Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; China ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; methods

Objective To evaluate the influence of up-regulation of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP 78)induced by 2-deoxyglucose(2DG)on fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress and the unification of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium.Methods (1) Fetal rat intrauterine distress model was established and rats were divided into normal group(n=10),ischemiareperfusion(IR) group( n = 40) and treatment group ( n = 40, injection of 2DG into pregnant rats' abdomen after operation ). (2) Neuron apoptosis and the influence of 2DG on apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expression of GRP78, caspase-9,-12,and cytoron C protein were detected by western blot technique. Results (1) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in normal group was 4. 3±1. 8 /mm2. The expression of GRP78,caspase-9,-12, cytoron C in cytoplasm were 0.012±0.003, 0.004±0.003, 0.006±0.002, 0.012±0. 005, respectively. (2) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the IR group were 43.6±11.4/mm2( reperfusion 3 h), 64. 4±9. 3/mm2 (repeffusion 6 h), 74. 2±12. 1/mm2 ( repeffusion 12 h), 97. 3±8. 9 /mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly more than that in normal group(P ＜0. 05).The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 092±0. 008 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 078±0.006 (reperfusion 6 h), 0.054±0.009 (reperfusion 12 h), 0.038±0.007 (reperfusion 24 h),respectively. The expression of cytoren C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 040±0. 006 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 076±0. 009 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 108±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 089±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 042±0. 003 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 086±0. 007 ( reperfusion 6 h ), 0. 142±0. 006 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 112±0. 009 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 076±0. 006 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 113±0. 010 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 057±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). (3) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the treatment group were 19.4±10. 6/mm2 ( reperfusion 3 h), 26. 4±12. 3/mm2 ( repeffusion 6 h), 39. 3±13.3/mm2 ( reperfusion 12 h), 49. 3±13. 6/mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but more than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in the treatment group were 0. 158±0.012 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 175±0. 005 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 013 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 079±0. 004 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in IR group and normal group (P＜0. 05 ). The expression of cytoron C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 026±0. 002 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 042±0. 008 (repeffusion 6 h),0. 062±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 045±0. 004 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 033±0. 002 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 063±0. 005(reperfusion 6 h), 0. 092±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 068±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively.The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 061±0. 004 ( reperfusion 3 h),0. 068±0. 009 ( reperfusion 6 h), 0. 072±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 054±0. 005 ( repedusion 24 h),respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). Conclusions Fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress is associated with the action of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium. Up-regulation of GRP78 induced by 2DG counteracts primary cellular damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress. 2DG plays a protective role for fetal rat cerebral neuron following intrauterine distress.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of medical therapy after conservative operation for endometriosis.(Methods)Endometriosis was confirmed in 89 patients by laparoscopic inspection,and conservative operations were performed to remove the adhesion,excise or destroy all the endometriotic tissues,including single excision of endo-(metriotic) masses or plus unilateral salpingoophorectomy,and to restore pelvic anatomy to the best possible condition.All the patients were divided into two groups randomly: treatment group(n=44),three months drug therapy of go-(nadotropin-)releasing hormone analogs(GnRHa) after operation;control group(n=45),no drug therapy after operation.Clinical symptoms,concentrations of CA-125,manual and ultrasonic pelvic check-up,as well as pregnancy rate to those who had a desire for future fertility(n=28)were followed up. Results All the patients experienced alleviation of clinical symptoms after the operation.The recurring rates: 0% in treatment group vs 4% in control group six months later;2% in treatment group vs 4% in control group 12 months later(P

