No abstract available.
Barium* ; Colon* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

Recently, cell cycle regulators have been suggested as new prognostic factors of the lung cancer. In this study, we evaluated the expression of cyclin D1, p21, and p53 using the X2-test, with regard to the stage of the patients, histologic type, and histologic differentiation in the 135 cases of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). To evaluate the confounding effects among cyclin D1, p21, and p53 on X2-test analysis, we used the Mantel-Haenzel test. The NSCLC in this study included 82 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 53 cases of adenocarcinoma. Each nuclear staining of cyclin D1, p21, and p53 was observed in 65 cases (48.1%), in 54 cases (40.0%), and in 81 cases (60.0%) of NSCLCs, respectively. Only p53 expression was significantly associated with the stage (stage I, II, IIIa) (p<0.05) and squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.05). On the other hand, cyclin D1 expression was significantly associated with the histologic differentiation. The confounding effects among cyclin D1, p21, and p53 revealed that only p21 expression changed the relationship between p53 and stage. In this regard, further study is needed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Cycle ; Cyclin D1* ; Cyclins* ; Hand ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Prognosis*

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating*

PURPOSE: Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is very difficult because of no specific clinical and laboratory findings. It also takes at least 48 hours of incubation period to isolate the organism by culture study. So several laboratory tests have been evaluated for their usefulness in rapid detection of the neonatal sepsis. Those are evaluated either singly or in combination with a defined scoring system include leukocyte count with differential count, platelet count, C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, haptoglobin level, fibronectin level, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase and so on. But no single test or combination with others has proved superior to the leukocyte count and differential count as a reliable indirect indicator of neonatal bacterial infection. We performed this study to determine the appropriate screening test for early detection of neonatal sepsis. METHODS: During the period of May 1991 through April 1997, we selected 200 neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Kon-Kuk University Medical Center Seoul Hospital. All of the cases were retrospectively evaluated and divided two groups; sepsis group-88 neonates who were confirmed by blood cultures, and control group-112 neonates who had no evidence of neonatal bacterial infection. RESULTS: The results were as follows; 1) The sex ratio of male to female was 1.5:1 in the sepsis group and showed significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The incidence of neonatal sepsis in prernature infant was higher in sepsis group than control group (P<0.05), and mean body weight was lower in sepsis group (2351.4148.3g) than control group (Z821.8 142.6g) significantly (P<0.05). 2) Predisposing perinatal factors associated with neonatal sepsis were premature rupture of membrane (> or = 24hrs) (14.5%) meconiurn staining (6.8%), asphyxia (Apgar score < or = 6 at 5mins) (5.7%), eclampsia and preeclampsia (4.5%), maternal infection (3.4%) and bleeding (including placenta previa, abruptio placenta) (1.1%) in order of frequency. Among th, only premature rupture of membrane was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Others risk factors including umbilical catheterization, endotracheal intubation, ventilatory care, total parenteral nutrition were also signi- ficant difference between two groups (P<0.05). 3) The common presenting symptoms of neonatal sepsis were jaundice (48.9%), poor feeding (45.5%), ternperature instability (43.2%), lethargy (30.7%), irritability, dyspnea, diarrhea, vomiting, tachypnea, and cyanosis in order of frequency. Among the above symptoms, poor feeding, dyspnea and cyanosis were significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). 4) The peripheral blood findings (leukocyte count, platelet count, ESR) showed no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). The acute phase reactants (APR) score above two (37/88) and positive C-reactive protein (51/88) in the sepsis group were regarded as significantly high compared to the control group. 5) In the cases with APR score above two including positive C-reactive protein and abnormal total leukocyte count, sensitivity was 17.0%, specificity 97.3% positive predictive predictive value 83.3%, and negative predictive value 60.0%. CONCLUSIONS: The higher frequency of neonatal sepsis was proved in the cases of APR score above two including positive C-reactive protein. In the cases with abnormal total leukocyte count and APR score above two including positive C-resctive protein, the specificity was 97.3% and the positive predictive value was 83.8%. So APR score above two including positive C-reactive protein and abnormal total leukocyte count could be regarded as an useful test method for early detection of neonatal sepsis.
Academic Medical Centers ; Acute-Phase Proteins ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Asphyxia ; Bacterial Infections ; Blood Sedimentation ; Body Weight ; C-Reactive Protein ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cyanosis ; Diarrhea ; Dyspnea ; Early Diagnosis* ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Fibronectins ; Haptoglobins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Jaundice ; Lethargy ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Membranes ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Placenta Previa ; Platelet Count ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul ; Sepsis* ; Sex Ratio ; Tachypnea ; Vomiting

