Objective To study the mini-invasive surgical treatment for cholelithiasis disease in the primary hospital. Methods Laparoseope,duodenoscope and choledochoscope were combined to treat 293 cases with cholelith-iasis which included 2 cases cholecystolithisasis, 131 cases were cholecystolithiasis with secondary choledocholith,28 cases with primary choledocholith,39 cases with calculus of intrahepatic duct,93 cases with calculus of intrahepatic or extrahepatic duct. Results The program had minor trauma, mild suffering, and less operative complications,compared with traditional open operations. Conclusion The combined treatment of laparoscopy, duodenoscopy, choledochoscope and surgery for the cholelithiasis in the primary hospital is feasible, safe and effective.

To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of geniposide, genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside and geniposidic acid in rat brains and study the brain pharmacokinetics of the three iridoid glycosides in stroke rat after the oral administration of Xingnaojing. In this experiment, brain samples were precipitated with protein for twice. Acquity BEH C18 column was adopted, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid-water as the mobile phase for gradient elution. ESI source was adopted for mass spectra; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was conducted to detect negative ions. The time for sample analysis was 3.5 min. the results showed good linear relations among the three iridoid glycosides, with the extraction recovery between 99.6% and 114.3%, good intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracies and stability in line with the requirements. The t1/2 and MRT in the three components were similar in brains of stroke rats. Geniposide and genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside showed double peaks; where as geniposidic acid showed a single peak. In conclusion, the method is so specific, sensitive, accurate and reliable that it can be used to study the brain pharmacokinetics of Xingnaojing oral preparation.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To study the effects of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription on the migration ability of MHCC97-H and the expressions of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7; To discuss its relevant mechanism of action. Methods Setting Sorafenib as a positive control, CCK-8 method was used for determining the effects of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription on the cell proliferation of MHCC97-H and the optimum concentration. Scratch assay was used to observe the migration ability of MHCC97-H. The protein expressions of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 were detected by Western blot after 24 h of medicine intervention. Results Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription and Sorafenib can inhibit the cell proliferation of MHCC97-H , and the inhibitory concentration was 0.095 g/mL and 10 μmol/mL at 24 hours. Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription can inhibit migration ability of MHCC97-H. The protein expressions of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells decreased after the action of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription. Conclusion Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Prescription can inhibit MHCC97-H cell proliferation and migration, which may be realized by down-regulating chemokine axis of CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7.

OBJECTIVETo study the existence of Ehrluichiosis, lyme disease and tick-borne spotted fever coinfection in some areas in China.

METHODSUsing polymerase chain reaction (PCR), B. burgdorferi sensu lato, spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsiae and human granulocytic ehrlichia (HGE), Ehrlichia chaffeensis (EC) were detected in ticks and mouse samples collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region, Heilongjiang province, Beijing and Fujian province.

RESULTS408 Ixodes persulcatus collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region, HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato and SFG Rickettsiae were detected positive, with rates as 6.8%, 7.8%, 45.6%, respectively. 5 (5/408) were coinfection with HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato while 1 (1/408) was coinfection with HGE and SFG Rickettsiae. 46 Ixodes persulcatus collected from Helongjiang province were determined positive, with rates as 6.5%, 10.8% and 34.8%, respectively including 1 (1/46) coinfected with HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato. 2 of 922 ticks collected from Beijing were detected positive with B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Among 283 groups of Haemaphysalis yeni ticks (3/group) and from 38 rodent samples collected from Ninghua county of Fujian province HCE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato and SFG Rickettsiae were detected. Out of them, 25 groups were positive with EC and the minimal positive rate was 3.8% while 21 rodent samples were positive with EC with a positive rate of 56.4%. 2 ticks and 1 rodent sample were detected positive with EC and spotted fever group.

CONCLUSIONCoinfection of HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato or spotted fever group Richi did exist in Ixodes persulcatus collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region and Heilongjiang province. Coinfection of EC and spotted fever group Richi was found in the ticks and rodents collected from Fujian province.

Animals ; Arachnid Vectors ; Borrelia burgdorferi Group ; isolation & purification ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Disease Vectors ; Ehrlichia ; isolation & purification ; Ehrlichiosis ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Ixodes ; microbiology ; Lyme Disease ; epidemiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats ; Rickettsia ; isolation & purification ; Rickettsia Infections ; epidemiology ; Rodentia ; microbiology ; Tick-Borne Diseases ; epidemiology ; Ticks ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate association between the natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Chinese Han population.

