AIM: To examine the effect of protamine sulfate, lipopolysaccharide(LPS),tumor necrosis factor(TNF), epidermal growth factor(EGF) and " Bushen Huoxue Xiezhuo" (BHX) decoction on the proliferation of extracorporeal cultured rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEC). METHODS: Their action on the proliferation of rat GEC were investigated using the -TdR incorporation. Meanwhile, the serum of rats treated with BHX decoction was extracted pharmacologically and its effects on the growth of GEC were also studied. RESULTS: LPS, protamine sulfate, TNF-? and EGF could significantly inhibit the -TdR incorporation of GEC in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, this inhibition could be efficiently reversed by the serum containing BHX decoction. CONCLUSION: GEC is one of the main target cells on which BHX decoction act, and the protection on GEC might be one of the mechanisms underlying the role of BHX decoction in preventing the progression of nephrosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of quantitative 3T dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods One-hundred and eighteen patients suspected of breast lesions underwent MRI examination. A 3.0 T MR scanner was used to obtain the quantitative MR pharmacokinetic parameters: Ktrans( volume transfer constant), Kep (exchange rate constant) and Ve (extravascular extracellular volume fraction). The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant, benign and normal glandular tissues were calculated and compared each other using LSD method. Independent sample t test was used between invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included). Finally, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were compared. Results The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant lesions (n=87) were (1.010±0.580) min-1, (1.634 ± 1.481) min-1 and (0.735 ±0.273); the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of benign lesions (n=23) were (0.331±0.192) min - 1, (0.417±0.324) min - 1 and (0.847±0.291); and the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of normal glandular tissues (n =83) were (0.051 ±0.028) min-1, (0.133±0.125) min-1 and (0.597±0.354), respectively. There were significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Ktrans (t=9.681, 11.189, 5. 590, respectively, P ＜ 0. 01 ), normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Kep(t =5. 287, 3. 874, P＜0. 05). There were a statistic differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions in Ve(t =2. 932, 2. 562 ,P ＜0. 05). There were no significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions in Kep, benign and malignant lesions in Ve ( t = 0. 760, 0. 832, P ＞ 0.05 ),invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included) in Ktrans, Kep and Ve(t =0.834,0.075,0.454,P＞0.05). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were 0. 934, 0. 941 and 0. 659. The sensitivity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 77.01% ,91.95% ,56. 32% and the specificity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 95. 65%, 86. 96%, 78.26% for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions if taken the maximum Youden's index as cut-off. Conclusion The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions by Ktrans, Kep is applicable.

Objective To explore the value of the electronic colposcopy Reid Score in diagnosis of cervical lesions and HPV infection in women with HIV infection, so as to find out an inexpensive, convenient and feasible screening methods. Methods 95 cases of HIV-infected women were screened by cervical liquid based cytology, HPV testing, colposcopy and Reid Score. The patients with abnormal results in any one test mentioned above underwent cervical biopsy. The colposcopy was combined with pathological as a gold standard for case-control study. Results There was a statistically signi?cant correlation between colposcopic ndings and histopathological ndings and the score was increased as parallel as malignancy grade (r=0.753,P=0.00) . The specificity of Reid score for high grade CIN was better than high-risk HPV testing for CIN diagnosis and the sensitivity was better than liquid based cytology. Acetic acid staining has relatively high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of cervical lesions. Conclusions Colposcope Reid score for cervical lesions has a predictive value, especially for high grade cervical precancerous lesions. Colposcopy for HIV-positive women cervical cancer screening is an efficient and feasible way, especially for the area where lack of medical resources.

AIM: To observe the effects of Decoction of Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue-Xie-Zhuo (BSHXXZ) on focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in rats. METHODS: Unilateral nephrectomy was adopted firstly, one week later adrimycin was intravenously adminstered to 20 rats twice in a 23-day period to establish an advanced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis model in the rat. Changes in urine protein, blood chemistry, and histology of the kidney were investigated for 110 days after unilateral nephrectomy. RESULTS: The BSHXXZ decoction reduced edema, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, azotemia and ascites, and increased albumin in blood. Light microscopic, electron microscopic, immunohistochemical and polarizing microscopic examination all showed that the pathologic changes in the treatment group were less than that of the model group. CONCLUSION: Decoction of BSHXXZ could markedly improve renal function and delay the progression of glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis.

A 57-year-old man was admitted to hospital with diarrhea for 10 months and dizziness for 4 months. The patient had 1-2 liters watery stool per day, without pyogenic blood or abnormality in gastroenteroscopy examination. The level of hemoglobin and albumin was generally normal, and fasting test was positive. At the same time, he was accompanied with hyperalgesia of lower limbs and orthostatic hypotension. After the discussion of multiple disciplinary teams, the patient was diagnosed with amyloidosis by sural nerve biopsy, myocardial MRI, and the assays of urine immunoelectrophoresis and serum free light chain. Light chain amyloidosis was confirmed after excluded the diagnosis of familial amyloidosis. The patient was improved after courses of chemotherapy with melphalan and dexamethasone.

