shape, nonparallel orientation, echogenic halo, shadowing, Cooper′s ligament changes and microcalciifcations, which can help biopsy and preoperative diagnosis.

In this paper, three kinds of chemotactic parameters (concentration, temperature and pH) were determined by plate assay and spore germination method to research the chemotactic response of Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria panax, and their spores on total ginsenosides. The results showed that Botrytis cinerea had strong chemotactic response at the mid-concentration of total ginsenosides (cultivation temperature was 20 degrees C and pH value was 6), and the data of chemotactic migration index (CMI) was 1.293 0, chemotactic growth rate (CGR) was 0.476 0, spore germination rate (SGR) was 53%, and dry weight of mycelial (DWM) was 0.452 6 g x L(-1); however, Alternaria panax had strong chemotactic response at the low-concentration of total ginsenosides (cultivation temperature was 25 degrees C and pH value was 6), and the data of chemotactic migration index (CMI) was 1.235 4, chemotactic growth rate (CGR) was 0.537 0, spore germination rate (SGR) was 67%, and dry weight of mycelial (DWM) was 0.494 8 g x L(-1). The results indicated that the low and middle concentration (2, 20 mg x L(-1)) of total ginsenosides had significant promoting effect on chemotactic response of these two pathogens, and the spore germination, mycelial growth rate, dry weight of mycelial of them were also significantly improved by this chemotactic response, whereas it decreased as the increase of total ginsenosides concentration.
Alternaria ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Botrytis ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Chemotaxis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Ginsenosides ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Panax ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; Spores, Fungal ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology

Objective To explore human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)colonization in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)rats brain.Methods Models of 7-day-old newborn rats with HIE brain injury were established.Meanwhile,on the same day,MSCs were transplanted with Hoechst 33258 for 24 hours into rats models marked by flurescent nucleotide dye injected through caudal vein or with stereotactic instrument.After 15-30 days,then MSCs were detected with fluorescene microscope.Results With the improved rice methods,HIE animal model was successfully attained.Majority of MSCs were distributed in the cortex,hippocampus of the lesioned hemisphere,especially in the forehead.And abtained a good fusion with HIE rats brain tissue.Conclusion Human umbilical cord blood MSCs can be cultured,when transplanted into the HIE rats model,they can move into intracranial,and integer with rats brain tissue.

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic hyperglycemia on the proliferation,secretion function and expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) related molecules in pancreatic ? cell line MIN6. Methods MIN6 cells were treated with different concentrations of glucose(5.6,25 and 33.3mmol/L) and were harvested at indicated time(24h and 96h) for examinations.Cell proliferation was tested using CCK-8 solution,insulin and proinsulin secretion function was determined by ELISA,and mRNA expression of ERS related molecules(Total XBP-1,Spliced XBP-1) and protein expression of phosphorylated IRE1? were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively. Results After treatment with hyperglycemia for 96h, cell proliferation was significantly lower than that treated for 24h(P

Central Nervous System Infections ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Male

Objective Data on the leukapheresis from 26 pediatric patients with hematologic or solid malignancies was retrospectively evaluated to screen predictive factors affecting the efficacy of peripheral blood stem cell(PBSC) collection from donors,as well as hematopoietic recovery in recipients.Methods We present our experience with 49 apheresis from 26 granulocyte-colory Stimulating factor mobilized donors and analyzed the correlations between the mobilization,the leukocyte count in the donor peripheral blood and the MNC and CD_(34)~+ cell yields in collecting products and the neutrophil and platelet recovery of recipients.Results The process of mobilization and apheresis were well tolerated by our pediatric donors.The median numbers for harvested MNCs and CD_(34)~+ cells were 4.5?10~8/kg and 1.9?10~6/kg of recipient body weight,respectively.Mobilizing dose positively affected the number of mononuclear ceus(MNC) but not CD_(34)~+ cells in the apheresis products.The CD_(34)~+ cell number in the apheresis product was influenced significantly by donor circulating MNC on the day of harvest and correlated with recipient′s engraftment after PBSC was reinfused.Conclusions The MNC yield was stable and met with the demand for autologous stem cell transplantation while the CD_(34)~+ cell number varies obviously from each donor.Since a rapid engraftment was associated with a high number of CD_(34)~+ cells collected,which was in turn predicted by the level of the pre-apheresis CD_(34)~+ cells in the peripheral blood of donors,it is necessary to monitor the donors′ CD_(34)~+ cell during mobilization to determine the optimal time for apheresis.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2006,21(3):148-150

OBJECTIVETo study osteoblastic phenotype expression of New Zealand rabbit skin fibroblasts transfected with mouse core binding factor a1/osteoblast specific transplanting factor-2 gene (Cbfa1/Osf2).

METHODSCbfa1/Osf2 gene, engineered into eukaryotic expression vector pSG5, was introduced into New Zealand rabbit skin fibroblasts with catholyte liposomes-Lipofectamine 2000. Meanwhile, those transfected pSG5 and un-transfected were set the control groups. The expression of Cbfa1 gene, osteocalcin (OCN) gene, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) gene and pre-peptide 2 alpha gene of collagen type I were detected by RT-PCR assay. Cbfa1 protein was detected by Western-Blot assay, in-cell ALP activity by p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) assay and OCN content in the supernatant by radio-immunity method. The ossification nodules was detected by Alizarin-Red staining and scanning electron microscope.

RESULTSCbfa 1mRNA and Cbfa1 protein were expressed in New Zealand rabbit skin fibroblasts transfected with pSG5-Cbfa1/Osf2 from the first day to the fifth day, but they were not detected in the control groups. In the pSG5-Cbfa1/Osf2 transfected group, the expression of ALP gene and OCN gene were respectively induced from the third day and the forth day, pre-peptide 2 alpha gene of collagen type I was enhanced from the third day. From the sixth day, ALP activity greatly increased, OCN strongly secreted, and they were maintained at a high level for about 4 weeks, and the difference was significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05). On the forty-second day, ossification nodules were found on the surface of pSG5-Cbfa1/Osf2 gene transfected cells.

CONCLUSIONSNew Zealand rabbit skin fibroblasts transfected with pSG5-Cbfa1/Osf2 can express osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, and form ossification nodules on their surface.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; physiology ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Osteocalcin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Osteogenesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection