Objective To discuss the values of renal function indicators in predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD) .Methods According to eGFR ,212 cases of CKD patients were divided into three groups :group A (eGFR> 60 mL · min-1 · 1 .73 m -2 ) , group B (eGFR 30-60 mL · min-1 · 1 .73 m-2 ) ,and group C (eGFR<30 mL · min-1 · 1 .73 m-2 ) .175 cases of patients with the risk of CKD and 60 cases of healthy people were selected at the same time and brought into high‐risk group and normal control group ,respectively .The ratios of microalbumin and creatinine in urine (UmAlb/Cr) ,and the serum levels of Urea ,creatinine(Cr) , uric acid(UA) ,cystatin C(CysC) ,β2‐microglobulin(BMG) and homocysteine(Hcy) in all the groups were detected .Results There were differences in the levels of CysC and BMG among the three groups of CKD patients(P<0 .05) ,as well as between high‐risk group and normal control group ,with significant difference (P<0 .05) .Conclusion CysC and BMG can be used as effective indica‐tors of CKD prediction .

AIM To observe the antinociceptive effects of glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) and to study their relative mechanism. METHODS The effects of GCS on normal and inflammatory animals were observed in mouse acetic acid writhing test, mouse formalin test and arthritic flexion test of adjuvant arthritis(AA) rats; the concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) secreted by the synovial cells of AA rats were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTSDifferent doses of GCS (60, 120, 240 mg·kg-1 for mice and 30, 60, 120 mg·kg-1 for rats, ig) inhibited mice′s writhing response and second phase of formalin response. It also suppressed the increased arthritic flexion scores in AA rats. On 28 d after inflammation induction, GCS (60, 120 mg·kg-1) decreased the concentration of PGE2 and TNF-α of synovial cells in the AA rats. CONCLUSIONGCS have antinociceptive effects, which related to its inhibitory effects on peripheral inflammatory mediators.

AIM:To investigate the effect and safety of intravitreous injection of conbercept ( 0. 5mg ) on macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO) . ·METHODS: According to the selective criteria, from October 2014 to October 2015, 48 cases ( 48 eyes ) of patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO were collected, which were divided randomly into conbercept group ( 24 cases, 24 eyes ) and control group ( triamcinolone acetonide 4mg/0. 1mL, 24 cases , 24 eyes ) . The best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure, intravitreous injection, fundus oculi, central macular thickness ( CMT ) and related complications were observed before and 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after intravitreous injection. · RESULTS: There was no difference on BCVA, intraocular pressure, intravitreous injection, fundus oculi and CMT between the two groups before operations ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) of the BCVA between two groups after treatment for 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo. Before and after treatment, the decrease of CMT in conbercept group was respectively 130. 17 ± 1. 72μm, 253. 33 ±3. 14μm, 318. 00±1. 41μm, 20. 01±1. 21μm and 15. 09 ± 1. 41μm, and no related complications. The decrease of CMT in control group was respectively 132. 5± 2.07μm, 249.67±1.21μm, 317.50±4.23μm, 18.01±1.41μm and 16. 09 ± 1. 31μm, and no related complications. There were no significant differences (F=6. 882, P=0. 663>0. 05) of CMT between two groups after treatment for 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo. Injection times were respectively 2. 83 ± 0. 72 and 3. 17 ± 0. 71 in control group and conbercept group, and the difference between two groups has no statistical significance (P>0. 05). There were 4 cases (17%) of paracentesis of anterior chamber, 3 cases ( 13%) of intraocular hypertension and 1 case ( 4%) of complicated cataract in control group. There was no related complications in conbercept group. ·CONCLUSION: Intravitreous injection of conbercept for macular edema secondary to CRVO is effective, safe and less complications.

Abstract?AlM: To compare the in- the- bag lOL stability of different size of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis ( CCC) in super high myopic eyes with cataract underwent phacoemulsification.?METHODS: A total of fourteen cataract patients with bilateral super high myopia were included, Phaco+lOL implantation were performed on both eyes, one eye was randomly classified into 5mm diameter CCC observation group, the fellow eye was 6mm diameter CCC observation group. Cataract extraction combined with in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation ( lOL ) with the type of hydrophilic acrylic aspheric intraocular lens ( MCX11 ) by well experienced surgeon. The operation was running smoothly, the next day after operation, all patients were confirmed by lmage-pro plus6. 0 image analysis software for the measurement of main meridian sac diameter with target capsulorhexis diameter no more than ±0. 2mm. Slit lamp examination of lOL shape and position, changes of anterior capculorhexis edge, refraction, anterior chamber depth was measured and observed of all eyes after operation 1wk;1, 3, 6mo.? RESULTS: Compared with postoperation 1wk, the former sac diameter of two groups were slightly smaller at postoperation 1mo, with no statistically significant difference between two groups. 5mm diameter CCC observation group had slightly hyperopic shift in follow-up 1-3mo, 6mm diameter CCC observation group had hyperopic shift in follow-up 1mo, and getting stable after 1mo. Refraction change was related to anterior chamber depth changes. 5mm diameter CCC observation group had 3 minor loop folding in follw-up 3mo.?CONCLUSlON:Relatively smaller continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis in super high myopic eyes underwent cataract surgery may cause a tendency of uneven construction or effective lens position change of in-the-bag lOL. Unusual refraction change or shift after operation 1mo could suggest instability of lOL, early noticing or interruption could prevent further complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Airway Management ; Cyanides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; nursing ; Young Adult

