Objective:To detect the expression of Shank1 protein in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), to investigate its difference between the tumor and carcinoma adjacent tissue, and to analyze its correlation with RCC clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods:The renal carcinoma and carcinoma adjacent tissues of 120 patients were selected from Cangzhou Central Hospital and Ji'nan Central Hospital from May 2008 to December 2014. The expression level of Shank1 was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the expression of Shank1 and the clinicopathological features of RCC patients. Results:Results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression level of Shank1 in renal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in carcinoma adjacent tissue, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the expression level of Shank1 protein in renal cancer tissue was also significantly higher than in carcinoma adjacent tissue. Correlation analysis found that the high expression level of Shank1 in renal cancer tissue was not significantly related to gender, age, tumor size, and TNM stage, but was significantly associated with the histological differentiation of RCC (P<0.05). Conclusion:Shank1 is abnormal y expressed in RCC renal cancer tissues and is correlated with the histological differentiation of RCC.

Objective To investigate the expression of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in urothelial carcinoma tissue and its clinical significance. Methods We investigated the expression of APRIL mR-NA in urothelial carcinoma tissue of 33 patients in urothelial carcinoma in Cangzhou Central Hospital from July 2013 to March 2015, Among of them, 23 cases of adjacent pericancerous tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the APRIL protein expression level in urothelial carci-noma tissue and adjacent pericancerous tissues. We analyzed the relationship between APRIL expression and clinical pathology in patients with urothelial carcinoma by statistical methods. Results The qRT-PCR revealed that the expression of APRIL in urothelial carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the adjacent peri-cancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry and western blot showed that the expression of APRIL in urothelial carcinoma tissue was higher than that in the adjacent pericancerous tissues. Correlation analysis found that the high expression of APRIL in urothelial carcinoma tissue was not significantly related to gender , age , size of tumor, lymph node metastasizing or not, and clinical stages (P > 0.05). Conclusion The APRIL is a high abnormal expression in urothelial carcinoma tissues , and maybe related to the occurrence and development of urothelial carcinoma.

Objective To discuss the mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads. Methods By analysis on mechanostat of bone remodeling and absorption from the idea of mechanical fatigue strength theory, the mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads was developed. Damage was selected as the mechanical stimulus under dynamic loads and the model of bone remodeling under dynamic loads was proposed. Physical exercise for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis was simulated to analyze the biomechanical phenomenon why the osteogenesis effect under dynamic loads seems better than that under static loads. Results The biomechanical phenomenon as mentioned above was reasonably explained. An increase of 10%-30% in physical exercise could cause an increase of 3.13%-8.61% in bone mineral density. Conclusions The mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads will provide theoretical guidance for using mechanical vibration to treat or prevent diseases related to bone metabolism, which is the supplement and improvement for mechanostat of bone remodeling.

Objective To develop a mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at cellular and molecular level. Methods Through analysis of bone remodeling process and mechanical stimulus from an engineering perspective, as well as absorption from the idea of mechanical strength design theory, the equivalent stress as the mechanical stimulus and the appropriate calculation formula of mechanical stimulus based on stress state were selected to propose a mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at the cellular and molecular level. The model was then used to simulate bone remodeling of alveolar bone in orthodontics. Results The reduction of the vascular porosity and increase of bone mass appeared in tensile stress area, while vascular porosity increased and bone mass reduced in compression stress area, which was consistent with the features of alveolar bone. Conclusions The mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at cellular and molecular level considered the effect of stress state on failure forms of bone tissues, embodied bone remodeling as a cellular automaton optimization process under mechanical stimulus, which would contribute to investigating effects of stress state on bone remodeling at the cellular and molecular level. The study is a supplement and improvement of bone remodeling theory and will provide theoretical guidance for treatment of orthodontics.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology

Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.

