Objective To explore methods to develop a hospital quality of care index system of county level hospitals based on the homepage of inpatient medical records and examine the validity of this system. Methods By means of literature review, homepage data and panel discussion, along with theories and statistical methods, indexes were identified. The dimensions and indices of the index system were pinpointed. Confirmatory factor analysis and normalization methods were combined to calculate the weights and scores of such indices. Scores were adjusted by Charlson comorbidity index ( CCI) with multi-regression method. The hospitals were ranked by adjusted scores in each dimension. The validity was evaluated by comparing the application results to universally acknowledged standards, such as hospital level and economic level of the geographic areas. Results An index system with 6 dimensions and 25 indices was developed, and the application results proved valid to some extent. The adjustment of CCI also proved effective. The 6 dimensions were correlated yet their directions were not consistent. Conclusions The methods and data used to develop the system have demonstrated strong operability and availability. The application results can reflect medical care quality in different aspects making it applicable among homogeneous hospitals. It is meaningful to assess dimensions respectively.

To study the chemical constituents from the bark of Myrica rubra, fourteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical properties and spectroscopic data, as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol (1), myricanol (2), myricanone (3), myricanol 11-sulfate (4), myricitrin (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-rhamnoside (7), tamarixol (8), uvaol (9), ursolic acid (10), taraxerol (11), myricadiol (12), β-sitosterol (13) and β-daucosterol (14). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, named as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol, compounds 8, 9 were isolated from the genus Myrica for the first time.
Diarylheptanoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Myrica ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Bark ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical application of digital medical in the operation on primary liver cancer.

METHODSThe patients (n=11) with primary hepatic carcinoma treated between February and July 2008, including 9 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 2 cases of cholangiocellular carcinoma, were scanned using 64 slices helicon computerized tomography (CT) and the datasets was collected. Segment and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the CT image was carried out by the medical image processing system which was developed. And the 3D moulds were imported to the FreeForm Modeling System for smoothing. Then the hepatectomy in treatment of hepatoma and implanting of catheter were simulated with the force-feedback equipment (PHANToM). Finally, 3D models and results of simulation surgery were used for choosing mode of operation and comparing with the findings during the operation.

RESULTSThe reconstructed models were true to life, and their spatial disposition and correlation were shown clearly; Blood supply of primary liver cancer could be seen easily. In the simulation surgery system, the process of virtual partial hepatectomy and implanting of catheter using simulation scalpel and catheter on 3D moulds with PHANToM was consistent with the clinical course of surgery. Life-like could be felt and power feeling can be touched during simulation operation.

CONCLUSIONSDigital medical benefited knowing the relationship between primary liver cancer and the intrahepatic pipe. It gave an advantage to complete primary liver cancer resection with more liver volume remained. It can improve the surgical effect and decrease the surgical risk and reduce the complication through demonstrating visualized operation before surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Computer Simulation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Anatomic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; User-Computer Interface

OBJECTIVETo establish a predictive scoring system which may serve for the prediction of sustained response to conventional interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment on chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSA total of 474 IFN-alpha treated hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients were enrolled in the present study. The patients' baseline characteristics, such as age, gender, aminotransferases, activity grading (G) of intrahepatic inflammation, score (S) of liver fibrosis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and genotype were evaluated; therapy duration and response of each patient at the 24th wk after cessation of IFN-alpha treatment were also recorded. A predictive scoring system for a sustained complete response (CR) to IFN-alpha therapy was established based on genetic algorithm. About 10% of the patients were randomly drawn out as the test set. Responses to IFN-alpha therapy were divided into CR, partial response (PR) and non-response (NR). The mixed set of PR and NR was recorded as PR + NR.

RESULTSFor the scoring system, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.8% and 80.6%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThis SCR scoring system has satisfying prediction efficiency and is easily employed in clinical practice. With this scoring system, practitioners can propose individualized decisions that have an integrated foundation on both evidence-based medicine and personal characteristics.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Radiosurgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of the six transmembrane protein of prostate 2 gene (STAMP2) and essential hypertension in Xinjiang Uygur population.

METHODSThe sequences of STAMP2 gene functional region were sequenced in Xinjiang Uygur population with hypertension. The representative variations selected were genotyped by TaqMan-PCR method in 2047 Uygur individuals, including 810 patients with hypertension and 1237 healthy subjects. The association of the genetic variations of the STAMP2 gene with hypertension in Uygur was analyzed.

RESULTSIn the three representative variations (rs8122, rs1981529 and rs34741656) genotyped, there were no significant differences in genotype distribution and allele frequencies between the essential hypertension and control groups (P > 0.05). In ANCOVA analysis, none of the polymorphisms was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in haplotype frequencies between the two groups either(P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was no association of the three polymorphisms (rs8122, rs1981529 and rs34741656) in the STAMP2 gene with essential hypertension in Xinjiang Uygur population.

Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively evaluate the effects of Gamma knife in the treatment of cerebral hemangioblastomas.