Objective To explore the mucosal healing quality of hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole in gastric ulcer.Methods Forty-two patients visiting from June 2014 to December 2015 and diagnosed with gastric ulcer were selected and divided into combination therapy group and single therapy group with 21 patients in each group.The patients of combination therapy group received esomeprazole combined with hydrotalcite,and the patients of single therapy group received esomeprazole alone.The total therapeutic course was eight weeks.At the same period,21 health check-up participants were enrolled as normal control group.The healing of gastric ulcer was observed under white light endoscopy.The morphological changes of gastric pits and microvessel of mucosal at peripheral mucosa around ulcer and normal gastric mucosal were observed under narrow band imaging magnifying endoscopy.The gastric mucosa tissues of the two groups before and after treatment,and normal gastric mucosa of healthy control group were taken.The amount of deposition and composition of collagen fibers,the expression level of factor Ⅷ,the level of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and the content of hydroxyproline were analyzed by Masson,immunofluorescent and immunohistochemistry staining as well as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Chi square test,one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),least significant difference (LSD) method,Dunnett's T3 and Kruskal-Wallis test and other method were used for comparison.Results After treatment,18 patients of combination therapy group (21 patients) had regular microvessel nets (85.7％),which was significantly more than those of single therapy group (12 cases,57.1％) and healthy control group (10 cases,47.6 ％),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.200,P=0.040).In the comparison of maturity of regenerative mucosa between combination therapy group and single therapy group after treatment,the ration between collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅱ,deposition of collagen fibers,the number of factor Ⅷ positive cells,the level of TGF-beta1 and the content of hydroxyproline were 36.05 and 23.14;269 375.63.± 171 608.63 and 137 693.14±98 330.93;34.91±8.40 and 28.24±6.93;104 498.71±40 487.96 and 70 757.11±19 323.95;(1 897.80±879.35) and (1 230.57±536.05) μg/L,respectively;while in healthy control group,the above parameters were 36.81,245 696.90 ± 224 687.00,23.10 ± 8.40,94 048.04 ±41 306.55 and 1 681.20 ± 423.61 μg/L,and the differences were statitically significant among these three groups (H=7.375,F=3.465,11.680,5.190,5.160;all P＜0.05).Those parameters of combination therapy group were significantly higher than those of single therapy group (H=2.416,LSD method;all P＜0.05).Conclusion Hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer could significantly improve microvessel morphology,maturity degree of regenerative mucosal structure and function,and the mucosal healing quality was also superior to single esomeprazole group.

Objective To analyze the stability of chromosome variant ratio of three available transformed corneal cell lines. Methods Chromosome specimens of transformed cells including human corneal epithelial cells(HCE),bovine corneal endothelial cells(BCE) and rabbit corneal epithelial cells(RCE) were prepared by a direct method using regular Giemsa staining. Chromosomes of cells in metaphase were counted under the microscope. Then, the variant ratio of chromosomes and their nuclear types were analyzed. Results The chromosome numbers were 56 to 65, 27 to 34 and 74 to 88 for HCE, BCE and RCE, respectively. Chromosome numbers in the three commonly used and transformed corneal cell lines were changed in comparison to their parent tissues. Conclusion Genotyping study may provide important information for using HCE、BCE、RCE in functional studies.

OBJECTIVEIn this study, five heavy metals contamination of soil and different parts of Panax notoginseng in the plantation area was investigated. Analysis of heavy metals correlation between the planting soil and P. notoginseng; and the absorption and accumulation characteristics and translocation of soil heavy metals by P. notoginseng plants was revealed.

METHODThrough field investigation and laboratory analytical methods, analysis of China's 30 different soil P. notoginseng origin and content of heavy metals in five different parts of the P. notoginseng plant content of heavy metals.

RESULTThe results revealed that the soil heavy metals should not be neglected in the plantation area Referring to the national soil quality standards (GB15608-1995), the excessive degree of soil heavy metals pollution showed Hg > As > Cd > Cr in the plantation area, and Pb content of soil was in the scope of the standard. Refer to 'Green Industry Standards for Import and Export of Medical Plants and Preparations', the excessive degree of heavy metals content of P. notoginseng plants showed As > Pb > Cr > Cd, and Hg content of plants was in the scope of the standard. Concentrations of five heavy metals of underground parts of P. notoginseng plants are higher than aboveground, and heavy metals elements are more concentrated in the root, followed by the rhizome of P. notoginseng plants. Heavy metal accumulation characteristics of the different parts of the P. notoginseng of the overall performance is the root > the rhizome > the root tuber > leaves > stems. From the point of view BCF value analysis of various parts of the P. notoginseng plants to absorb heavy metals in soil, BCF values of all samples were less than 1, description P. notoginseng not belong Hyperaccumulator. From the view of transportation and related analysis of the soil-P. notoginseng systems, the rhizome of P. notoginseng and the content of As and Cr in soil was significantly correlated, the root of P. notoginseng and the content of Cd in soil was significantly correlated, and no significant correlation between the other indicators. Through the analysis of transportation transfer coefficient showed: Pb, As and Cr are not easy to transport aboveground part from the underground, but Cd and Hg are relatively easy to transport stems from rhizome, the migration of five heavy metals in the aerial part is relatively strong, and heavy metal of stems is easily transported to the leaves.

