OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetic and distribution of arctiin in rats. METHODS Each rat was given a single dose at random by oral administration. The arctiin in serum and organs were determined by use of RP-HPLC. All pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a 3P87 program. RESULTS After oral administration of arctiin at the dose of 300mg·kg-1, Arctiin plasma C-T curve conform to open two-compartment model. The Pharmacokinetic parameters were as follow: A=(37.374 5±8.964 7)μg·mL-1;B=(6.210 6±1.489 3)μg·mL-1;α=(0.004 3±0.000 9)min-1;β=(0.000 4±0.000 2)min-1;Kα=(0.420 2±0.167 5)min -1;t1/2α=(115.192 6±14.382 4)min ;t1/2β=(1 485.578 1±161.173 3)min;K10 =(0.001 0±0.000 4)min -1;K21=(0.001 4±0.000 6)min -1 ;K12=(0.002 3±0.001 3)min -1 ;Cmax=(41.786 3±7.521 7)μg·mL-1 ;Tmax=(9.891 9±4.341 4)min;AUC=(22 503.272 7±4 120.182 8)μg·min·mL-1. Liver had the highest concentration of arctiin after oral administration. CONCLUSION RP-HPLC method is rapid, sensitive and specific for the research of arctiin pharmacokinetic and its distribution in rats. Arctiin is distributed and eliminated quickly in rats.

OBJECTIVETo develop a transparent, non-toxic, non-irritating anti-fogging agent with long-lasting effect for nasal endoscopy.

METHODSThe anti-fogging agent was prepared by mixing ethanol, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol 400 and deionized water at different proportions based on an orthogonal test design. Twenty-seven test samples of the anti-fogging agents were obtained, which were colorless, transparent, and non-irritating, with a pH value of 7-8. Storz00 nasal endoscopy and its imaging system were used to test the anti-fogging time of the 27 samples, and each agent was tested for 3 times with medical Seoul iodine and 95% ethanol as control.

RESULTSThe optimal composition of the anti-fogging agent was 20% ethanol, 10% propylene glycol, 20% polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4% polyethylene glycol, 42% deionized water. The anti-fogging time of this agent reached 15 min, significantly longer than that of medical Seoul iodine (4 min) and 95% ethanol (18 s).

CONCLUSIONThis anti-fogging agent for nasal endoscopes is colorless and safe and has a long anti-fogging time by forming a homogenous transparent membrane over the endoscopic lens.

Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Ethanol ; Nose ; surgery ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; Solutions ; chemistry

This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

OBJECTIVE To study influence of arctiin from seeds of Arctium lappa on hemorheology of experimental rats with the blood stasis syndrone. METHODS The blood hemorheology parameters, Fib, aPTT and PT of experimental rats with the blood stasis syndrone were evaluated using semi-automatic biochemical analysis. RESULTS Arctiin obviously decreased their high shear, middle shear, low shear, the blood viscosity, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell rigidity index and reductive viscosity. It also significantly prolonged the time of aPTT and PT and lowed the Fib concentration. CONCLUSION Arctiin apparently ameliorated the blood rheology abnormality and enhanced anti-coagulation effect on experimental rats with the blood stasis.

OBJECTIVETo study the metabolic chemistry and pharmaco-dynamics characters of ligan from seeds of Arctium lappa.

METHODHPLC method was used in the study. The analysis was carried out on C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.05% H3PO4 (36:64) with flow-rate at 0.6 mL x min(-1) and wave-length of 210 nm. The column temperature was kept at 25 degrees C.

RESULTThe results indicated that the ligan was detected in plasma and the main organs 5 min after po. The main metabolic production in plasma was arctigenin. In addition, arctigenin and an unknown product were found in metabolic production in the organs.

CONCLUSIONThe method was stable,simple and reproducible. It can be used to determine the metabolic product of the ligan. The metabolic chemistry of ligan in plasma was obviously different from that in the main organs.

Animals ; Arctium ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Furans ; blood ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; blood ; metabolism ; Lignans ; blood ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVETo analyze and identify fatty acids in the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora.

METHODThe compositions was isolated and determined by GC-MS technique, and area normalization method was used to make quantitative analyze of the content of compositions.

RESULTS21 Fatty acids and 5 other compositions were isolated and determined.

CONCLUSIONThe major fatty acids are 9,12(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid(37.96%), hexadecanoic acid(24.77%), 9-(Z)-octadecenoic acid(19.77%) and octadecanoic acid(5.01%).

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Palmitic Acid ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Sterculia ; chemistry

Professor WU Liang-cun is good at the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma. He views that the main pathogenesis of primary hepatic carcinoma is liver and kidney deficiency. Therefore, treatment should be based on enriching water to nourish wood, with soothing the liver and regulating qi, clearing the gallbladder and removing dampness, promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, detoxicating and resolving masses.

Objective To investigate the effect of 131I on apoptosis of thyrocytes in patients with Graves disease. Methods Forty-seven patients with Graves disease were divided into two groups, two week group (G2w) and four week group (G4w). All patients underwent thyoid needle biopsy before 131I treatment and the repeated biopsy at two weeks (G2w) or four weeks (G4w) after 131I treatment. The positive units of pro-apoptotic proteins (Fas, FasL) and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) were studied with immunohistochemistry staining. The differences of the two groups were compared with t-test. Liner correlation analysis was applied to study the correlation between 131I dose and apoptosis-related proteins and that between serum sTSH after 131I treatment and apoptosis-related proteins. Results Fas, FasL and Bcl-2 expression (positive units) were significantly increased in both groups after 131I treatment, G2w :22.84 ± 9.31 vs 16.20 ± 6.75,21.13±6.29vs 14.56±4.06, 21.69±7.83 vs 15.22 ±5.94, t= -3.08, -3.73, -4.05 (allP<0.05); G4w:21.69 ±4.52 vs 15.83 ±5.03, 19. 11 ±3.75 vs 14.02 ±4.98, 19.06 ±3.44 vs 16.63 ±4. 73, t = - 5.26, - 5.00, - 2.41 (all P<0.05). However, no statistical differences were found between G2w and G4w (t = 0. 53, 0. 82, 1.46, all P > 0.05). Significant correlation was found between 131I 0. 727, rFasL = 0. 763 (both P<0.05)), but not between the dose and Bcl-2, rBcl-2 = - 0. 094, 0. 102(both P > 0.05). There were significant correlation between serum sTSH three months after 131I treatment and apoptosis-related proteins, rFas = 0.433, rFasL = 0. 601, rBcln2 = - 0. 397, (all P<0. 05). Conclusions 131I can induce thyrocytes to express the pro-apoptotic proteins in patients with Graves disease.

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in many physiological processes of plants, and it was also applied to fields of medicinal plant biotechnology. The article presents a review of some recent application of ABA in enhancing the production of secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, improving the in vitro conservation in medicinal plant tissue culture system.
Abscisic Acid ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Plant Growth Regulators ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; metabolism

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.