No abstract available.
Spina Bifida Occulta*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE:This study was performed to investigate the status of cardiac structure and function and to assess their alterations after growth hormone(GH) treatment in children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD). METHODS:Interventricular septal thickness and left ventriclular posterior wall thickness, ejection fraction(EF), fractional shortening(FS), systolic time interval(STI) of left ventricle were measured by two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in sixteen children with GHD and age, sex matched sixteen children with GH normal short stature as control. The measure were done before GH treatment and at 6 and 12 months of GH treatment, respectively. RESULTS: 1)Left ventricular posterior wall thickness in GHD group was significantly thinner than that of control group(P<0.05). 2)Interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness were increased with GH treatment from 10.4+/-1.7mm, 8.1+/-1.8mm before GH treatment to 11.0+/-0.9mm, 8.7+/-0.7mm and 11.2+/-1.7mm, 9.7+/-1.8mm at 6 and 12 months of GH treatment, respectively. The increment of left ventricular posterior wall thickness after 12 months GH treatment revealed statistic significance(P<0.05). 3)There was no significant alterations of EF, FS, STI of left ventricle after GH treatment at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Left ventricular posterior wall thickness in GHD group was significantly thin compared to that of control group(P<0.05). GH treatment in GHD children for 12 months, resulted statistically significant increase(P<0.05) in posterior wall thickness. There is no evidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy after GH treatment. But we could not exclude the possibility of these alterations were induced by an increased overall body size and body surface area after GH treatment. To clarify the exact alterations of cardiac structures and function in children with GHD after GH treatment, long term follow-up studies should be necessary.
Body Size ; Body Surface Area ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Child* ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Hormone* ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans

The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the usefulness of intraoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) of pancreatic lesions in 30 patients. A conclusive diagnosis was done in 27 patients and the diagnoses of three patients were deferred. No complications followed the procedure. Based on histologic findings of the resected specimens in 20 cases and of cell blocks in 10 cases, the final diagnoses were adenocarcinoma in 19 cases, chronic pancreatitis in nine cases and tuberculosis in two cases. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 95%, 100% and 96% resepectively and there were no false positives. The smear of aspirate was stained with toluidine blue and examined by light microscope. The presence of there-dimensional clusters of disoriented cells and the increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio with large prominent nucleoli were the most helpful criteria for a diagnosis of malignancy in the pancreas. The intraoperative FNA of pancreatic lesions was considered as a simple, safe, and highly specific and sensitive tool in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. The intraoperative FNA can be recommended as the first tool of choice of intraoperative diagnostic procedure in lesions of the pancreas.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Gerbillinae

Cortical dysplasia is a cause of intractable epilepsy and a candidate for surgical resection to control epileptic attacks. The neuronal cytomegaly and balloon cell change are the diagnostic hallmarks of cortical dysplasia. Little research has been performed about the normal-sized dysplastic neuron which has complex arborizing dendrites and lacks in its polarity. The aim of this study was to define the histopathologic characteristics of the neurons in cortical dysplasia. Twelve cases of cortical dysplasia who underwent partial lobectomy for intractable seizures were selected and immunohistochemical staining for NF-M/H, MAP2, tau, and ubiquitin was performed. The perikarya and dendrite of dysplastic neurons were more intensely labeled with antibodies for the high and medium molecular weight neurofilament proteins (NF-M/H) than normal neurons. Immunoreactivity with the MAP2 antibody expressed mainly within the somatodendritic regions was present in the dysplastic or normal neurons without any significant difference in intensity. The complex arborizing dendrites of dysplastic neurons were easily identified due to pronounced immunoreactivity within the somatodendritic regions. Immunoreactivity with the primary antibody against tau and ubiquitin was present in the normal-looking neurons as well as the dysplastic neurons. This study suggests that the dysplastic neurons in cortical dysplasia are accompanied by changes of cytoskeletal neurofilaments, and the immunohistochemical stains for NF-M/H, MAP2, tau, and ubiquigin are useful to detect them.
Antibodies ; Coloring Agents ; Dendrites ; Epilepsy ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Molecular Weight ; Neurofilament Proteins ; Neurons ; Seizures ; Ubiquitin

We studied the intradural variations of spinal nerve rootlets in 100 cases of Korean adults. The results of the study are as follows ; 1. The incidence of intrasegmental variations (abberrant rootlets) is high in cervical segments and decreased toward lumbosacral segments. The incidence is higher in posterior rootlets than anterior, except cervical sesments. 2. The incidence of intersegmental variations is higher in posterior rootlets than anterior, and generally high in cervical and lumbar segments. 3. We divide the intersegmental variations into supernumerary rootlets, dividing rootlets, and anastomosing rootlets, and among them the incidence of anastomosing rootlets is higher. We divide the anastomosing rootlets into parallel anastomosing rootlets, uniting anastomosing rootlets, and rearrangement anastomosing rootlets. 4. The anterior to posterior anastomosing of spinal nerve rootlet is present in 4 of cases studied.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Spinal Nerves*

Paraganglioma is a benign tumor arising in the paraganglion system scattered throughout the body, but its cytopathologic findings arenot well known. We experienced a case of paraganglioma of carotid body diagnosed by fine needle aspiration. The patient was a 30 year-old female who suffered from the left neck mass for 3 years. The mass was 3x3crn in size without pulsation or bruit. Cytologically, the smear revealed aggregated and singly scattered tumor cells having abundant pale cytoplasm and indistinct cell borders. Their nuclei were round to oval, but enlarged nuclei were occasionally observed. The nuclear membrane was smooth with fine clumping of chromatin. Differentiation from metastatic follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland was difficult.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carotid Body ; Chromatin ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Humans ; Neck ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Nuclear Envelope ; Paraganglioma ; Thyroid Gland

Cutis verticis gyrata(CVG) is an unusual conformation of the scap characterized by the presence of folds and furrows due to thickening of the corium and the subutlneous tissue. In sccordance with etiological factor and associated findings, CVG occurs as primarary disease or secondary to a variety of local or systemic diseases. Cerebriform intradermal nevus(CIN) is a cause of CVG that can usually be recognized clinically and for a certainty histologically. We report two cases of CVG due to CIN. Not only did they have CVG due to CIN on the scalp, but also they had associated congenital nevi on the face and whole boispy, respectively.
Dermis ; Nevus ; Nevus, Intradermal* ; Scalp

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of anterior chamber paracentesis in intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection (IVTA). METHODS: A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 eyes of 30 patients undergoing IVTA. Eyes were randomly divided into two groups, those which had undergone anterior chamber paracentesis (Group 1, 15 eyes) and those which had not (Group 2, 15 eyes). We analyzed postoperative changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) in each group. RESULTS: In group 1, the mean preoperative IOP was 15.33+/-1.72 mmHg; postoperative IOP at 2 and 15 minutes was 7.80+/-1.47 and 11.73+/-1.67 mmHg, respectively. In group 2, there was significant elevation of IOP (46.73+/-8.26 mmHg) 2 minutes after the injection, although this was reduced to the normal range (16.13+/-2.61 mmHg) within 15 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: Routine anterior chamber paracentesis seems to be inappropriate considering the brief elevation in IOP that immediately follows IVTA.
Anterior Chamber* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Paracentesis* ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Values ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Triamcinolone*