Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of two surgical procedures including retropubic space pathway and obturator foramen pathway in treatment of the old women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods Intravaginal Slingplasty (IVS) procedure by retropubic space pathway was performed in 52 cases with simple SUI from June 2003 to June 2005. And the modified Transobturator Vaginal Tape Inside-Out (TVT-O) procedure was carried out in 112 cases with simple SUI from October 2005 to October 2008, using self-tailed polypropylene mesh and helical needles. The comparative retrospective study was performed between these two groups. Results The cure rate was 80.8% (42/52) and the improvement rate was 13.5% (7/52) in IVS group. And the corresponding data were 84.8% (95/112) and 11.6% (13/112) in modified TVT-O group. The 3 (5.8%) cases failed in IVS procedure and 4 (3.6%) cases failed in modified TVT-O procedure at 1 month's follow-up. All of the 7 patients received the 'Tong's hammock procedure' and no cases failed at 6 and 12 month's follow-up. One case of vaginal erosion was found in each group although good effect of continence was observed. Meshes were removed in these two patients and then the 'Tong's hommock procedure' was performed which turned out to be good outcome. Bladder injuries were found in 3 cases when route cystoscopy was performed. No significant difference in efficacy was found between these two groups(P＞0. 05). In modified TVT-O group, operative duration, blood loss and medical cost were significantly reduced as compared with IVS group (P＜0. 01). Conclusions Both of the two surgical procedures of modified TVT-O versus IVS are simple, safe and mini-invasive procedures with high efficacy. However, the modified TVT-O procedure is more easy to be adopted by patients due to short operative time and lower medical cost.

Objective To investigate the prognostic effect of quantity of lymph node(LN)resected in operations of patients with stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods The clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 74 patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC who were treated with surgery from January 1998 to December 2002 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University were reviewed retrospectively.Grouping the patients, according to the quantity of lymph node resected, the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of factors with prognostic effect.Results The five year survival rate and disease-free survival(DFS)rate of these 74 patients were 64.9% and 47.3%.The univariate analysis showed that tumor size(P =0.016),T-staging (P =0.008)and extent of lymph node dissection(P =0.013)could influence the survival rate.The 5-year OS and DFS rates of patients with less than 6 LNs resected were less than the other group(more than 6 LNs)apparently.The multifactorial analysis indicated that other than staging, the quantity of lymph node resected was also an influence factor of prognosis.Conclusions The OS rate of patients has positive correlation with quantity of lymph node resected in operations.Six LNs must be resected leastways in operations of patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC.

Content of osteocyte in bone tissue is the most abundant, the most widely distributed, and embedding the cells in the mineralized bone matrix, the life can be close to the life of the body. Osteocyte formed by the cytoplasm dendritic communication network system between osteocyte and bone surface, is of great significance to maintaining the normal physiological function of bone tissue. Bone cells as the direct receptor of bone mechanical stress, through the release of bioactive factors such as PEG2, NO, ATP and classic Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway mechanical stress signal can be converted to bone formation and bone resorption of biochemical signals, and the biochemical signals were transfer to the other type cells of the tissue to regulate its function activities and cause bone reconstruction function. The microcracks surrounding osteocyte can disrupt the microtubule network system,cause surrounding osteocyte autophagy. In addition, osteocyte is very important for regulation of the body mineral balance, fat metabolism, and hematopoietic function.
Animals ; Autophagy ; Hematopoiesis ; Humans ; Minerals ; metabolism ; Osteocytes ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Mechanical

The chemical consitituents from cytotoxic fraction of the Callicarpa nudiflora extract were isolated and purified by a combination of HP-20 macroporous resin, silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. The structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data and comparison of their spectroscopic data with reported data. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay. The 50% and 70% EtOH elutions of EtOH-extract showed significant cytotoxic activities, leading to the isolation of twelve compounds, which were identified as luteoloside(1), lutedin-4'-O-β-D-glucoside(2), 6-hydroxyluteolin-7-O-β-glucoside(3), lutedin-7-O-neohesperidoside(4), rhoifolin (5), luteolin-7, 4'-di-O-glucoside (6), forsythoside B (7), acteoside (8), alyssonoside (9), catalpol(10), nudifloside(11), and leonuride(12). Compounds 3-6, 10 and 12 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compound 9 was isolated from this plant for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that flavonoids 1-6, in various concentrations, showed monolithic proliferation inhibitory activities against Hela, A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. Compounds 3, 5 and iridoid glycoside 11 possessed higher cytotoxicacivities. In short, flavonoids are the main components of cytotoxic extract from C. nudiflora, while phenylethanoid glycosides are the predominant ingredient but inactive to cancer cell lines. In addition, the minor iridoid glycoside expressed weak cytotoxic activity.
Callicarpa ; chemistry ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cytotoxins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Molecular Structure