Objective To build a simulation model for outpatients queuing,using data from a general outpatient cardiovascular clinic of a general hospital in Shanghai and different rules in the process.The study employs time-interval controlled mode for appointment registration,for the purpose of analyzing characteristics of different queues.Methods Extraction of data of the clinic in a given month by means of HIS system to determine the parameters of the queuing models.Building the simulation model with Matlab to develop the plan of mixed queues and that of discrete queues,for analyzing the waiting time variations,with different number of doctors on duty and different number of appointments in one time interval.Resnlts In the Monday mornings for example,the mean waiting time of appointments or no-appointments are calculated by simulation with different queuing rules,different number of doctors on duty and different appointment quantities of one time interval.Conclusion The mean waiting times of appointments and no-appointments can be both sizably cut short by means of time-interval controlled appointment; different queuing plans are recommended for different departments; the simulation model should be further verified and optimized in practice.

? AlM: To examine choroidal thickness and its relationship with axial length and spherical equivalent by spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD -OCT ) in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization ( mCNV) .
?METHODS: We prospectively recruited 30 cases of mCNV in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2010 to December 2014. SD-OCT was used to measure choroidal thickness subfoveally and at 1. 5mm superiorly, inferiorly, nasally and temporally ( SFCT, SCT1. 5mm , lCT1. 5mm , NCT1. 5mm , TCT1. 5mm ) . Paired t- test was conducted to assess the difference of spherical equivalent, axial length and choroidal thickness between mCNV group and controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between spherical equivalent, axial length, choroidal thickness and mCNV.
?RESULTS: The difference of spherical equivalent and axial length between mCNV group and controls was not significant (P>0. 05). lnferior was decreased in mCNV group compared with controls (140. 85±33. 46μm vs 168. 95±45. 36μm). The difference was significant (P=0. 008). Logistic regression demonstrated that decreased choroidal thickness ( lCT1. 5mm ) at inferior location was associated with mCNV (OR=2. 12;95%CI 1. 35~3. 28;P=0. 02).
?CONCLUSlON: The decrease of lCT1. 5MM may be one of the risk factors of mCNV.

Objective:To develop a highly efficacious and sensitive immunological reagent for further investigation on the retinoic acid-induced gene I (Rig-I) of mouse .Methods:The Helicase domain coding region (726-2 240 bp) of mRig-I-H was cloned into plasmid pET15b (+) to construct the recombinant plasmid pET15b(+)-mRig-I-H.Then the plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21 for protein expression.Rabbits were immunized with electrophoresis-purified recombinant protein to obtain the polyclonal antibody against mRig-I-H.The titer of polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA and the specificity was identified by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Results:The recombinant protein was expressed successfully in E.coli.Western blot analysis showed that target protein was expressed with a molecular weight of 40 kD.Titer of the polyclonal antibody was about 1∶1?105 by ELISA assay.With this antibody,we could detect the expression of Rig-I in RAW 264.7 cell line by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Conclusion:The high level expression of Rig-I Helicase domain is induced in E.coli expressing system.Anti-mRig-I-H polyclonal antibody with high titer and fine specificity could be a novel tool in future investigation of Rig-I.

Adult ; Aged ; Amylases ; metabolism ; Diarrhea ; blood ; enzymology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Single-Blind Method

AS a result of a better understanding,people pay increasing attention to the adverse effect of traditional Chinese medicine. Chansu as a rare Chinese traditional medicine has been widely used in clinical treatment and known to have cardiotoxicity. The mechanism and relationships with blood drug concentrations need to be elucidated urgently. Bufadienolides,whose chemical structure is similar to that of digoxigenin,are the major component of Chansu and also belong to cardiac glycosides. They show both excitation and inhibition effects on the heart. Myocardial cells can not only be excited to trigger tachycardia and rapid arrhythmias at a low dose,but inhibited to induce heart block and slow arrhythmias at a high dose. As the key regulator of intracellular energy and calcium ion concentration , Na+/K+ATPase can be inhibited by bufadienolides through a combination of alpha subunits of the enzyme , resulting in calcium overload and energy disorders in myocardial cells. This might be the main mechanism of cardiotoxicity. In this paper,the progress in experimental research of substances of cardiotoxicity,animal tests,enzyme and ion channel,lipid metabolism and ion homeostasis,correlations between pharma?cokinetics and cardiotoxicity are reviewed.