METHODSFrom 1993 to 1996, seventeen patients with 29 hemangioblastomas were treated with Gamma knife. The patients mean age was 35 years (range: 16 - 61 years). The mean tumor diameter was 16 mm (range: 6 - 55 mm). Thirteen patients had recurrent or residual hemangioblastomas. Four with primary hemangioblastomas were diagnosed using CT, MRI and DSA. The maximum dose to the tumors was 21.0 - 50.0 Gy, with mean dose of 33.7 Gy. The radiation dose to the periphery of tumors was 12.0 - 24.0 Gy, with mean dose of 17.6 Gy.

RESULTSAll the patients had been followed up for 18 to 62 months, with mean 46 months. Five patients experienced clinical improvement and reduction in tumor volume, and 5 remained stable and tumor unchanged in volume during the follow-up period. Three patients died of tumor progression, surgery and cancer after treatment 18, 22, 25 months respectively. Four patients underwent surgery respectively at 3, 4, 29 and 48 months after gamma knife operation. The local control rate of the tumors at 1 year was 92%, 2 years 88%, 3 years 80% and 4 years 75%. Pathological findings in these patients showed varying degrees of small vessel thickening and occlusion together with degeneration, necrosis in the center of tumor and loss of tumor cells at periphery.

CONCLUSIONSGamma knife is not adequately reliable for the control of hemangioblastoma cysts, it is an effective treatment of small or medium-size solid tumors, but long-term follow-up is needed. The recommended dose is 16 to 20 Gy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioblastoma ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiosurgery ; adverse effects ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the pharmacokinetic of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin HCPT by intraperitoneal administration.

METHODSix dogs were given HCPT by intraperitoneal perfusion: HCPT 2 mg x kg(-1), dissolved in 300 mL NS. During the course of experiments, peritoneal fluids and blood were sampled using a standardized protocol. The concentration of HCPT in all samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTThe area under the curve (AUC) of peritoneal fluids was significantly highly as compared to the AUC of femoral vein and portal vein (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThese experiments demonstrate that intraperitoneal chemotherapy has significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of IP route of HCPT administration. This method should be a more reasonable chemotherapy for the prevention of recurrence and liver metastasis of gastric cancer, colon cancer and ovary cancer after radical resection.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Ascitic Fluid ; metabolism ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Dogs ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Male

BACKGROUNDOssification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is being increasingly recognized as a cause of thoracic myelopathy. This study was to describe a rare clinical entity of spinal cord kinking (SK) in thoracic myelopathy secondary to OLF.

METHODSThe data of 95 patients with thoracic myelopathy secondary to OLF were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence and location of SK were determined using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The clinical presentation and radiological characteristics in patients with SK were analyzed. Posterior en bloc laminectomy with OLF was performed, and the surgical results were evaluated.

RESULTSSK was found in seven patients (7.4%) based on preoperative MRI. The patients included one male and six females with an average age of 55.6 years (range, 48-64 years). Five patients presented with radiculomyelopathy and two presented with typical thoracic myelopathy of spastic paraparesis. In all cases, the kinking was located just above the end of the spinal cord where the conus medullaris (CM) was compressed by the OLF. The degree of SK varied from mild to severe. The tip of the CM was located between the upper third of T11 to the lower third of L1, above the lower edge of L1. With an average follow-up of 30.4 months, the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score significantly improved from 5.7 ± 1.8 preoperatively to 8.9 ± 1.4 postoperatively (t = 12.05; P < 0.0001) with an improvement rate of 63.1 ± 12.3%.

CONCLUSIONSSK is a rare radiological phenomenon. It is typically located at the thoracolumbar junction, where the CM is compressed by the OLF. Our findings indicate that these patients may benefit from a posterior decompressive procedure.

Female ; Humans ; Ligamentum Flavum ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; complications ; Radiography ; Spinal Cord Compression ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical value of 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the liver and its ductal structures using 64-slice spiral CT data in hepatobiliary surgery.

METHODSThe image data of 64-slice spiral CT scanning was obtained from patients with biliary calculi. Image segmentation was performed both using computer programs and manually, and 3D reconstruction of the liver was carried out using Mimics software. The reconstructed model of the liver and the ductal system was exported in STL format, and then into the FreeForm Modeling System for modification and smoothing, followed by image registration of the liver with the ductal system and the calculi.

RESULTSThe reconstructed liver model accurately represented the actual size of the liver and its anatomic landmarks, and by adjusting the transparency of the liver, the hepatic and intrahepatic arteries, veins, the portal vein, some abdominal vessels and the biliary system with the calculi were clearly visualized. The calculi in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts were distinct in terms of the location and number, and dilation and stenosis of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts were also clearly observed. The model presented with realistic profile of the liver that allowed vivid 3D observation. The model also allowed zooming and rotation for observation in full views.

CONCLUSIONSThe reconstructed model of the liver and its ductal system can be useful for preoperative planning and intraoperative complete removal of the calculi from the bile duct, and for the bile duct dilation and stenosis detected in the model, appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the residual calculi and prevent reoccurrence.

Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Gallstones ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Models, Anatomic ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods