AIM: To study the protective effect of glutamine (Gln) against endotoxemia by observing the effect of glutamine on heat shock proteins (HSPs) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in endotoxemic rats. METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, lipopolysaccharide group (LPS), glutamine-treated group (Gln) and control group (C). The blood was drawn from lateral tail vein for analysis of cytokine levels at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h post-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. TNF-? was measured by radioimmunity assay. Multiple tissues were harvested from the rats, and HSP70 was detected by immunohistochemistry. At the same time, lung, liver, and ileum tissue section were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS: Gln treatment resulted in marked attenuation of TNF-? expression at 2 h post-LPS injection (P

Objective To observe the influence of triglyceride(TG),hemoglobin(HGB),total bilirubin(TBIL)and rheumatoid factor(RF)on the results of two kinds of D-dimer detection reagent assay.Methods Five samples were prepared into series with 2,4,6,8 and 10 mmol/L triglyceride by adding fat emulsion.Five samples were prepared into series with 1,2,3,4 and 5 g/L of hemolysis degree by adding hemoglobin solution.Five samples were prepared into series with 20,40,60,80 and 100μmol/L total bilirubin by adding bilirubin standard preparation.Ten samples were prepared into rheumatoid factor levels be-tween 0~150 IU/L by adding rheumatoid factor standard solution.Simultaneously with D-dimer detection reagent and D-di-mer HS detection reagent for testing,each sample was measured two times and the results averaged.Results When TG≤2 mmol/L,the D-dimer reagents without interference,and TG≥4 mmol/L,the D-dimer reagents due to “SD baseline data out of range”couldn’t be detected.TG≤10 mmol/L,for D-dimer HS reagents was without interference.When HGB≥1 g/L, the D-dimer reagents due to“SD baseline data out of range”couldn’t be detected.HGB≤4 g/L,for D-dimer HS reagents was without interference.When hemoglobin levels was equal to 5 g/L,the D-dimer HS reagents test results false increased about 30.4%.With total bilirubin concentration increases,D-dimer and D-dimer HS reagents test results were false increase, showed amplitude by a power law,and the two reagents increased consistency.Preparation a series of pooled plasma of rheu-matoid factor levels in 0~150 IU/L,D-dimer test results reagent falsely elevated levels of rheumatoid factor with a linear correlation (Y=59.31X+50.43,R2=0.998).When RF≤150 IU/L,the D-dimer HS reagents was without interference. Conclusion Triglyceride,hemoglobin,total bilirubin and rheumatoid factor may interfere D-dimer testing process,icterus and severe hemolysis will interfere D-dimer HS testing process.D-dimer HS reagents against interfere exceed D-dimer rea-gents.When D-dimer test results does not match with clinicians determine,the influence ofinterfering substances should be considered.

Background The integration of segregated pathways from the two eyes first appears in V1 neurons,where it not only plays a critical role in the generation of a three-dimensional visual representation.Abnormal visual experiences in critical period usually lead to amblyopia and binocular integration defects.Objective Present study was to investigate how neurons of kitten coordinate their activity patterns in response to synchronous dichoptic stimulus inputs in striate cortex.Methods Spike rate and local field potential(LFP) gamma band(20-90Hz) power of three kitten(1-1.2Kg,8-10 weeks old) to monocular and synchronous dichoptic presented gratings were assessed for 28 binocular neurons in V1 of kitten by in vivo extracellular record method under anaesthesia and paralysis.Ocular dominance index(ODI) and binocular integration index(BII) were assessed and the correlation between these two indexes were analyzed.Results In 28 cells with binocular characteristic,the absolute value of spike-ODI was significant larger than that of LFP-ODI(t=2.606,P=0.021).A positive linear correlation between the ocular preferences of spike and LFP was found(R2=0.513,F=27.423,P=0.003).In dichotic trails,binocular facilitation with BII for spike was 2.348±0.996,showing a significant reduce in comparison with BII for LFP(3.678±1.974)(t=2.671,P=0.019).Binocular integration index for two signals were greater when monocular responses of both eyes were similar(P=0.035 and P=0.124,respectively).Conclusion Both spike rate and gamma band power of LFP exhibited binocular facilitation to synchronous presented dichotic stimuli with significant facilitation induced by balanced monocular responses.Spiking activity and LFP reflect neural activities of different spatial scales and source components.

