Objective To study the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and E-selectin on the aorta of artherosclerosis and explore the relationship between these molecules and artherosclerosis(AS).Methods Human arterial specimens were collected from 18 cadavers,including 5 with normal arterial tunica intima(control) and 13 with pathologically identified AS(AS group).Analysis were carried out in consecutive sections by immunohistochemical staining for ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and E-selectin.Results ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and E-selectin positive cells were mainly located in the tunica intima and adventitia of AS aorta.More positive cells were observed obviously in AS group than in control(P

?AIM: To investigate the compliance in patients with topical glaucoma therapy, and identify the most frequent barriers to adherence.?METHODS: One-on-one interview and questionnaire were taken to investigate the compliance with hypotensive eye drops in 366 patients who had been diagnosed as glaucoma and received the therapy for at least 6mo in Wuhan and suburban district from July 2014 to June 2015 in Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital.?RESULTS: The proportion of compliance was 44. 3%( 162/366 ) . Factors significantly influencing compliance included severity of the better eye, the severity of symptom when attacked, duration of medication and whether to administrate on the same time daily ( OR=5. 700,0. 554,0. 336,0. 558,P<0. 05). Age, gender, marital status, education level, economic status, domicile, knowledge of the disease, suffering from other diseases with medication, type of glaucoma, type of eye drop, frequency were not associated with a higher rate of non-compliance.? CONCLUSION: Compliance in patients with topical glaucoma therapy in Wuhan is poor. Regularly carrying out relevant health education and interventions is very important.

Abstract?AIM: To assess the efficacy and adverse reactions of two concentrations of diluted botulism toxin A ( BTX-A) for blepharospasm.?METHODS:Totally 220 patients (440 eyes) confirmedas blepharospasm in our department ( from January 2013 to January 2015 ) , were divided randomly into two groups:110 in high concentration group and 110 in low concentration group.The two groups were given local injections with 25 U/mL or 40 U/mL concentration of botulism toxin type A to the upper and lower eyelids orbicular muscle, corrugator, reducing eyebrow muscle and procerus respectively.We observed dosage of two groups, the treatment effect, the duration of the effect and the incidence of adverse reactions.?RESULTS: The high concentration group was given the BTX-A with 48.33 ±4.02U, the low concentration group was given the BTX-A with 28.51 ±3.42U,the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05).The differences of post-operative evaluation of curative effect, onset time and duration of the effect between the groups were not statistically significant ( P >0.05 ). Sixteen cases had ptosis in different levels in the high concentration group, and 2 in the low concentration group, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01).There were no serious complications such as intoxication, drug allergy in both groups.Ptosis relieved after using naphcon-A and disappeared in 2-3 wk.?CONCLUSION: The efficacy of local injection with two concentrations of diluted botulinum toxin A for blepharospasm was positive. Considering the high incidence of ptosis in high concentration group, we recommended the 25U/mL botulism toxin A for blepharospasm.

Objective: To search for the coupling mechanism of connexin 43 (CX43) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) together inducing brain edema formation in glioma. Methods: Intracranial C6 glioma xenograft models were established in the rats, then magnetic resonance imaging detection was used to find the tumor and brain edema, and immunofluorescence and Western blotting method were used to detect CX43 and AQP4 expressions in both intratumoral and peritumoral tissues. C6 glioma cells and normal glial cells were cultured in hypotonic medium, then RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) was used to detect and compare CX43 and AQP4 mRNA expression trends. AQP4 or CX43 expression was silenced in C6 glioma cells and normal glial cells by siRNA (small interference RNA) technology, then the other genetic change was detected by RT-PCR. Results: In C6 glioma xenograft models, CX43 expression was missed and AQP4 expression was slightly elevated in the intratumoral tissues. But in the peritumoral tissues, CX43 expression was slightly elevated and AQP4 expression was significantly increased. In vitro, the hypotonic environment induced elevation of AQP4 and CX43 mRNA levels with time-varying degrees in both normal glial cells and C6 glioma cells, but the change degree of normal glial cells was significantly lower than that of tumor cells, and the time window of CX43 changes was backward of AQP4. The elevated degree of CX43 was significantly decreased when AQP4 expression was silenced by siRNA in C6 cells (P < 0.05), while the AQP4 expression was not affected by CX43 expression silencing in normal cells (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There are two different mechanisms of AQP4 and CX43 inducing brain edema formation intratumorally and in the edge of glioma. CX43 may be one of the potential downstream regulatory factors of AQP4. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Objective To explore the relationship of acute infections of Epstein-Barr virus and hydrops fetalis and explore the harm to fetuses and the affection on pregnancy outcomes caused by acute EBV infection during pregnancy. Methods 40 cases hydrops fetalis were diagnosed by ultrasonography. The difference between the EBEA-IgM positive and negative patients blood were studied. 101 cases over the same period of pregnant women with normal fetuses were enrolled as a control group. Results The positive rate of EBEA-IgM in pregnant women (95%) was significantly higher than that of control group(48.5%,P＜0.01). And the differences of the ratio of still birth and live birth and abnormal fetuses induction of labor between the groups were statistically significant（P＜0.01）. Premature birth among the live birth (40%) was obviously higher than that of control group (10.9%,P＜0.05). Conclusions Active infection of EBV in pregnancy was relevant to the hydrops fetalis and there need to pay attention to the detection of EBV during pregnancy.