Econazole is one of the new imidazole derivatives displaying antifungal and antibacterial properties in vitro and in vivo. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Econazole in patients with dermatomycoses anl to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration in vitro. A total of 48 patients with various forrns of dermatomycoses(25 patienta with T. cruris, 13 with T. pedis, l with T. corporis, 4 with T. versicolor and 5 with candidiasis) entered this study at the Departement of Dermatology, University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University during 3 months period. from July to September, 1976. Dia,gnosis was established clinically as well as microscopically by direct KOH mount. All patients were instructed to apply 1:o Econazole solution two to three times daily on the affected area for four to seven weeks and weekly examination of the clinical lesions and direct KOH mount were performed. In addition, minimal inhibitory concentration for Trichophyton mentagrophy tes was determined by the modified dilution technique in vitro. The results were as follows. 1. Thirty five patients (72. 9F) were cured clinically and microscopieally and thc remainders showed marked clinical improvement but positive KOH mount at 4 th week of treatment. At 7th week, nine (18.8io) of the remainders were cured clinically and microscopically and the overall cure rate at 7th week was 91. 7%. Five patients with tinea cruris experienced trar.sient irritation derrnatitis on their crural regions. 2. The minimal inhibitory coriceritration of Econazole for Trichophyton mentagrophytes was 25 pg per ml. of medium. The authors concluded that the 1 i Econazole was highly effective in the treatment of superficial rnycoses and the side effects were rninimal and only transient.
Dermatology ; Dermatomycoses* ; Dronabinol ; Econazole* ; Humans ; Indicator Dilution Techniques ; Seoul ; Tinea ; Trichophyton

No abstract available.
Leptospira interrogans* ; Leptospira*

VEPs weie recorded in 222 cases of different disease groups and in 42cases of the control group using a Nicolet CA 1000 system. The latency time of N1, P1, N2, and P2 from the prominent surface peak and the P1-N2 amplitude at full field pattern reversal VEP. The score of each disease group was compared with those of the control group. The results are as follows; 1. Functional amblyopia, optic neuritis, and optic nerve atrophy patients presented a significant derrease in amplitude in comparison to normal subiects. 2. In the P1 implicit time, optic neuritis, and optic nerve atrophy patients presented a marked delay. Functional amblyopia patients presented a moderate delay while other disease group patients presented normal to mild delays. 3. More than half of the optic neuritis and optic nerve atrophy patients presented a detraction of the P1 wave form.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Amblyopia/*diagnosis ; Brain Diseases/*diagnosis ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; *Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Optic Atrophy/*diagnosis ; Optic Neuritis/*diagnosis ; Time Factors

BACKGROUND: Knowing the magnitude of a problem is the first step to improving it, and quantifying the health- related quality of life (HRQOL) allows us to do it with respect to stroke. To identify the HRQOL in patients with ischemic stroke and its affecting factors, and compare it with other clinical and functional scales. METHODS: A consecutive series of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) was recruited. Their HRQOL and utilities were assessed using the EQ-5 Dindex-which evaluates the health profile of an individual in five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and three levels (no problem, some/moderate problems, and extreme problems)-at 1 year after stroke. The Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), Barthel Index (BI), and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used to measure clinical and functional statuses. The EQ-5D index and the clinical and functional statuses were compared by clinical parameters, and the relationships among those scales were examined. Additionally, the EQ-5D index in the patients was compared with that in age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Among 538 patients with AIS or TIA, 465 patients (males, 59.8%; age, 65.3+/-11.8 [mean+/-SD]; TIA, 7.7%; and initial NIHSS, 4.5+/-5.1) were evaluated. The EQ-5D index and the clinical and functional statuses were clearly aggravated by age, but did not differ with most of the risk factors. The EQ-5D index was strongly and significantly correlated with scores on the MRS, BI, and NIHSS. The EQ-5D index was lower in patients (especially older ones) than in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the EQ-5D is a feasible and valid tool for measuring HRQOL in patients with AIS or TIA.
Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Quality of Life ; Resin Cements ; Risk Factors ; Self Care ; Stroke ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Myxoma*

No abstract available.
Thioctic Acid*