Objective To investigate the technical details and therapeutic effect in treating StarIdford B aortic dissection by endovaseular aortic repair(EVAR). Methods We retrospectively review 115 type B aortic dissection cases undergoing the procedure of mini-traumatic EVAR from November 1998 to February 2009.There were 71 male patients and 44 female patients with a mean age of55.7 years and follow up period from 7 to 83 months for 75 cases. Results The procedure Was technically successful in 113 cases and 122 stent grafts were placed with hybrid surgery being carried out in 3 cases of carotid artery bypass.Severe perioperative complications included subclavian steal syndrome in 4 eases,pulmonaryinfections in 3 cases.arterial embolism in 2 cases,acute cerebral infarction in 2 cases,kidney tailure in 2 cases.alimentary tract hemorrhage,graft infection,acute intestinal ischemia and type A dissection occurred in one each case respectively.Five cases died perioperatively.Among the 75 cases that were fouowed up,there were 9 eases with type I endoleak and at last 5 cases redid endovaacular repmr.2 cases with secondary type A dissection accepted graft replacement.There were 6 deaths during the follow-up period,4 dying of acute myocardial infarction(2 cases),cerebral hemorrhage(1 case),type A dlssection (1 case)respectively,the causes of other2 deaths were not confirmed. Conclusion EVAR was effective for Standford B aortic dissection as shown by midterm follow up.

Objective To investigate the correlation between cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA - 4 ) and primary nephrotic sysdrome(PNS) with the pathologic type of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN) of glucocorticoid(GC) resistance. Methods The polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism( PCR - RFLP) analysis was used to investigate the genotype of position - 318 promoter of CTLA- 4 gene of 36 patient children and 30 healthy controls. Results The frequences of genotypes at position - 318 promoter of CTLA- 4 gene in patients were 38.9% for CC,61.1 % for TC and 0% for TT. The frequences of alleles at this position were 69.4% for C allele and 30.6% for T allele. The frequences of genotypes and alleles in children were not significantly different from those in controls. Conclusion CTLA-4 promoter ( -318)C/T dimorphism was not associated with PNS- MsPGN of GC resistance, which hinted that the polymorphism may be not inlolved in pathogenensis of PNS-MsPGN and the mechanism of GC resistance.

BACKGROUND: At present, the commercial artificial small vascular grafts (diameter < 6 mm) are still unsatisfactory, due to poor blocompatibility and low long-term patency rate. Therefore, finding a vascular substitute with normal biological function and studying construction and function of tissue-engineered blood vessel have become hot topics recently.OBJECTIVE: To construct a novel tissue-engineered blood vessel by rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and vascular acellular matrix, and to investigate the biocompatibility and patency rate of tissue-engineered blood vessels.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro randomized controlled study at level of cytology and histopathology was performed at the Laboratory of Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from January 2006 to June 2008.MATERIALS: The decellularized vascular acellular matrix was obtained by a detergent-enzymatic procedure. MSCs from rabbits were isolated using density gradient centrifugation method and cultured in culture flasks coated with fibronectin. Subsequently, the expanded MSCs were seeded on the decellularized scaffolds, and then co-cultured in the self-made bioreactor to construct the tissue-engineered blood vessels.METHODS: Sixty rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. A1.0-cm abdominal aorta was sheared, and a tissue-engineered blood vessel was transplanted on the abdominal aorta using 8/0 polypropylene thread. Tissue-engineered blood vessel group: Tissue-engineered blood vessel was considered as the transplanted vessel; vascular acellular matrix group:Xenoma artery treated by vascular acellular matrix was considered as the transplanted vessel; xenoma artery group: Fresh xenoma artery was considered as the transplanted vessel.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunocytochemical staining was used to identify the cultured MSCs. After 3 months of transplantation, the grafts were retrieved for digital subtraction angiography, pathological test and scanning electron microscope examination.RESULTS: Rabbits MSCs presented a whirlpool-like appearance at 8 days after culture. The immunocytochemistry results were consistent with the phenotype of MSCs. After high proliferation, MSCs were seeded onto the vascular acellular matrix for 12 days,and seed cells attached to well in the lumen of blood vessels. Three months after implantation, the patency rate was 90% of tissue-engineered blood vessel group and 80% of vascular acellular matrix group, which was superior to xenoma artery group (25%). At three months after transplantation, HE staining and scanning electron microscope demonstrated that internal, middle,and external membrane were clearly observed in the tissue-engineered blood vessel group, and the membrane morphology was similar to normal artery. The endothelial cells were covered completely. However, the endothelial cells were not covered completely in the vascular acellular matrix group, while mural thrombosis, mild proliferation of intima, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. The intima was thick and necrotic in the xenoma artery group, while lumens were stenotic and accompanied with a certain degree of thrombus organization.CONCLUSION: This study provides a new strategy to develop a tissue-engineered blood vessel with excellent biocompatibility and high patency rate constructed by rabbit MSCs and vascular acellular matrix.