Objective:To valuate the treatment value and analyse the effect on the cellular immune functions by studying the differences of T-lymphocyte subsets and CD4+CD25+Treg cells in peripheral blood after adoptive immunotherapy ( dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells,DC-CIK) combined with chemotherapy on MM.Methods:50 patients with MM were randomly divided into two groups.24 patients in chemotherapy group were treated by chemotherapy only,26 patients in joint group were treated by adoptive immunotherapy( DC-CIK) combined with chemotherapy,and the clinical outcomes and the levels of T-lymphocyte subsets and CD4+CD25+Treg cells in peripheral blood between two groups were compared.Moreover,the differences of cellular immune indicators (Th1/Th2,the ratio of AgNOR,and TGF-β)between two groups were also compared.Results: After treatment,quality of life,clinical index and survival in joint group were better than in chemotherapy group( P<0.05);the proportion of CD3+CD8+,the ratios of CD4+CD25+,CD4+CD25+/CD4+and the level of TGF-βof joint group wes clearly lower than chemotherapy group(P<0.05),and the ratios of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+, Th1/Th2 and AgNOR of joint group wes clearly higher than chemotherapy group .Conclusion: DC-CIK combined with chemotherapy could be an effective and promising treatment to patients with MM,and it maybe strengthen the anti-tumor action of bodies by regulating the balance between Th1 and Th2 reaction.

BACKGROUND:Clinical infusion of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of aplastic anemia has been reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stems cells on the secretion function of T lymphocytes of aplastic anemia patients. METHODS:Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stems cells were extracted from healthy human adipose tissues. T-lymphocytes were harvested from peripheral blood of patients with aplastic anemia by density gradient centrifugation. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stems cells were co-cultured with T-lymphocytes. The levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10 and interferon-γwere detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. T-bet and GATA-3 levels were examined by real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The levels of Th1 type cytokines interferon-γand interleukin-2 in the co-culture group were significantly lower than those in the T-lymphocyte group (P<0.05). But the levels of Th2 type cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 in the co-culture group were significantly higher than those in the T-lymphocyte group (P<0.05). The T-bet mRNA and protein levels in the co-culture group were significantly lower than those in the T-lymphocyte group, while the GATA-3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in the co-culture group. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stems cells can mediate an immunoregulation effect on T-lymphocytes of aplastic anemia patients in vitro, which is possibly related with the inhibition of Th1-dominant response due to the disorder of T-bet and GATA-3 gene expression.

Using MS as basic medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg · L(-1) IBA, the adventitious roots of Tripterygium wilfordii were induced, and the good adventitious root culture system was established by leaves or callus induced by leaves as explants. The adventitious roots were also induced with 2.0-4.0 mg · L(-1) NAA and the good adventitious root culture system established by using suspension cells from callus as materials to induce adventitious root. The content of triptolide of three adventitious roots culture system were exceeded in the natural root bark. The content of triptolide of AR3 adventitious roots was the highest about 5.3 times as that in the natural root bark. By using 5 L stirred fermentor during pilot enlarge cultivation, compared with 250 mL flask cultivation, the adventitious roots increment and secondary metabolites content per liter medium showed no significant difference. The accomplishment of this analysis laid a foundation by tissue culture production of the secondary metabolites of T. wilfordii.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Plant Growth Regulators ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tripterygium ; growth & development ; metabolism