METHODSHospital-based case-control study design was adopted. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique were used to type three NRAMP1 polymorphisms (INT4, D543N and 3'UTR). Information on related factors of tuberculosis was collected using a pre-tested standard questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic analyses were conducted using SPSS for window software package. Totally, 110 cases of TB were selected during April 2001 to June 2002, with an average age of (27.7 +/- 12.7) years. Also, 180 cases of healthy control were selected, aged (27.3 +/- 9.2) years in average. Locus of NRAMP1 polymorphism was analysed with univariate method.

RESULTSUnivariate analysis demonstrated that the D543N G/A and 3'UTR TGTG+/del genotype occurred more frequently in the cases than in the controls, with crude odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) of 2.22 (1.03 - 4.78) and 1.93 (1.14 - 3.26), respectively. No significant association was observed between TB and INT4 polymorphisms. In multivariate analysis, associations of TB and D543N G/A and 3'UTR TGTG+/del genotypes remained, adjusted for exposure history and bacille Camette-Guérin immunization. Adjusted OR (95% CI) was 3.04 (1.12 - 8.27) and 2.36 (1.20 - 4.64), respectively. Still, no significant association between INT4 polymorphisms and TB was found.

CONCLUSIONPolymorphisms of D543N and 3'UTR locus in NRAMP1 gene might affect their susceptibility to TB in Chinese Han population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of 2-month course of sleeping position correction in the treatment of positional plagiocephaly in infants aged <8 months.

METHODSA total of 73 infants with positional plagiocephaly between January 2015 and June 2016 were divided into treatment group (n=46) and control group (n=27) according to parents' wishes. The treatment group received sleeping position correction, while the control group received sleep curve mattress. The oblique diameters A and B in the two groups were measured and the cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) was calculated before and after treatment. The severity of positional plagiocephaly based on CVA was compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The Gesell Developmental Scale was used to determine the developmental quotients (DQs) in the motor, adaptive, language, and social domains in the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSBefore treatment, there were no significant differences in oblique diameters A and B, CVA, and DQs in the four specific domains between the two groups (P>0.05). After 2 months of treatment, the treatment group had a significantly greater oblique diameter B and a significantly smaller CVA than the control group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in DQs in the four specific domains between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, both groups had significant improvements in oblique diameters A and B, CVA, and DQs in the motor and adaptive domains (P<0.01); moreover, the treatment group showed a significant improvement in the DQs in the social domain (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the severity of positional plagiocephaly between the two groups before and after treatment (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFor infants with positional plagiocephaly, sleeping position correction has better efficacy and is more convenient and economical than the sleep curve mattress, so it holds promise for clinical application.

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic ; etiology ; therapy ; Posture ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sleep

BACKGROUNDThe University of Wisconsin colloid based preserving solution (UW solution) is the most efficient preserving solution for multiorgan transplantation. Unfortunately, unavailability of delayed organ preserving solutions hindered further progression of cardinal organ transplantation in China. In this study, we validated an organ preserving Changzheng Organ Preserving Solution (CZ-1 solution) and compared it with UW solution.

METHODSA series of studies were conducted on how and how long CZ-1 solution could preserve the kidneys, livers, hearts, lungs and pancreas of New Zealand rabbits and SD rats. Morphology of transplanted organs was studied by visible microscopy and electron microscopy; biochemical and physiological functions and the survival rate of the organs during prolonged cold storage were studied.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference between CZ-1 and UW solutions in preserving the kidneys, livers, hearts or lungs of rabbits; kidneys, livers, intestinal mucosa or pancreases of SD rats or five deceased donors' testicles. In some aspects, such as preserving rabbits' hearts, rats' intestinal mucosa and pancreases, the effect of CZ-1 solution was superior to UW solution. CZ-1 could safely preserve kidneys for 72 hours, livers for 24 hours, hearts for 18 hours and lungs for 8 hours for SD rats. Twelve kidneys preserved in cold CZ-1 solution for 22 - 31 hours were transplanted successfully and the mean renal function recovery time was (3.83 +/- 1.68) days.

CONCLUSIONSCZ-1 solution is as effective as UW solution for organ preservation. The development of CZ-1 solution not only reduces costs and improves preservation of organs, but also promotes future development of organ transplantation in China.

Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Allopurinol ; pharmacology ; Animals ; China ; Glutathione ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heart Transplantation ; methods ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Intestine, Small ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney Transplantation ; methods ; Liver ; drug effects ; physiology ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Lung ; drug effects ; physiology ; Lung Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Organ Preservation ; economics ; methods ; Organ Preservation Solutions ; pharmacology ; Pancreas ; drug effects ; physiology ; Pancreas Transplantation ; methods ; Pharmaceutical Solutions ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Raffinose ; pharmacology ; Testis ; drug effects ; physiology

OBJECTIVEIn order to find out the current situation of tick-borne spotted fever in the area of Changbai mountain, Jilin province.

METHODSIn this study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed with primers R. rOmpA 190.70p and R. rOmpA 190.701n designed on the basis of rOmpA gene, which is specific for examining spotted fever group Rickttsiaes (SFGR). Six hundred nighty-three ticks were tested and a positive PCR product amplified from D. silvarum specimen (named JL-02) was cloned and sequenced.

RESULTSThe SFGR DNA was detected from D. silvarum, Haemaphysalis concinna with the positive rates were 53.81% and 7.41% respectively. Its nucleotide sequence of 587 bp rOmpA and derived amino-acids showed 100.00% similarity with nucleotide sequence of DnS 14 and 99.00% with DnS 28 from the Former Soviet Union according to the result of BLUST and CLUSTAL, which was differential from the DNA sequences of strains previously detected in China.

CONCLUSIONThe natural focus of tick-borne spotted fever did exist in the area of Changbai mountain. The DNA sequence of SFGR was similar to that of DnS 14, which was first reported in China.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; China ; DNA, Bacterial ; chemistry ; genetics ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rickettsia Infections ; microbiology ; Rickettsieae ; classification ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo detect and study the types of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks and rodents from Da Xing-An Mountains Forest areas of China.

METHODSNested PCR was performed to amplify 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer of B. burgdorferi. Positive products were analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), specimens showing unique RFLP profile were sequenced and analysed.

RESULTS1336 Ixodes persulcatus, 144 Dermacento silvarum, 144 Haemaphysalis concinna and 145 rodents of 9 species were collected from 16 sections of Da Xing-An Mountains Forest areas of China. Specific fragments were amplified from 293 I. persulcatus and 6 D. silvarum and 5 rodents of 4 species. B. burgdorferi was not detected in H. concinna. Among the positively tested I. persulcatus, 209 contained B. garinii genospecies and 45 contained B.afzelii genospecies based on RFLP. Moreover, B.garinii genospecies consisted of B. garinii 20047 and B. garinii NT29. 17 adult I. persulcatus were simultaneously infected with B. garinii 20047 and B. garinii NT29. Nine adult I. persulcatus were simultaneously infected with B. garinii 20047 and B. afzelii. Four adult I. persulcatus were simultaneously infected with B. garinii 20047 and B. garinii NT29 and B. afzelii. Two D. silvarum were infected with B. garinii 20047, 1 D. silvarum with B. garinii 20047, 2 D. silvarum with B. afzelii. 3 rodents were infected with B. garinii 20047 while 2 rodents were infected with B. garinii NT29. Mixed infection was not found in D. silvarum and rodents. In addition, nine I. persulcatus and one D. silvarum specimens showed unique RFLP pattern. Data from sequential analysis showed that they all belonged to B. garinii. PCR-SSCP profiles of 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer of B. burgdorferi in the positive specimens exceeded 36 types; B. garinii 20047 showed 16 types while B. garinii NT29 showing 11 types, B. afzelii showing 9 types. SSCP profiles of the specimens coinfected with multiple B. burgdorferi was relatively complex.

CONCLUSIONThe infection of B. burgdorferi was found in the ticks and rodents in Da Xing-An Mountains Forests areas. The infection rate of I. persulcatus was high. B. garinii was predominant genospecies, and the population of B. burgdorferi was heterogeneous in the area. Mixed infections of different B. burgdorferi genospecies in ticks were found. I. persulcatus and Clethrionomys rufocanus were possibly served as major vector and major host for B. burgdorferi, respectively, suggesting that further study is needed to confirm the coinfection in humans and animals in this region.

Animals ; Borrelia burgdorferi Group ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Lyme Disease ; epidemiology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; RNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Rodentia ; microbiology ; Ticks ; microbiology ; Trees