Objective To discuss the experience in the diagnosis, treatment, complications and follow up of carotid body tumor. Methods All the 25 cases were diagnosised by DSA and CTA. The tumor was resected under carotid adventitial plane in 18 cases, with external carotid artery resection in 4cases, and in 3 cases, internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) were resected simultaneously in which internal carotid artery was reconstructed in two cases including using self vein bypass in one and anastomosis between ICA and ECA in the other. ICA was ligated in the third case. Results No cases died perioperatively. ALL CBTs were treated successfully. Horner syndrome and trachyphonia were relieved after operation. Postoperative trachyphonia, bucking and lingual paralysis developed in 3 cases, and in one case with vagus resection caused dyspnea tracheotomy was performed. The rate of nerves injuries was 12% but no semiplegia and aphasia occurred. Follow up period was from 4 to 90 months (average 44 ±6 months) for 21 cases. The trachyphonia and bucking were improved during follow up but the lingual paralysis persists, and tumor recurred in two cases with one dying. Conclusions CBT treatment should include active surgery, sufficient preoperative preparation and avoiding the postoperative nervous complications.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (SAB) on the proliferation of human embryonic lung fibroblast MRC-5, and the secretion of procollagen I and endogenous transforming growth factor-beta1, (TGF-beta1).

METHODSThe MRC-5 cells were randomly divided into four groups as follows: the control group: cells cultured with DMEM but with no TGF-beta1, or SAB; the TGF-beta1, group: cell cultured with 10 ng/mL TGF-beta1; the SAB1 group: cell cultured with medium with 10 ng/mL TGF-beta1 and 1 pmol/L SAB; the SAB2 group: cell cultured with medium with 10 ng/mL TGF-beta1, and 10 pmol/L SAB. The proliferation of cells was assayed by MTT incorporation. The concentration of amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), a marker of collagen synthesis, was measured by radioimmunoassay. The endogenous TGF-beta1, levels were measured using ELISA.

RESULTSThe optical density, procollagen I contents, and endogenous TGF-beta1, levels significantly increased when compared with those of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the TGF-beta1, group, the optical density was obviously lowered, the procollagen I contents and endogenous TGF-beta1, levels significantly decreased in the SAB1 group and the SAB2 group, and better in the SAB2 group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSAB could inhibit the proliferation of MRC-5 cells induced by TGF-beta1 and attenuate the roles of secreting collagen and endogenous TGF-beta1. It had the potential of postponing or delaying the progressive developing of pulmonary fibrosis.

Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; embryology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on early-stage apoptosis in steonecrosis of rabbit femoral head .Methods The 24 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups :normal control group ,model group ,and PNS group .In model group ,equine serum (10 mL/kg) and methylprednisolone (40 mg/kg) were injected alternatively to induce osteonecrosis of the femoral head .In PNS group ,PNS (50 mg/kg , i .v .) was administered continuously before methylprednisolone management .In control group ,the rabbits were fed routinely .TUNEL method was used to detect apoptotic cells .Caspase-3 activity in the femoral head was measured by caspase-3 assay kit . Immunohistochemistry method and Western blot analysis were applied to detect the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax .Results In model group ,typical appearance of apoptotic cells was observed in the femoral head by TUNEL staining (P< 0 .05) .PNS treatment significantly inhibited cell apoptosis of the femoral head in model group .Furthermore ,pretreatment with PNS significantly reversed the inhibition of Bcl-2 expression , augmentation of Bax expression and caspase-3 activity ( P< 0 .05 ) . Conclusion PNS could up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 ,down-regulate that of Bax ,reduce the activity of caspase-3 ,and inhibit cell apoptosis of the femoral head .