CONCLUSIONP. notoginseng does not belong to the enrichment of heavy metals in crops, especially for Hg in soil with strong patience. In survey area, the content of heavy metals of P. notoginseng's planting soil is relatively high, and the heavy metals As, Pb, Cr, Cd of P. notoginseng also exist heavy metals exceeded problems. Due to the presence of heavy metals in crops internal absorption and translocation of special laws, accumulation of heavy metals varied significantly in different parts of P. notoginseng. The overall, the performance for the heavy metal content of the underground parts is more than aboveground, it explain heavy metals of P. notoginseng plants is still the main source of the soiL Therefore, the key to control of planting area soil environmental quality and reduce exogenous harmful substances secondary pollution of soil in the cultivation process are to study and solve the heavy metals pollution problem of P. notoginseng.

Adsorption ; China ; Laboratories ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Soil ; chemistry ; Soil Pollutants ; analysis

To study the potential effect of Dioscorea nipponica(DN) in intervening peripheral system of rats based on metabolomic analysis. The identification of the potential intervention targets of DN in peripheral system may facilitate its safe application and therapeutic potential exploitation. Totally 20 male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group and the DN-treated groups, with 10 rates in each group. The DN-treated group was orally administrated with DN extracts once a day for 5 days, with the dose of 80 mg x kg(-1) (equivalent to 15 g crude drug in human), and the blank group was given equal volume of saline once a day for 5 days. Heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney tissues and serum samples were collected from each rat 24 h later after the last administration. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry based metabolomics was used to investigate the effect of DN in intervening peripheral system of rats. After the treatment with DN, 5 modulated metabolites in heart tissue, 6 in liver tissue, 5 in spleen tissue, 3 in lung tissue, 5 in kidney tissue and 6 in serum sample were identified and considered as the potential intervention targets of DN. Effect of DN in regulating some endogenous metabolites was beneficial for protecting peripheral system, while that in other endogenous metabolites produced potential toxicity to peripheral system. The metabolomic analysis revealed the coexistence of protective and toxic effects of DN on peripheral system, which may be a practical guidance for its safe application and beneficial to the expansion of its application scope.
Animals ; Dioscorea ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; Kidney ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lung ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the electrocardiography(ECG)data of pressure overload-induced cardiac hy pertrophy rats.Methods Pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aorta constriction. Echocardiogram and heart weight measurement demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy.Standardized ECG parameters of limb and chest were measured and statistically analyzed.Results Two weeks after hypertrophy models were established,echocardiogram showed greater LVPWTd,IVSTd,LVDd.ECG showed that left axis deviation and higher R waves in V_A,V_B,V_C(P

AIM: To determine the association between subfoveal choroidal thickness before therapy and therapeutic activity in diabetic macular edema.
METHODS: The current study was a retrospective study, which included 32 patients ( 32 eyes ) diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. All the patients were firstly treated with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. Main outcome measures were included the subfoveal choroidal thickness, central macular thickness and best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) at preoperation and postoperative visit at 3mo.
RESULTS: After 3 monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, the BCVA was significantly higher than that before therapy and accompanied with significantly reduced thickness of subfoveal choroid and central fovea of macula. Spearman analysis was revealed that a greater baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness was associated with a better BCVA (rs=0. 544, P=0. 036).
CONCLUSION:In the therapy of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab on diabetic macular edema, there seems to be a better BCVA in the patients with a greater baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness. Therefore, baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness may be a useful predictor for the therapy of diabetic macular edema.

? AlM: To evaluate the clinical application of simply performing phacoemulsification or combining intravitreal Ranibizumab injection in the treatment of cataract combined with diabetic retinopathy.
?METHODS:Forty-six patients (46 eyes) were recruited in this study. All of the patients were non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy without significant macular edema. They were randomly divided into two groups, the control group simply performed phacoemulsification, while the study group performed intravitreal Ranibizumab injection and phacoemulsification. Observation of indicators included the condition of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, macular retinal thickness and complication at preoperative and postoperative 1, 6mo.
? RESULTS: BCVA and macular retinal thickness of patients in two groups had no differences in the preoperative and postoperative 1mo. At postoperative 6mo, the BCVA of the study group was better than that in the control group, while its macular retinal thickness was thinner than that in the control group (P<0. 05). The ratio of macular edema ( central macular thickness was >60μm than that in control group) was 13. 0% eyes in the study group which was significantly lower than the control group (47. 8%;P = 0. 033). The complications was no significant differences in two groups and neither occurred severe complications.
?CONCLUSlON: lntravitreal Ranibizumab injection can reduce the development of macular edema and improve the BCVA after phacoemulsification.