Objective To investigate static closure functional characteristics of lower urinary tract in continence in late pregnancy of primigravida through perineal ultrasound and urodynamieal measurement. Methods From January of 2003 to December of 2005,83 primigravida undergoing antenatal health care in Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital were randomly enrolled in the study, while 28 nulliparous women were recruited as control.The perineal ultrasound and urodynamical measurement were performed at the gestation age of 36-40 weeks,in both groups.We analysed the parameters of lower urinary tract function in late pregnancy compared with nullipara,such as maximal urethral closure pressure(MUCP),functional urethral length(FUL),maximal urethral pressure(MUP), valsalva leak point pressure(VLPP),postvoid residual bladder volume(PVRBV)and volume of first desire to voiding(VFDV).Results The average weight of 83 neonates was(3504?404)g.In all of 83 primigravida PVRBV was less than l0 ml.MUP(110 + 22)cm H_2O(1 cm H_2O=0.098 kPa),MUCP (96?22)cm H_2O and FUL(44?9)mm were significantly increased in the third trimester compared with nullipara(P0.05). There were 33 pregnant women suffering from urinary leakage throughout the terms.The data showed that MUCP was significantly lower in the pregnant women with symptoms of leaking than without leaking. Conclusion The static closure function increased significantly compared with nulliparous women.The VLPP was decreased and had relationship with symptoms of leakage.The results suggest that the function of lower urinary tract in continence in late pregnancy of primigravida is complex.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of infantile cytomegalovirus(CMV) hepatitis with cholestasis and investigate intrahepatic cholestasis due to hepatocytic impairment caused by CMV infection.Methods Forty-seven children with CMV cholestatic he-patitis were divided into 2 groups according to the level of total bilirubin(TB):22 cases with serum TB lower than 136.8 ?mol/L(groupⅠ),and 25 cases with serum TB higher than 136.8 ?mol/L(groupⅡ).All children were treated with both gangciclovir and routine met-hods,and serum biochemistry were checked before and after treatment.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Forty-seven cases of infantile CMV cholestatic hepatitis had different degrees of jaundice,hepatosplenomegaly and abnormal liver functions.The differences of serum ALT and AST between the 2 groups had statistical significance,the levels of serum gamma glutamy transferase(GGT) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were lightly higher in groupⅡcompared with those in groupⅠ,but there were no statistical significance.TB,direct bilirubin(DB),ALT and AST were decreased in the 2 groups after treatment,GGT and ALP hadn′t decreased significantly after treatment.Conclusions CMV infection can injure hepatocytes and epithelials on each grade of bile duct,thus CMV hepatitis causes intrahepatic cholestasis.Cholestasis due to hepatocytic impairment deserves emphasis and intervention should be done as early as possible.Gangciclovir therapy for CMV infection manifest effective and safe in short-term.

Biopsy ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Gastric Mucosa ; microbiology ; pathology ; Helicobacter Infections ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Helicobacter pylori ; isolation & purification ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Silver Staining ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Objective To summarize the clincical experience of transumbilical Laparoendoscopic Single-site (LESS) nephrectomy and to evaluate its safety and efficacy. Methods From December 2008 to August 2010, we have performed 20 cases of transumbilical LESS nephrectomy by Tri-Port system, of which 9 patients underwent LESS radical nephrectomy (left 8, right 1, stage T1 ), 1 patient underwent LESS radical resection of right ureteral carcinoma, 10 patients underwent LESS simple nephrectomy (left 5, right 5). The Tri-Port system was inserted transperitoneally through a 2 cm umbilical incision. A 5-mm 30° telescope was introduced through the port to visualize the operative field. Flexible equipment and standard laparoscopic equipment were used to perform the procedures.The incisions were extended to about 6cm in order to remove the specimens. Results Conversion to open surgery was necessary in one LESS radical resection of right ureteral carcinoma and one LESS simple nephrectomy, while the remaining 18 cases were successful (the addition of a single 5-mm port was necessary in 2 cases of LESS radical nephrectomy). The mean operative time was 197 min (85-510 min), mean estimated blood loss was 126 ml (50-400 ml), without blood transfusion in the perioperative period, mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.3 d (3-14 d), and mean duration of catheter drainage was 3.6 d (0- 14 d). Conclusions Transumbilical LESS nephrectomy is feasible, safe,minimally invasive and cosmetic. Long-term follow-up and a clinical control study are needed for evaluating clinical outcomes.

