Objective To explore the characteristics of attachment and the effects of childhood trauma,emotional autonomy and parental rearing style of anxiety disorders.Methods 38 outpatients and hospital patients in Anhui Mental Health Center with anxiety were recruited as the study group,and 39 age-,gender-,and educationmatched adult college students or medical staff were screened as the control group.The study group and control group were assessed with adult attachment questionnaire3.1 (AAQ3.1),parental bonding instrument (PBI),childhood trauma questionnaire 28item short form (CTQ-SF) and emotional autonomy scale (EAS).Results ①Higher levels of insecure adult attachment (84.2％) were reported in the anxiety disorders group compared with the normal controls(10.3％),and the attachment type of two groups had statistical significance(x2 =42.28,P＜0.01).② The attachment of anxiety disorders,emotional autonomy,childhood trauma and the way of parenting was related to different degree.Attachment,childhood trauma and parenting were significantly increased in the anxiety disorders group compared with the normal controls(P＜0.05).The mother attachment factors were significantly correlated with individualized (r=0.405,P＜0.405),mother love (r=0.358,P＜0.358),mother control (r=0.467,P＜0.467),father control (r=0.460,P＜0.01),emotional abuse (r=0.473,P＜0.473) and sexual abuse (r=0.494,P＜0.01).The father attachment factors were significantly correlated with individualized (r=0.520,P＜0.01),emotional abuse (r=0.339,P＜0.339) and sexual abuse (r=0.378,P＜0.05).And individualized,mother love,parental control,emotional and physical abuse could be employed to predict attachment factor.Conclusion The attachment pattern is insecure in the anxiety disorders.Emotional autonomy,childhood trauma and parenting have a significant influence on attachment patterns of anxiety disorders.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Breast Diseases ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pain Management ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; therapy

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Enuresis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion

Objective To evaluate the safety of Fotemustine. Methods The studies had been done according to the experimental method of injection agents in pharmacodynamics guide principle on toxic test methods of application. The vascular stimulative assay of fotemustine injection on rabbit, the hemolyzation or agglutination of it in vitro, and the allergic reaction on guinea pig were performed. Results It was showed that the Fotemustine injection had no vascular irritation and injury effect on rabbit vascular endothelial cell. Compared with that of the control group, there was no difference. Conclusion No evidences of hemolyzation and aggregation on rabbit erythrocyte, and no allergic reaction on guinea pig were observed.

Objective To explore the best treatment program for neurogenic dysphagia (ND) by observing the efficacy of three different rehabilitation programs.Methods Eighty-two dysphagic patients were randomly divi-ded into a swallowing training group (which received mouth,facial,and tongue function training along with cold sti-mulation of the pharynx,Mendelson's swallowing training,and swallowing behavior coordination training) and a group which received neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) only.Low-frequency NMES was applied at the location of the swallowing obstacle using a biphase square wave 700ms long at 30-80 Hz with a current intensity of 0-15 mA.There was also a combined treatments group which received swallowing behavior therapy combined with NMES.All three groups were treated for 30 min daily for 20 days.Videofluoroscopy (VFSS) was conducted before and after treatment to assess swallowing function.Results After 20 days of treatment,swallowing function had improved in all three groups.The effectiveness rate was 73% in the swallowing training group,83% in the NMES group and 94% in the combined treatment group.The average VFSS score in the combined therapy group was significantly higher than that of either the swallowing training or NMES group.Conclusions NMES combined with swallowing behavior the-rapy can greatly improve swallowing function in patients with neurogenic dysphagia,especially those with pseudosupranuclear paralysis.

Objective:To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the process of chemotherapy for a patient with intracranial glioma. Methods:Usage and dosage of antitumor drugs, drug interactions, adverse drug reactions and medication education after dis-charged as the breakthrough points, clinical pharmacists and clinicians explored options for the patient treatment and adjusted the medi-cation timely according to the condition. Results:There were no serious adverse drug reactions in the adjusted therapeutic regimen and the treatment results of the patient were satisfactory. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care can play an impor-tant role in improving the safety and effectiveness of drug use.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of concurrent interventional cisplatin,leucovorin,fluorouracil,hydroxy camptothecin chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in patients with Ⅳ stage middle-lower section esophageal cancer.Methods The subjects were all the patients with Ⅳ stage middle-lower section esophageal cancer.Among of them,42 patients,via artery,had been enrolled for concurrent interventional cisplatin,leucovorin,fluorouracil,hydroxy camptothecin chemotherapy plus radiotherapy.40 patients were given irradiation.Results The incidence rate of Ⅰ grade esophageal X-ray in the former group was 57.1%,and that in the later group was 25.0%,and the parameters had significant difference(?0.05).Conclusion Concurrent interventional cisplatin,leucovorin,fluorouracil,hydroxy camptothecin chemotherapy plus radiotherapy may be attributed to progression of Ⅳ stage middle-lower section esophageal cancer.

The antagonistic effects of phentolamin(PL) and tolasuline(TS) on norepinephrine(NE)-induced vasoconstriction were investigated in vitro on aortic rings of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats in Kreb-Henseilet solution containing 40?IU/ml insulin.The results showed that in the presence of high level insulin,the antagonistic actions of ?-receptor blocking agents,PL and TS,were markedly decreased.The pharmacodynamic parameters indicated that the affinity index and action intensity of PL and TS were significantly reduced in solution containing high level insulin.The experimental results showed that high concentration insulin could decrease the antagonistic effects of ?-receptor blocking agents on NE-induced vasoconstriction.

BUMwith high insulin level.

Objective To better understand students' professional perception,humanistic education status quo and their preference to different humanistic education methods.Methods Questionnaire was conducted for 990 undergraduate students (2006 grade- 2010 grade) at medical school of Shanghai Jiao Tong university.SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to analyze results of the questionnaire.Results Nearly 45％ students chose to major in clinical medicine out of personal interest.The identification of students for humanistic quality was lower than that for clinical knowledge and skills.More than 50％ students believed doctors were with high humanistic quality and there was a gap between students′ action and their understanding of the medical career identity and medical humanistic cultivation.More than 50％ students preferred activities that train medical and auxiliary skills.Nearly 67％ students also showed a shallow reading habit from regular internet surfing.Conclusion The professional perception of medical students are influenced by both social and historical factors influence.The gap between understanding and action is a consequence of current humanistic educational system.The humanistic educational methodology should conform to the psychological and s~ial characteristics of contemporary students.