No abstract available.
Animals ; Finasteride* ; Rats* ; Spermatogenesis*

Injuries and pains of musculoskeletal joint in human body is common onset in industrialized world. However, muscle fatigue plays a very significant role in contributing causes of many pains associated with musculoskeletal joints. Based on this hypothesis, degree of muscle fatigue was investigated using electromyography measurement technique during isometric and concentric/eccentric muscle contractions. Different response of the muscle fatigue between two different muscle contractions (isometric and concentric/eccentric contractions) was examined by comparison of parameters which were median frequency, median power and RMS value. Healthy 16 young persons without previous musculoskeletal diesease history were tested with Noraxon Myosystem 2000 EMG measurement system. In this study, two different exercises were performed. First exercise was concentric/eccentric exercise. Second exercise was isometric muscle contraction. In the case of the isometric exercise, median frequency was decreased, but median power and RMS were increased. However, during the concentric/eccentric exercse, median frequency was increased, but median power and RMS were decreased. Both of those revealed that the pattern of the median frequency was W type, but median power and RMS were M type as time passed. In this study, the patterns of the muscle fatigue during concentric/eccentric exercise as well as isometric exercise were identified. It will be helpful to prevent musculoskeletal injury from over-working andexercising.
Electromyography* ; Exercise ; Human Body ; Humans ; Joints ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Fatigue*

Seborrheic keratosis is a benign epidermal lesion, that commony develops in the aged. It exhibits a remarkable spectrum of histologic variations. We evaluated one hundred and one cases of seborrheic keratoses according to the histologie typing by Lever and Schaurnburg-Lever. The most common histologic type was the acanthotic type(50.5%), and the next. most common one was hyperkeratotic type(33.7%). The rest of the caces were relatively uncommon, irritated type(6.9%), mixed type(4.9%), clonal type(3.9%), adenoidal type(2.0%), and melanoacanthoma(1.0%). In 2 cases, mixed type was found in a lesion.
Adenoids ; Keratosis, Seborrheic*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma* ; Nevus*

We evaluated one month follow-up results of the 12 adult patients who showed ventriculomegaly in the aspects of symptoms. Evans ratio, periventricular low density, grades of radio-isotope cisternography, and grades of continuous intracranial pressure monitoring that were classified on the pressure wave and basal pressure level. The grades of continuous ICP monitoring were compared to the grades of radio-isotope cisternography. History, symptoms, CT findings, and radio-isotope cisternography are often helpful to decide shunt operation but sometimes continuous intracranial pressure monitoring gives invaluable information.
Adult* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure

Phamacokinetic study of the antibiotic concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid was done with high pressure liquid chromatography of CSF samples from twelve patients who had various amount of continuous extra-ventricular drainage during antibiotic administration. Five patients with large amount(over 150cc/day) of drainage had decreased CSF antibiotic concentrations dramatically below the effective concentration within 4 hours after intraventricular antibiotic administration, but six patients with small(less than 150cc/day) drainage maintained CSF antibiotic level above effective concentration even 24 hours after administration. In conclusion, repeated intraventricular administration of antibiotic is necessary to maintain the effective drug level in the patient with CSF drainage over 150cc/day.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drainage* ; Humans ; Infusions, Intraventricular*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings of secondary appendicitis (SA) and to discuss the differential findings compared with primary appendicitis. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of 94 patients under 15 years old of age treated at our institution from May 2005 to May 2014 who had bowel inflammation and an inflamed appendix with a maximal outer diameter >6 mm that improved with nonsurgical treatment (the SA group). Ninety-nine patients with pathologically proven acute appendicitis (the primary appendicitis [PA] group) from June 2013 to May 2014 and 44 patients with pathologically negative appendectomy results from May 2005 to May 2014 were also included to compare the ultrasonographic features of these conditions. A retrospective review of the ultrasonographic findings was performed by two radiologists. The clinical and laboratory findings were also reviewed. The results were statically analyzed using analysis of variance, the Pearson chi-square test, and the two-tailed Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Compared with PA, cases of SA had a smaller diameter (9.8 mm vs. 6.6 mm, P < 0.001), and were less likely to show periappendiceal fat inflammation (98% vs. 6%, P < 0.001) or an appendicolith (34% vs. 11%, P < 0.001). SA showed mural hyperemia on color Doppler ultrasonography as frequently as PA (P=0.887). CONCLUSION: The ultrasonographic features of SA included an increased diameter compared to a healthy appendix and the same level of hyperemia as in PA. However, the diameter was commonly in the equivocal range (mean diameter, 6.6 mm), and periappendiceal fat inflammation was rarely present in SA.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis* ; Appendix ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Inflammation ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography* ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

