Objective:To compare the effects of levosimendan injection at single dose and multiple doses on the left ventricular function , biomarkers and neuroho-rmonal activity in the patients with acute exacerbation of advanced heart failure .Methods:Totally 39 patients with chronic heart failure at acute exacerbation were divided into two groups , single dose group and multiple doses group .All the patients were given loading dose of 6μg· kg-1 levosimendan at baseline , and then given 0.1μg· kg-1 · min-1 continuous 24h in-fusion pump.The above regimen was administered once again after one month and six months in the patients of multiple doses group . Left ventricular end systolic volume ( LVESV ) , left ventricular end diastolic volume ( LVEDV ) , left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mitral annulus systolic velocity (SM), myocardial performance index (MOI), blood brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proB-NP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6(IL-6) were compared between the two groups before the treatment , and after tge three-day and 6-month treatment.Results:Compared with those before the treatment , LVESF, LVEF, Sm, MPI, NT-proB-NP, IL-6 and TNF-αin in the two groups were significantly improved after the three-day treatment (P<0.05).The indices were sig-nificantly improved in multiple doses group after the 6-month treatment when compared with those before the treatment and in single dose group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: Repeated intravenous administration of levosi-mendan is superior to the single dose administration in improving hemodynamics and inflammatory factors .

Cathepsin S is one of the cathepsins that distributes generally at lysosomes of histiocyte in humans body.It has variety of actions when it is unbalancing,including promote inflammation,atherosclerosis,diabetes and obesity,etc.Studies in recent years have demonstrated that there are certain correlations of adiponectin with vascular risk factor and cerebrovascular disease.

Objective: To study the masticatory muscles activity in the cases with severe tooth wear(TW) and the damaged display of masticatory muscles in different types of occlusal wear. Methods: The electromyography(EMG) of bilateral anterior temporalis(TA), masseter muscle(MM) and anterior digastric(DA) was taken in 15 elder patients aged 49～69 years old with TW, the EMG of the patients was compared with that of 8 healthy subjects aged 49～55 years old. Results: TW patients showed higher activity of TA,MM and DA in mandibular postural position than the controls (P

ObjectiveTo explore the physical growth and development conditions of the disabled children (except physical disability) aged 7～18 in Guangzhou and Dongying.MethodsA census was carried out among disabled children aged 7～18 in Guangzhou and Dongying. The physical growth and development condition was analyzed through height and weight of the disabled children.ResultsHeight and weight of the disabled children were both lower, compared with physically healthy children. The rate of thinness was 12.61% among the boys and 12.54% among the girls of the disabled children, the rate of growth retardation was 31.41% among the boys and 34.94% among the girls of the disabled children.ConclusionDisabled children aged 7～18 are in bad condition of physical growth and development. The rates of thinness and growth retardation are high among boys and girls with disability.

Objective To determine the potential correlation of 5-HTT gene polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR and STin2) with clinical manifestations in depression.Methods A total of 401 depressed patients,all of Chinese Han region,were collected and genotyped by polymerase chain reactions (PCR).All patients were evaluated using a 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17) and Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAMA),and then associated analysis was applied.Results (1) The age of onset in patients with L/S genotype of 5-HTLPR polymorphism were much younger than that of patients with L/L and S/S genotype (F=3.281,P=0.039).Besides,there was also a significant difference of HAMA1 (anxious mood) scores among patients with different genotypes for 5-HTTLPR polymorphism,where the scores of those with L/S genotype were the highest (2.34±0.80,P=0.010).(2) The scores of HAMD10 (mental anxiety),HAMA1 (anxious mood),HAMA3 (fear) and mental anxiety factor were higher in patients with 12/10 genotype than patients with 12/12 and 10/10 genotype for STin2 polymorphism (2.40±0.83,2.38±0.90,1.42± 1.04,14.60±4.26 respectively;P value:0.014,0.044,0.03 and 0.006 respectively).The scores of HAMD10(mental anxiety) and mental anxiety factor were (2.11±0.77),(12.96±3.78) in the 12/12 genotype patients,and significantly lower than that in the 12/10 genotype patients (adjustedPvalue:0.018,0.006).Conclusions A positive association of the 5-HTT polymorphisms with anxious symptoms in depressed patients is revealed.These findings might provide some evidences for the clinical phenotype and optimization of depression treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic postconditioning on brain injury induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic rats.Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin 60 mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose level ＞ 16.7 mmol/L.Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-280 g,in which diabetes mellitus was successfully induced,were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:group sham operation (group S),group I/R and group ischemic postconditioning (group P).Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery in I/R and P groups.Group P received 3 cycles of 10 s reperfusion followed by 10 s ischemia at the end of myocardial ischemia.The rats were sacrificed at 120 min of reperfusion and the brains were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8,IL-10,glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) and phosphorylated GSK-3β (pGSK-3β) (by immuno-histochemistry).Apoptotic index was calculated.Results Compared with group S,apoptotic index was significantly increased,IL-6 and IL-8 expression was up-regulated,and IL-10 and pGSK-3β expression was downregulated in I/R and P groups (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group I/R,apoptotic index was significantly decreased,IL-6 and IL-8 expression was down-regulated,and IL-10 and pGSK-3β expression was up-regulated in group P (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in GSK-3β expression among the 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The pathologic changes were significantly attenuated in group P as compared with group I/R.Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can attenuate brain injury induced by myocardial I/R in diabetic rats,and inhition of activity of GSK-3β may be involved in the mechanism.