Objective To preliminarily explore the feasibility of tree shrew as a new kind of animal model in research of amblyopia,to discuss the primary visual cortex plasticity mechanism of form deprivation in tree shrew,and to provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the mechanism of amblyopia formation and recovery.Methods Sixty 30-days old tree shrews were divided into five groups,12 in each group:the group A had the right eye sutured for 1 month;the group B had the right eye sutured for 2 months;the group C had the left eye sutured for 1 month and then opened and the righ eye was sutured for 1 month,in other words,the group C was performed by alternating suture;the tree shrews of control group 1(D1) were in the same age as the the group A,but fed in normal breedingenvironment;the tree shrews of control group 2(D2) were at the same age of groups B and C,but fed with a normal diet.Samples of the visual cortex were taken after the completion of modeling,and were processed to observe the histology and ultrastructure of the visual cortex,the neuron apoptosis,and the c-fos protein expression in the tree shrews of different groups.Results Damages to different degrees were found by histological and electron microscopic examination of the visual cortex in each experimental group,and they were more obvious in the group sutured for 2 months.TUNEL staining showed that there were no significant differences between the apoptosis in the experimental and control groups.The expression of c-fos mRNA and protein in the experimental groups was decreased,and it was the lowest in the group sutured for 2 months.There was a small increase in the c-fos expression after the alternate suture,and no significant difference of c-fos expression was found in the control groups.Conclusions Different degrees of deprivation amblyopia lead to different histopathological changes.There is a plasticity in the neurons affected by amblyopia.Tree shrew can be used as an ideal animal model for the studies of form deprivation amblyopia.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture on improving insulin resistance of rat from aspects of morphology and function of mitochondrial in quadriceps femoris.

METHODSForty-eight 8-week Wistar rats (female and male in half) were randomly divided into a normal group (16 rats, group A), a model control group (16 rats, group B), a model plus electroacupuncture (EA) group (8 rats, group C) and a model plus sham acupoint EA group (8 rats, group D). Group A was given with basic diet while high-fat diet was applied in the group B, group C and group D for 8 weeks to establish model of insulin resistance. After the model establishment, "Guanyuan" (CV 4), "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Fenglong" (ST 30) were selected according to acupoint combination of manifestation-root in the group C, while four points in non-meridian area where 1 to 2 mm next to the acupoints used in group C were selected in the group D. The treatment was given 15 min per time with 1 mA of intensity and 2 Hz in frequency, 5 times per week for totally 8 weeks. The transmission electron microscope was adopted to observe mitochondria structure, and chemical colorimetry was used to test the activity of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase and phosphomolybdic acid colorimetry was applied to measure the content of ATP.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the body mass was (401.63 +/- 109.81) g in the group B, which was significantly higher than (305.88 +/- 62.72) g in the group A (P < 0.05); morphological structure of mitochondrion was damaged, showing swelling and deformation; the activity of ATP synthase was decreased (P < 0.05) and the content of ATP in tissue of quadriceps femoris was also obviously lowered (P < 0.05). The body mass was (294.13 +/- 53.78) g in the group C, which was significantly lower than that in the group B (P < 0.05); the damaged mitochondrion was restored and merged among each other; the activity of ATP synthase was increased (P < 0.05); the content of ATP in tissue of quadriceps femoris was obviously lifted (P < 0.05). The results in group D were not different from those in group B.

CONCLUSIONThe electroacupuncture with manifestation-root acupoint combination could improve the recovery of damaged structure of mitochondrion and promote the merge among each other, which could enhance oxidizing capacity, lower body mass and improve synthetic rate of ATP.