Objective To investigate relationship among Brachial-ankle pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV),Homocysteine (Hcy),Serum Matrix Metallopro Teinases-9 (MMP-9) and coronary heart disease.Methods Sixty-six cases of patients diagnosed as coronary heart disease according to the coronary angiography showed any one of the main coronary arteries (left main,left anterior descending,left circumflex artery,right coronary artery) diameter stenosis≥ 50％ were selected into coronary heart disease from June 2009to March 2011 hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical Cardiology.And 40 cases of healthy people who had medical examination over the same period were selected into the normal control group.The 66 cases of patients were further divided into single-branch-affected group (n =18),two-branchaffected group(n =25) and multi-branch-affected group (n =23) according to the branches of coronary artery pathological changes shown in coronary angiography.Detected and compared baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 among these groups.Results The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in coronary heart disease group were significantly higher than those in the control group (baPWV:(2132 ±240) cm/s vs (1360 ±81) cm/s,t =23.97,P ＜0.01 ;Hcy:(14.32 ± 5.20) μmol/L vs (6.50 ± 1.40) μmol/L,t =11.54,P ＜ 0.01 ; MMP-9:(768.0 ± 95.3) μg/L vs (228.0 ±56.2) μg/L,t =36.69,P ＜0.01) ;The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in multi-branch-affected group were significantly higher than those in single-branch-affected and two-branch-affected group; The baPWV,Hcy and MMP-9 in two-branch-affected group were higher than those in single-branch-affected group (baPWV (2041 ±168) cm/s vs (1873 ± 150) cm/s vs (1560 ± 172) cm/s,F =45.36,P ＜0.01 ;Hcy:(21.31 ±6.30) μmol/L vs (15.32 ± 5.80) μmol/L vs (10.50 ± 3.20) μmol/L,F =36.18,P ＜ 0.01 ;MMP-9:(1042.0 ± 180.2) μg/L vs (940.0 ± 175.8) μg/L vs (723.0 ± 102.2) μg/L,F =41.06,P ＜ 0.01).The serum MMP-9 was significantly positive correlated with baPWV and Hcy (r =0.630,P ＜0.01 ;r =0.351,P ＜0.05) ;The Hcy was significantly positive correlated with baPWV (r =0.475,P ＜ 0.05) in the coronary heart disease group.Conclusion The baPWV,Hey and MMP-9 were related with the degree of artery stenosis in coronary heart disease.Combined detection of these three markers can be used to assess the risk of coronary heart disease.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ) for the assessment of chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN).Methods 48 patients with normal renal function and 50 patients with CAN were checked by color Doppler and VTQ technique.All the results were compared　between two groups.Results Mean VTQ-values were significantly different between the two groups( P ＜ 0.05).ROC curve displayed that VTQ value of 2.51 m/s could be used to diagnose CAN,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 76.0％,52.1％,60.3％ and 65.7％,respectively.The diagnostic efficiency was 62.2％.Conclusions Parenchymal stiffness measured by VTQ is stable and repeatable,which can be used to diagnose patients with CAN and to monitor renal function.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of autologous cryopreserved platelet transfusion in the management of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in hematological malignancy.Methods A total of 40 patients diagnosed as hematological malignancy with complete remission were equally assigned into study group and control group.During chemotherapy interval in the study group,when platelet counts exceeded 120 × 109/L,autologous platelets were collected with CS3000 Cell Separator and cryopreserved at-80℃ with 5％ dimethylsulfoxide.When platelet counts dropped below 15 × 109/L after chemotherapy,autologous platelets were thawed with 40℃ water bath and transfused back to each patient.In the control group,when platelet counts dropped below 15 × 109/L after chemotherapy,allogeneic fresh platelets were transfused.Median loss during the freeze-thaw-wash procedure in study group was observed,and the 1 h,24 h corrected count increments(CCI)were calculated in the both groups.The hemostatic effects and adverse reactions were also observed.Results In the control group,1hCCI and 24hCCI were (19.3 ±6.1)× 109/L and(12.2 ± 7.0)× 109/L,respectively,with the effective rate of 80％ and the transfusion reaction rate of 45％.Totally 20 collection and transfusions were finished in the study group.A total of(3.4-8.5)× 1011 platelet were obtained in each collection.Platelet recovery after freezing and thawing was(73.51 ±9.03)％(62％-83％).1hCCI was(17.4±7.6)× 109/L,24h CCI was(10.5 ±5.8)× 109/L and the effective rate was 85％.There was no significant different between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The transfusion reaction rate was 15 ％,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,adverse reactions were occurred less in the study group.Conclusion This study demonstrates that autologous cryopreserved platelet transfusions can be safely administered for supporting thrombocytopenia in hematological malignancy patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Water-Electrolyte Balance