No Abstract Available.
Rosacea*

PURPOSE: We present a case of a patient with coexisting neuromyelitis optica and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CASE SUMMARY: A 26-year-old female was hospitalized in our medical center due to decreased visual acuity in her left eye; she had a history of gastric ulcers and herpes zoster infection. Steroid treatment was started under suspicion of optic neuritis, and she was diagnosed with SLE. After treatment, her vision improved, but eleven months later she was hospitalized with paresthesia on the abdomen and left flank progressing to the lower extremities. Spinal MRI showed transverse myelitis, suggesting multiple sclerosis. Fifteen months later, the patient was hospitalized due to decreased visual acuity and ocular pain in the right eye. Her vision was improved by steroid therapy. However, optic neuritis recurred in the right eye after five weeks, thus azathioprine was added to the treatment. Anti-aquaporin-4 Ab test was conducted based on the suspicion of neuromyelitis optica, and the serum was positive for anti-aquaporin-4 Ab (NMO-IgG). The patient was hospitalized again due to paraplegia after three months. Coexistence of neuromyelitis optica was verified because spinal MRI showed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. The symptoms were improved by high doses of steroids, a series of plasmaphereses, and rituximab. Optic neuritis was repeated in the right eye and the symptoms were improved with high doses of steroids. Myelitis recurred later and the symptoms improved with high doses of steroids and a series of plasmaphereses. CONCLUSIONS: Coexisting neuromyelitis optica should be considered in cases with relapsing events which have transverse myelitis without cranial lesions in autoimmune diseases such as SLE.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Azathioprine ; Eye ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Myelitis ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; Optic Neuritis ; Paraplegia ; Paresthesia ; Plasmapheresis ; Steroids ; Stomach Ulcer ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Rituximab

PURPOSE: The present study was carried out to determine day-to-day differences in cortisol levels and the molar cortisol-to-dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ratio (molar C/D ratio) in working subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cortisol and DHEA levels were measured from saliva samples collected 30 minutes after awakening for 7 consecutive days in full-time working subjects that worked Monday through Saturday. To determine the day-to-day differences within subjects, the collected data was analyzed using variance (ANOVA) for a randomized complete block design (RCBD). RESULTS: The cortisol levels from samples collected 30 minutes after awakening on workdays were similar to each other, but were significantly different from the cortisol levels on Sunday. The DHEA levels were not significantly different between the days of week. The DHEA levels on Monday and Tuesday were relatively lower than the levels on the other weekdays. The DHEA levels on Thursday and Friday were relatively higher than the other days. The molar C/D ratios on Sunday were significantly lower than those on workdays. The molar C/D ratios on Monday and Tuesday were significantly higher than those on Wednesday or other workdays. CONCLUSION: The cortisol levels and the molar C/D ratios demonstrate differences in adrenocortical activities between workdays and non-workdays, but the molar C/D ratio additionally represents differences in adrenocortical status between the first two workdays and other workdays. Thus, it is possible that the day-to-day differences in the cortisol levels and the molar C/D ratio represent the adrenal response to upcoming work-related stress.
Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Dehydroepiandrosterone/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/*metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Saliva/chemistry ; Work/*physiology