Objective To observe the effects of blocking renin-angiotensin system with losartan or perindopril on renal angiotensinⅡand its type 1 receptor （AT1R） expression in STZ-induced （diabetic） rats. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group （NC） and （diabetic） group. Diabetes was induced by STZ （65 mg/kg） abdominal injection. Four weeks later, diabetic rats were further divided into 4 groups: diabetic rats treated with losartan (DL, 20 mg·kg-1·d-1),diabetic rats treated with perindopril (DP,2 mg·kg-1·d-1) and diabetic untreated control group（DC）. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma and renal angiotensin （Ⅱ.）Expression of AT1R was detected by RT-PCR in each group before and after 12 week′s treatment. Results At the 4th week, renal AT1R expression decreased. At the 16th week, plasma angiotensinⅡ,renal angiotensinⅡand AT1R mRNA in diabetic untreated group were significantly higher than those in normal rats. （Renal） angiotensinⅡand AT1R in losartan or perindopril-treatmented group were significantly lower than those in DC group. Conclusion Intrarenal RAS is abnormal in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Renoprotective effects of losartan and perindopril may partly induced by inhibiting renal angiotensinⅡ and AT1R （expression.）

Objective This pre-DIC rat models were constructed by injecting LPS in order to reveal the relationship and significance among tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI),platelet, fibrinogen, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Methods Enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay was used to detect blood plasma TFPI in pre-DIC state rats(n=16),DIC state rats(n=8)and health rats(n=8).Platelet, fibrinogen, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in the same rat were detected. Results TFPI increased first(pre-DIC state)and then decreased(DIC state)in the blood plasma of rata, but the levels of TFPI were always higher than that in the normal state. Conclusions TFPI is more sensitive and accurate to monitor the pro-DIC state than routine examination, which is very useful in the early diagnosis of pre-DIC state.

Objective To score the fall risk of hospitalized patients with neurologic disease using fall risk scale and observe the changes of fall risk score after this fall risk scale was used. Methods The fall risk scale in hospitalized patients in neurology department was designed. The fall risk of hospitalized patients in neurology department from January 2005 to December 2007 were assessed. Moreover, safety nursing mea-sures were brought into practice to prevent from falling down. The fall risk of hospitalized patients in neurolo-gy department from January 2002 to December 2004 were assessed too. Results Target patients enhanced the sense of preventing from falling down after the fall risk scale was used, and the incidence of falls in pa-tients was significantly decreased. Conclusions To assess the fall risk of hospitalized patients in neurology department and implement safety nursing measures among the target patients may be effective in preventing the patients from falling down.

Objective To explore the expression of protein phosphotase-2A(PP-2A) in plasma in the patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods The expression of PP-2A was measured by Western-blot in control group(n=11),1-year MCI group(n=10),2-year MCI group(n=10) and 3-year MCI group(n=10). Results The expression of PP-2A in 1-year MCI group(0.96±0.06) and in 2-year MCI group(0.93±0.07) was not obviously lower as compared with control group(1.00±0.08)(P>0.05),but a significant difference was induced between 3-year MCI group and control group(P<0.05),and between 3-year MCI group and 1-year MCI group(P<0.05),but wasn't between 3-year MCI group and 2-year MCI group(P>0.05). Conclusion Lower expression of PP-2A in plasma implies a possible value of MCI diagnosis.