To develop a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone II(A) in rat plasma and brain. The plasma and brain samples were precipitated with ethyl acetate, then were separated on an Agilent eclipse plus-C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 3.5 microm) using acetonitrile (consisting of 0.1% formic acid) and water (consisting of 0.1% formic acid) as mobile phase in gradient elution mode. The mass spectrometer was operated under both positive and negative ion mode with the ESI source, and the detection was performed by MRM. The transition of 154.3/153.1 m/z for protocatechuic acid, 137.3/108 m/z for protocatechuic aldehyde, 493.0/295.2 m/z for Salvianolic acid A, 718.0/520.0 m/z for salvianolic acid B, 321.4/152.3 m/z for chloramphenicol, 297.4/254.3 m/z for cryptotanshinone, 295.5/249.3 m/z for tanshinone II(A) and 285.2/154.0 m/z for Diazepam. The calibration curves in the range of 0.625-1 000 microg x L(-1) for protocatechuic acid and protocatechuic aldehyde, 1.25-1 000 microg x L(-1) for salvianolic acid A, 2.5-1 000 microg x L(-1) for salvianolic acid B, 0.15-1 000 microg x L(-1) for cryptotanshinone, 0.625-1 000 microg x L(-1) for tanshinone II(A) are with good linearityin rat plasma and brain. The analysis method is sensitive, simple, and suitable enough to be applied in the pharmacokinetic study of the 6 main components. Animal testing gives the lgBB of the drugs and further studies of the 6 components cross the blood-brain barrier can be carried out.
Animals ; Benzaldehydes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Benzofurans ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Caffeic Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Catechols ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Hydroxybenzoates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lactates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Phenanthrenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Plant Preparations ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

A biomedical entity association evolution network was constructed by mining the implicit associations in PubMed-covered literature, which can help scientific researchers to form new scientific hypotheses, to analyze the topological features of associated network, to study the scientific literature-enriched knowledge structure, associa-tions, development rules, to introduce new visual angles and methods for literature-based knowledge discovery, and to improve the knowledge discovery efficiency.

Objective To observe the analgesic and sedative effects of dezocine injection on the medical thoracoscopy check -up.Methods 98 cases of patients with unexplained pleural effusion were randomly divided into sedation group(dezocine group,49 cases)and anesthesia group(local anesthesia by lidocaine,49 cases)by adopting digital expression method.Sedation group was intravenously injected with 5mg dezocine before the operation,and another 5mg dezocine was mixed with 100mL of 0.9% sodium chloride for intravenous drip,with 10mL of 2%lidocaine for local anesthesia during the operation;anesthesia group was only administered with 10mL of 2% lidocaine for local anesthesia.Verbal rating scales(VRS)results and visual analogue scales(VAS)results of the two group patients,as well as their hemodynamics and pleural reaction were recorded.Results The VAS scores of the sedation group and anesthesia group were (4.3 ±2.2)points and (2.1 ±1.9)points,respectively,VRS scores were (3.5 ± 1.1)points and (1.4 ±1.1 )points,there were statistically significant differences(t =0.415,P =0.019 and t =0.293,P =0.006,respectively).The two groups had basically similar operation duration,but the sedation group had more stable hemodynamic indexes such as maximum heart rate,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and pleural reaction,including cough,dizziness,chest tightness,sweating,etc.Conclusion Dezocine injection can be used in medical thoracoscopy check -up and treatment,with significant analgesic effect and less adverse reaction,effectively alleviating the discomfort of thoracoscopy check -up,and improving patients′compliance and comfort,so as to enhance the success rate of thoracoscopy check -up.

Objective To evaluate the function of afferent neuronal pathways (ANP) from the lower urinary tract (LUT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) by use of sympathetic skin response (SSR). Methods Twenty-one patients with SCI (13 cases of incomplete injury, and 8 cases of complete injury) were recruited as a SIC group and 8 healthy volunteers as a control group. SSRs of all subjects were evoked by means of electrical stimulation (ES) of the median nerve and perineal region,as well as bladder filling (BF), while SSRs of the right palm and sole were recorded using surface electrodes. Results SSRs induced by ES of the median nerve and perineal region, and also by BF in the control group were recorded. SSRs of palms and soles could be recorded by using ES of the median nerve in patients with incomplete SCI, who had desire to void. However, SSRs could not be evoked in 3 of 13 patients with incomplete SCI but without sensation of perineal skin. In 8 patients with complete SCI but without sensation of trunk skin and bladder, SSRs of palms and soles could not be induced during ES of the median nerve if injuries were located over T_3, and SSRs of palms were recorded when the injuries were located between T_(4~9), while SSRs of palms and soles were evoked if injuries were located under T_(10). However, SSRs of palms and soles could not be evoked by ES of perineal region and BF in all patients. Conclusion SSRs, evoked by BF, could concord with the subjective sensation of the subjects from the LUT, and reflect the integrity of ANP from LUT. There is difference between somatosensory and viscerosensory ANP.