Aplasia cutis congenita is an anomaly characterized by absence of localized areas of the integument. The most common type of aplasia cutis congenita is a circular or oval, sharply outlined ulcer 1 to 3cm in diameter on the vertex of the scalp at the level of the posterior fontanel. Two cases of aplasia cutis congenita are presented. The first case was in a male newborn infant with a localized defect on his scalp. The second case was also in a male newborn infant who had extensive symmetrical involvement of his heels. No similar conditions and associating other congenital anomalies were found in the family members of reported cases.
Cranial Fontanelles ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Heel ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Scalp ; Ulcer

In the present study soap chamber test was carried out for assessing irritancy of toilet soaps and soap ingredients. The results obtained in the present study are summarized as follows; This chamber test can discriminate the differences of irritancies between various soaps and soap ingredients. 2. Soap irritancy is not directly related with its alkalinity. 3, Erythema score and scaling score tend to parallel each other with weak correlation(r=p 46), but erythema score and fissuring score show strong correlation (r=p77) Scaling score and fissuring score show moderate correlation(r=p.64), 4. In the eighteen kinds of toilet soaps, two soaps are most irritating, harsh soap and the total irritancy scores of all soaps are within 1. 9 5. 1. Baby soaps are not milder than the common toilet soaps. 5. Generally, total irritancy score of soap ingredients is concentration dependent. Average total irritancy scores of five main soap ingredients in 4 times of recommended allergen concentration are as follows; Builders 5. 30, Perfumes l. 88, Color 0. 70, Fatty acids p. 35 and Superfat p.
Erythema ; Fatty Acids ; Soaps*

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (oriental sore) is usually a self-limited infection of the skin caused by the protozoan Leishmania tropica. The disease is endemic to the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. It has been seen in this country among many Korean technical experts and labourers working in the endemic areas of the disease. Our patient had acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia and it had remained active for six months. He had been treated with antimony and metronidazole but failed because of severe side effects. And then we treated the patient witb cryosurgery and the skin lesions were followed by resolution with cosmetically acceptable scar in 4 months. The brief review of literature on the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis was undertaken.
Africa ; Antimony ; Asia ; Cicatrix ; Cryosurgery* ; Humans ; Leishmania tropica ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous* ; Metronidazole ; Middle East ; Saudi Arabia ; Skin

No abstract available.
Hamartoma* ; Muscle, Smooth*

Scrotal calcinosis, consisting of solitary or multiple circumscribed calcium deposits within the dermis of the scrotum, is generally assumed to be one the idiopathic type of calcinosis. We present herein a case of serotal calcinosis associated with scrotal epidermal cysts in a 29-year-old male patient who had multiple, 2 to 6mm sized, yellowish or flesh colored nodules in the dermis, Histopathologically multiple ncdules showed intact epidermal cyzts, an epidermal cyst with a partialIy degenerated wall and surrounding foreign body reaction, and calcium deposits with foreign body reaction in the dermis without an epithelial lining around calcium deposit. Therefore, idiopathic scrotal calcinosis may repreeent the end stage of dystrophic calcificati.on associated with inflammation of the scrotal epidermal cysts.
Adult ; Calcinosis* ; Calcium ; Dermis ; Epidermal Cyst* ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Scrotum

To observe the role of oxygen free radical and enzymatic scavengers in cerebral ischemia, an infarction model was made using transorbital occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in cats. The changes of the superoxide radical production and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured. The results were as follows ; 1) The infarction of the left middle cerebral artery(MCA) territory was identified with intracardiac perfusion of a TTC solution after transorbital occlusion. 2) The superoxide radical activities after occlusion of the left MCA were not changed in all groups except for the decrease in 6 hours group of the right side compared to the control group(p<0.05). 3) The Mn-superoxide dismutase activities of the left side in the 12 hours group were significantly higher than those of the right side(p<0.01) and those in the control group(p<0.05). 4) The Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase activities of the left side in the 3 hours group after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05). 5) The catalase activities of the left side in the 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours groups after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those of the right side(p<0.05). 6) The catalase activities of the left side in the 12 hours group after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05). The authors suggest that the enzymatic scavangers such as Mn-SOD, Cu, Zn-SOD and catalase increased in the infarcted brain, which means an involvement of free radicals in cerebral infarction.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia ; Catalase* ; Cats ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Free Radicals ; Infarction ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

A retrospective study 40 patients with moderate or severe diffuse axonal injury which is defined as posttraumatic coma for over 24 hours without mass lesions or ischemic insults was conducted in order to identify prognostic parameters. The sign of hypothalamic damage and motor reactivities of 40 patients were reviewed and compared to the outcome. The results were as follows ; 1) The ratio of male to female was about 3 to 1 and the peak incidence was at the first decade. 2) Of abnormal brain stem signs, fever of central origin was observed at the early posttraumatic phase and correlated with nonrecovery of consciousness(P<0.05). 3) Of abnormal brain stem signs, abnormal ADH secretion was significantly correlated with nonrecovery of consciousness(P<0.005). 4) Abnormal motor reactivity to pain was significantly correlated with nonrecovery of consciousness(P<0.005). 5) In the group of recovery of consciousness, initial Glasgow coma scale in 40 patients with moderate or severe DAI was significantly correlated with their outcome(P<0.005).
Brain Stem ; Coma ; Consciousness ; Diffuse Axonal Injury* ; Female ; Fever ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

We present a case of multiple cutaneous leiomyoma in a 45 year old woman. About 20 years ago, multiple skin colored papules developed on right cheek and man4ibular area. About 10 years after the onset of the disease a uterine myoma developed which wae tree,ted by total hysterectomy. The skin lesions were gradually increasing in number and size, Some larger nodular lesions changed to brown in color and became painful after cold exposure. The histopathologic finding showed typical leiomyoma arieing from arrector pilorum muscle.
Cheek ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Leiomyoma* ; Middle Aged ; Skin

Injury to specific areas of the immature brain, in both the human and animals, can result in compensatory reorganization in undamaged adjacent or contralateral areas. The functional plasticity of such compensatory hypertrophy is not well known, but in some cases may be responsible for recovery of function. In order to investigate the effect of unilateral ischemic injury on the contralateral cerebral hemisphere in neonatal rats, early and late changes in various areas of both cerebral hemispheres were assessed. Seventy-seven seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral carotid artery ligation and were then exposed to hypoxia(8% oxygen) for 3 hours. The animals were killed one week(Group I, 58 rats) and three months(Group II, 19 rats) later. Twelve rats, comprising Group III, were exposed to hypoxia for 3 hours without carotid artery ligation. The control group, consisting of 19 rats, did not undergo any of the above procedures. In each slice of brain tissue(4mm posterior to the bregma), the area of the whole brain, each hemisphere, and the frontoparietal, temporal and hippocampal regions in each hemisphere were measured, using the image analysis program(Optimas 5.2), and to assess which regions were affected, proportions of each hemisphere occupied by each region were compared. In Group II, the proportional areas of the frontoparietal(p<0.05) and temporal(p<0.01) regions in the contralateral hemisphere increased significantly, compared with the control group, but the hippocampal region showed no significant change. In Group I, there was no contralateral hypertrophy. The ipsilateral hemisphere showed significant atrophy and there was weight reduction in Groups I(p<0.001) and II(p<0.001). This study suggests that unilateral hypoxia-ischemia results in ipsilateral hemispheric atrophy and contralateral hypertrophy, especially in the frontoparietal and temporal areas, may contribute to some functional recovery and compensation in addition to uncrossed corticospinal or other descending motor systems.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Atrophy ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebrum* ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain* ; Ligation ; Plastics ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recovery of Function ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Blood Transfusion, Autologous*