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Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new and non-invasive imaging technique that is able to detect blood flow signal in the retina and the choroid within seconds.OCTA is different from the traditional angiography methods.The major advantages of OCTA are that it can observe blood flow signal in different layers of the retina and the choroid without injecting any dye,provide blood flow information that traditional angiography cannot provide,and enrich pathophysiological knowledge of the retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.,which help us to make an accurate diagnosis and efficient evaluation of these diseases.However there is a large upgrade potential either on OCTA technique itself or on clinical application of OCTA.We need to fully understand the advantage and disadvantage,and differences of OCTA and traditional angiography.We also need to know how to interpret the result of OCTA.With that we could make a fast diagnosis in a non-invasive way and improve our knowledge of the retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.

T helper 17 cells (Th17), a new type of CD4 + T cells, constitute the main subsets of CD4 +T cells together with Th1, Th2 and Treg. Some factors, such as the combination of interleukin (IL) 6 and transforming growth factor β, orphan nuclear receptor-γt, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 are involved in the differentiation of the Th17. The differentiation process can be precisely regulated on cellular and molecular levels. It produces IL-17, IL-22, and IL-6, and plays a significant role in autoimmunity, infectious and transplant rejection. Therefore, Th17 and its related cytokines may provide promising targets and approaches for the treatment of diseases.

Fever is a common clinical symptom in patients with lymphoma,which usually caused by tumor complicated with infection,the tumor itself,drug fever by chemotherapy drugs and biological agents.The three causes of fever in lymphoma are closely related to cytokine.Understanding the changes of cytokine in these three conditions may have implications for the etiology of fever in patients with lymphoma,which not only can improve the prognosis of patients,but also avoid the abuse of antibiotics in children with lymphoma.This articlereviews the role of cytokine in identifying different causes of fever in lymphoma patients.

OBJECTIVE:To study the assistant effect of microwave-assisted technology in the extraction of polysaccharides from Shuangtangyin and to optimize the extract technology. METHODS:Orthogonal experiment was performed to investigate the effect of microwave-assisted technology on the extraction of polysaccharides from Shuangtangyin and to optimize the optimum extract technology. RESULTS:The optimum condition was as follows:the extracting time was 20min; the microwave power was 300W;the extracting temperature was 100℃ and the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶8. CONCLUSION:The microwave-assisted extractive technique has the advantages of timesaving, high performance and energy-saving etc, and it is suitable for the extraction of of polysaccharides from Shuangtangyin.

Objective To analyze importance of the dangerous type of placenta previa during perinatal peri-od,and to provide a reference for clinical perinatal treatment.Methods 24 cases of patients with placenta previa dangerous type which were selected from January,2005 to January,2009,were set as the control group.27 patients with placenta previa dangerous type which were selected from July,2009 to July,2014,were set as the observation group.The observation group were treated with a better perinatal management.The diagnostic yield results in placental implantation and surgery indicators complications were compared.Results Implanted placenta diagnostic accuracy rate of the observation group was 100.00%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group,the differ-ence was statistically significant (χ2 =8.395,P=0.004);The operative time,blood loss,blood transfusion,hysterec-tomy rates were respectively (202.43 ±42.66) min,(1 743.77 ±315.58) mL,(2 044.28 ±341.59) mL and 37.50%,which were lower than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.443,P=0.009;t=10.334,P=0.001;t=11.323,P=0.000;χ2 =8.395,P=0.004);The infection rate of the observation group was 4.17%,which was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =4.325,P=0.037).Conclusion Strengthening perinatal management for dangerous type of patients with placenta previa is helpful to improve perinatal outcomes,and to ensure safety of motherhood,which is worthy of clinical applica-tion.

Temperament is the first distinct and stable personality after infants' birth. The development and type of the temperament is mainly associated with genetics factors, premature birth, low birth weight and clinical complications. This article describes the domestic and abroad researches and progress on premature infants' temperament in recent years, including research methods, temperament characteristic and influence factors of temperament types, and emphersizes the importance of the study on the premature infants' temperament. We raise the point that analyzing the temperament of premature children in early stage could discover temperament disorders earlier, and guide targeted training or behavior education based on different temperaments, which do good to intelligence and psychological development of premature infants.

This text is from the angle that the medical treatment consume,growing the tallest price control for the single disease to consume to the medical treatment the influence that Chinese medicine get relation launch the study.This be: The single disease grows the tallest price control overcame the sufferer in medical treatment consume information bad situation this"market normal",real realizes the medical treatment consume public and transparent;Overcome medical treatment consume inside then cure square is predominant consume to sufferers inducements and"act for need",realizes to match the sufferer original meaning"ego need";Well now to the sufferer in medical treatment consume of knowing what happened and agreeing the respect between power and independence option;Is profession self-discipline consciousness that the medical ethics vogue that the medical treatment organization is active to promote trustworthiness as the occupation morals norm in medical treatment serve,set up to take the letter in the people,now medical treatment organization.

Objective To investigate the surgical occasion and approach of rectal cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 32 patients who had been diagnosed as rectal cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.Results The resectability of hepatic metastasis site from rectal cancer for the patient could be exactly diagnosed by type-B ultrasonic, computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgical operation.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy would aid a lot in the further filter of patients who had been diagnosed as rectal cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.Comprehensive therapy which mainly based on surgical was adopted.Conclusion Surgical treatment was still the first choice for the patients with resectable rectal cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.Appropriate subject-specific comprehensive therapy could improve the disease free survival rate and accumulated survival rate.

Xiaoerzhixie Tablets, composed of many species of Chinese herb medicines, is a compound preparation fined by modern scientific method. it possesses the effects of invigorating spleen and promoting diuresis, regulating stomach-energy, invigorating vital energy, stopping loose bowels and anti-inflam-mation. In the pharmaclolgical study, this Chinse papent medicine was found thai inhibition of anto nomic motion of strips of fundus ventriculi and pieces of intestine separated from rat and guinea pig was obvious. The study also revealed its striking antagonism and bloeking effects on the spastic contraction of duodenum, ileum and colon, induced by acetyleholine, barium chloride and histamine. Not only can it reduce the gastrointestinal drive function but remarkablely raise the phagocytosis of macrophage in body.