Adult ; Hallermann's Syndrome ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male

Objective To evaluate the safety of hemocoagulage agkistro-don(HCA) in orthopaedic surgical patients .Methods A total of 200 hospitalized patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery in our hospital were assigned to two groups: the trial group ( 100 cases: adult group 56 and senile group 44 ) and the control group ( 100 cases: adult group 56 and senile group 44 ).The patients in the trial group were administered with HCA during or just before the surgery.The patients in the control group didn′t use any hemostatic.Then, the blood routine test , coagulation function ,hepatic and renal function within 6 days before the surgery and within 3 days after surgery were compared by ANOVA for repeated mea-surement.Results There was statistically significant difference on time effect in all indicators except for total bilirubin ( TBIL ).There was no statistically significant difference of group effect in all indicators except for total protein ( TP ) and albumin ( ALB ).And there was statistically significant difference on age effect in red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet(PLT), TP, ALB, creatinine(Cr),UREA and prothrom-bin time ( PT).No interaction effect was found in time & group , time &age & group.Conclusion Using HCA during or just before the ortho-paedic surgery shows no significant influence on the blood routine test , liver function , renal function and coagulation function.The application of HCA during or just before the orthopaedic surgery is safe , and there is no significant difference between the adult group and the senile group in drug safety of HCA.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) on germ cell apoptosis in cryptorchidism.

METHODSForty-eight immature male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the cryptorchid and the control group randomly. Testes were harvested at 1, 3 and 7 days after the operation. Germ cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL technique, at the same time the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the level of malonic diethyl aldehyde (MDA) were detected with spectrophotometer.

RESULTSAt the 7th day, as compared with the control, testicular weight, SOD activities, CAT activities and the ratio of SOD/(CAT + GSHPx) were reduced significantly(P < 0.01), GSHPx activities had no apparent change(P > 0.05), while apoptosis index and the MDA level increased predominantly in cryptorchidism(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSGerm cell apoptosis in cryptorchidism related closely to the decrease of antioxidant enzyme activity.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Catalase ; physiology ; Cryptorchidism ; pathology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; physiology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Organ Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatozoa ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; physiology

Cancer is a highly aggressive and devastating disease, and impediments to a cure arise not just from cancer itself. Targeted therapies are difficult to achieve since the majority of cancers are more intricate than ever imagined. Mainstream methodologies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy as routine clinical regimens frequently fail, eventually leading to pathologies that are refractory and incurable. One major cause is the gradual to rapid repopulation of surviving cancer cells during intervals of multiple-dose administration. Novel stress-responsive molecular pathways are increasingly unmasked and show promise as emerging targets for advanced strategies that aim at both de novo and acquired resistance. We highlight recent data reporting that treatments particularly those genotoxic can induce highly conserved damage responses in non-cancerous constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TMEN). Master regulators, including but not limited to NF-kB and C/EBP-β, are implicated and their signal cascades culminate in a robust, chronic and genome-wide secretory program, forming an activated TMEN that releases a myriad of soluble factors. The damage-elicited but essentially off target and cell non-autonomous secretory phenotype of host stroma causes adverse consequences, among which is acquired resistance of cancer cells. Harnessing signals arising from the TMEN, a pathophysiological niche frequently damaged by medical interventions, has the potential to promote overall efficacy and improve clinical outcomes provided that appropriate actions are ingeniously integrated into contemporary therapies. Thereby, anticancer regimens should be well tuned to establish an innovative clinical avenue, and such advancement will allow future oncological treatments to be more specific, accurate, thorough and personalized.
Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta ; metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; methods ; trends ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Precision Medicine ; methods ; trends ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Tumor Microenvironment ; drug effects

Methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency (T2 deficiency) is a rare congenital and metabolic disease affecting the ketone body and isoleucine metabolism. The typical symptoms are refractory metabolic acidosis, in which large amounts of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyry1 carnitine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate and tiglylglycine are often detected in the blood and urine. We herein describe an atypical case of T2 deficiency with a high level of 3-hydroxybutyrate and a low level of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate in the urine. Such a case was diagnosed by urinary organic analysis in combination with gene mutation evaluation. Organic acids in the urine were measured using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer and all exons were sequenced via deep sequencing. Molecular biology analysis confirmed the presence of a homozygous mutation in the acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene. The patient received a special diet of deeply hydrolyzed protein milk powder and raw corn starch. She was followed about 6 months. There were no ketoacidotic episodes and hypoglycemia even when she had fever. In conclusion, patients with atypical features of T2 deficiency should also be investigated early. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry and next-generation full exome sequencing may be helpful in diagnosis.