Acupuncture Points ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; biosynthesis ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mitochondria ; enzymology ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism ; Quadriceps Muscle ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

This study was aimed to explore the expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) in adult acute leukemia and its correlation with clinical characteristics, karyotype and prognosis. Indirect immunofluorescent cytometry was used to detect the expression of DNA-PKcs in bone marrow mononuclear cells of 105 patients with acute leukemia before chemotherapy and 41 of them after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Cytogenetic data were obtained from 26 of them by R band karyotypic analysis. The results showed that the expression of DNA-PKcs was correlated with higher WBC count level in peripheral blood (p < 0.05), but was not obviously associated with median age, gender, percentage of bone marrow blasts, clinical classification, median hemoglobin level and median platelet count (p > 0.05). The middle and strong positive expression of DNA-Pkcs in non-remission group was significantly higher than that in remission group (p < 0.05). The positive rate of DNA-PKcs in abnormal chromosome group was significantly higher than that in chromosome normal group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the DNA-PKcs expression level is closely related with the increased WBC count, and the expression of DNA-PKcs is correlated also with karyotype and clinical prognosis in adult acute leukemia.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA-Activated Protein Kinase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Leukemia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Professor DU Xiao-shan 's academic thought and clinical experiences was introduced in this paper. He has noble medical ethics and is fair to the patients without distinction. He has great learning and rich practical experiences, and he specializes in all kinds of common diseases as well as many difficult and complicated cases. He never stops studying the ancients to make innovation and he creates the technique of the quick-puncture and slow-twist and DU's heat-reinforce method. He teaches to carry forward acupuncture and moxibustion and his achievements have become an important part of acupuncture and moxibustion science.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of extract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung carcinoma H1299 cells, and to explore its mechanisms. METHODS H1299 cells were treated with the extract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani in different concentrations at different time points. Its inhibition on H1299 cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The morphology of the H1299 cell was observed by inverted microscope. Changes of apoptosis were observed by Hoechst33258 methods. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Expression changes of apoptosis-related proteins pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-9, cle-caspase-3, cle-caspase-9, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the inhibition rate of H1299 cells increased after acted by 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 mg/mL extract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The longer the acting time, the higher the inhibition rate (P < 0.01). Under inverted microscope, typical morphological changes could be seen and the number of H1299 cells was reduced. Under fluorescence microscope, dark stained nucleus and formed apoptotic body could be observed. Results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate was obviously dose-effect correlated with the concentration of extract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani. Results of Western blot indicated that compared with the control. group, the protein expression of pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-9, and PARP were down-regulated and that of cle-caspase-3, cle-caspase-9, and cle-PARP were up-regulated by 5 and 10 mg/mL extract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSExtract of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani had obvious effect in inhibiting the proliferation and inducing apoptosis of human lung carcinoma H1299 cells, which might be achieved by activating the expression of caspase protein.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo develop a gene chip for rapid detection of the "a" determinant hotpoint mutation of hepatitis B virus (HBV).

METHODSPrimers were designed in the HBV conservative region, and probes for detecting 126A, 126S, 144A, 145R, 145E, 144A+145R, and 144A+145E mutants were developed for that gene chip. PCR amplification and gene chip technology were optimized. The performance of the gene chip was evaluated by detecting the reference plasmids. Forty five samples of serum obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B were used to compare the sensitivity of the gene chip and the direct sequencing of PCR products.

RESULTSThe oligonucleotide microarray was specific for mutant and native plasmids. The sensitivity of the gene chip was 5 x 10(3)copies/micro l with a high reproducibility. The gene chip could detect minor variants when they were more than 10% among the HBV strains. The positive rates of 126A, 126S-1, 126S-2 detected in the 45 specimens by the gene chip (46.67%, 35.56% and 24.44%, respectively) were higher than those detected by direct sequencing of PCR products (9.00%, 4.44% and 2.22%; P=0.000, P=0.000 and P=0.002, respectively). The sequencing of cloned PCR products demonstrated that the gene chip was specific for the "a" determinant hotpoint mutation detection.

CONCLUSIONHBV "a" determinant hotpoint mutations can be detected by oligonucleotide microarray with high sensitivity and specificity, providing a method for large scale screening of the mutants.

Hepatitis B ; blood ; diagnosis ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Point Mutation