Airway remodeling is an important pathological feature of asthma and the basis of severe asthma. Proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a major contributor to airway remodeling. As an important Ca(2+) channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) plays the key role in the cell pathological and physiological processes. This study investigated the expression and activity of TRPV1 channel, and further clarified the effect of TRPV1 channel on the ASMCs proliferation and apoptosis in order to provide the scientific basis to treat asthmatic airway remodeling in clinical practice. Immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of TRPV1 in rat ASMCs. Intracellular Ca(2+) was detected using the single cell confocal fluorescence microscopy measurement loaded with Fluo-4/AM. The cell cycles were observed by flow cytometry. MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of ASMCs in rats respectively. The data showed that: (1) TRPV1 channel was present in rat ASMCs. (2) TRPV1 channel agonist, capsaicin, increased the Ca(2+) influx in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=284.3±58 nmol/L). TRPV1 channel antagonist, capsazepine, inhibited Ca(2+) influx in rat ASMCs. (3) Capsaicin significantly increased the percentage of S+G2M ASMCs and the absorbance of MTT assay. Capsazepine had the opposite effect. (4) Capsaicin significantly inhibited the apoptosis, whereas capsazepine had the opposite effect. These results suggest that TRPV1 is present and mediates Ca(2+) influx in rat ASMCs. TRPV1 activity stimulates proliferation of ASMCs in rats.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for premedication in children.MethodsNinety-two ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children (46 cases aged 1-3 yr and 46 cases aged 4-6 yr) scheduled for elective general or urologic surgeries,were enrolled in this study.The children were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =46 each):midazolam group (group M) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).The children accompanied by their parents were admitted to the anesthesia preparation room at about 20 min before induction of anesthesia,and midazolam 0.1 mg/kg òr dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 10 min.Anesthesia was induced with proporol-rocuroniume-remifentanil,and maintained with sevoflurane-remifentanil-rocuroniume.Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) score,sedation score,HR,mean arterial pressure (MAP),respiratory rate (RR) and SpO2 were recorded before premedication (T1),before separation from their parents (T2) and when entering the operating room (T3).The incidence of sleep (a sedation score of 4) was recorded at T2,3.The end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane,infusion rate of remifentanil,laryngeal air way removal time,emergence time,duration of stay at the recovery room,incidence of delirium during recovery period,the percentage of patients requiring rescue analgesic,and adverse effects were also retorded.ResultsCompared to that at T1,the mYPAS score was significantly decreased at T2,3,and the sedation score was significantly increased at T2,3 in both groups ( P ＜ 0.05),HR at T2 and MAP at T2,3 were significantly decreased in group D,and HR at T3 was significantly increased in group M ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared to group M,the sedation scores and the incidence of sleep were significantly increased at T2,3,and the HR was significantly decreased at T2 in group D ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the mYPAS score,RR,MAP,SpO2,end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane,infusion rate of remifentanil,laryngeal air way removal time,emergence time,duration of stay at the recovery room,incidence of delirium during recovery period,the percentage of patients requiting rescue analgesic,and incidence of adverse effects between D and M groups ( P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe sedative efficacy of iv dexmedetomidine is superior to that of iv midazolam when infused for premedication in children,but it exerts much influence on hemodynamics,and the changes in hemodynamics should be noted.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of the SEPT4 protein in the pathogenesis of idiopathic asthenozoospermia.

METHODSSamples of ejaculated sperm from idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients and normozoospermic men were separated and purified by Percoll discontinuous density gradients, the distribution and expression of SEPT4 in the sperm samples were determined by immunocytochemistry, and the expressions of SEPT4 mRNA and SEPT4 protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSImmunocytochemistry showed that the expression of SEPT4, located in the annulus, was significantly reduced in the sperm of the idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients (t = 3.452, P < 0.01). RT-PCR revealed that the expression of SEPT4 mRNA was significantly lower in the sperm of the idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients than in those of the normozoospermic men (t = 3.521, P < 0.05). Western blot confirmed the results of RT-PCR (t = 5.872, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of SEPT4 is significantly decreased in the ejaculated sperm of idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients, which might be one of the causes of idiopathic asthenozoospermia.

Adult ; Asthenozoospermia ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Septins ; metabolism ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; Young Adult

The quantitative identification and enrichment of viable regulatory T cells (Treg) requires reliable surface markers that are selectively expressed on Treg. Foxp3 is the accepted marker of natural Treg, but it cannot be used to isolate cells for functional studies. CD127 is a new surface marker expressed in Treg cells. In this study, two populations of Treg, including CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T cells, and profiles of the Foxp3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) cells were compared to evaluate which population is better. The peripheral blood cells were collected and spleen suspension of BALB/C mice were prepared, and using triple staining CD4, CD25, CD127 and CD4, CD25, Foxp3. The profiles of Treg, including CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) were detected by flow cytometry. The quadruple staining CD4, CD25, Foxp3 and CD127 were used to determine the CD127 expression in CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells. The results showed that on T cell subset the median expression levels of CD4(+), CD4(+)CD25(+) were 39.02%, 5.35% in peripheral blood and 23.49%, 3.86% in spleen. On CD4(+) T cell subset, the median expression level of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T cells were 7.13%, 3.97% in peripheral blood and 12.8%, 8.23% in spleen. The ratio of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) T cells was higher than that of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells in both peripheral blood and spleen cells (P < 0.01). The CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) cells highly expressed Foxp3, while the CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T cells lowly expressed CD127. It is concluded that compared with the CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) populations, CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) T cells better fit the definition of naturally occurring regulatory T cells in peripheral blood cells and spleen of BALB/C mice. CD127(low/-) is a characteristic marker on surface of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells, and has been confirmed to be more specific marker for quantitatively sorting Treg cells.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Female ; Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit ; analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; cytology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; metabolism