PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical and radiological results of open reduction and plate fixation through the anterior approach for sacroiliac joint separation in unstable pelvic fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed fifteen cases treated by open reduction and plate fixation through the anterior approach from January 1994 to July 2000. Cases were followed up for more than one year, and the radiological results were evaluated according to the largest displacement and leg length discrepancy. The clinical results were evaluated according to pain and functional disabilities. RESULTS: Ten patients had mild pain not requiring analgesics, and one patient had a slight limp. The average sacroiliac joint separation improved from a mean preoperative value of 13.5 mm (range, 10-23 mm) to a mean postoperative value of 4.8 mm (range, 3-6 mm). Leg length discrepancy, which averaged 11 mm (range, 3-28 mm) preoperatively, decreased to 3.5 mm (range, 0-6 mm) postoperatively. All patients attained anatomical reduction postoperatively and no patient experienced loss of fixation during the follow up period. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and plate fixation for unstable pelvic fracture through the anterior approach is a useful method, as evidenced by the satisfactory clinical and radiological results.
Analgesics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leg ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacroiliac Joint*

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Lymphoma*

BACKGROUND: The aim of study was to determine the influence of pH-adjusted lidocaine of epidural anesthesia on the maternal and fetal blood lidocaine concentration. METHODS: Thirty parturients having epidural anesthesia for cesarean section were assigned to two group. Plain group (n=15) received 18 ml of 1.8% lidocaine (2% lidocaine plus 1ml saline per 10 ml lidocaine) with added 1:200,000 epinephrine. Patients in the alkalinized group (n=15) were given 18 ml of 1.8% lidocaine (2% lidocaine plus 1ml sodium bicarbonate per 10 ml lidocaine) with added 1:200,000 epinephrine. The level of analgesia was assessed 5 min after injection and then reassessed every 1min in the middle line. Maternal and umbilical venous blood were obtained at birth and the concentrations of lidocaine in these samples were determined by Immunofluorescence assay. Apar score was also assessed. RESULTS: The peak level of sensory blockade were similiar (T5) but The time to peak level was significantly more rapid in alkalinized group than plain group. The plasma lidocaine levels in the maternal venous blood and umbilical venous blood were similar in both groups. The ratios of umbilical vein to maternal vein concentration of lidocaine were 0.76+/-0.36 in alkalinized group and 0.62+/-0.21 in plain group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that alkalinization of lidocaine in epidural anesthesia results in a faster onset of sensory block and more rapid time to peak level but no adverse effects on Apgar score. Alkalinization of lidocaine is therefore recommended when epidural anesthesia is planned for Cesarean section.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthetics ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section* ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetus* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Lidocaine* ; Mothers* ; Parturition ; Plasma ; Pregnancy ; Sodium Bicarbonate ; Umbilical Veins ; Veins

Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm of the lymph node. It is characterized by intranodal spindle cell proliferation along with amianthoid fibers and prominent hemorrhage. It has been rarely reported in South Korea. We report here on a case of palisaded myofibroblastoma that arose in the left inguinal lymph node. The tumor mass was well demarcated, and it was composed of a proliferation of benign-looking spindle cells. It showed focal hemorrhage and a fibrous pseudocapsule. The tumor cells displayed little pleomorphism, no mitotic count, and characteristic palisading nuclei and amianthoid fibers. The tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and also for desmin, but they were negative for S-100 protein, supporting the diagnosis of myofibroblastoma.
Actins ; Cell Proliferation ; Desmin ; Hemorrhage ; Lymph Nodes ; Mesoderm ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; Republic of Korea ; S100 Proteins ; Vimentin

Mucormycosis is an uncommon opportunistic fungal infection mostly affecting immunocompromised patients and gastrointestinal mucormycosis is a rare and life-threatening. We describe a 31-year-old man with a history of idiopathic cyclic neutropenia who developed perforations of the stomach and intestine and intra-abdominal bleeding due to disseminated gastrointestinal mucormycosis after the initial operation.
Adult ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Intestines ; Mucormycosis* ; Neutropenia ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Edema* ; Hemofiltration*

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Edema* ; Hemofiltration*

We investigated the induction of resistance to Clonorchis sinensis infection by prior infection in rat and hamster models. Animals were challenged with C. sinensis metacercariae, then treated with praziquantel and reinfected. Worm recovery rate in reinfected animals was used to estimate resistance to reinfection. The determined resistance rates to reinfection in rats and hamsters were 97.7% and 10.3%, respectively. In rats, cure from the primary infection of C. sinensis increased resistant to reinfection, and the greatert the worm burden and the longer the duration of primary infection, the higher was the resistance rate. For primary infection doses of 10, 40 and 100 metacercariae per rat, the resistance rates were 87.4%, 93.8% and 98.4%, respectively. The resistance rates in rats after 2 or 8-week primary infection were 78.7% and 95.3%, respectively. All worms recovered from reinfected rats were immature. When cured rats were administered with methylprednisolone, resistance to reinfection became impaired. These findings indicate that rats develop a high degree of resistance to reinfection by C. sinensis after cure. The growths and maturations of reinfected worms were also impaired.
Animals ; Anthelmintics/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage ; Clonorchiasis/*immunology/parasitology/*pathology ; Clonorchis sinensis/*pathogenicity ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hamsters ; Immunocompetence ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage ; Praziquantel/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

A year has passed since the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak in the Republic of Korea. This 2015 outbreak led to a better understanding of healthcare infection control. The first Korean patient infected by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was diagnosed on May 20, 2015, after he returned from Qatar and Bahrain. Thereafter, 186 Korean people were infected with the MERS-CoV in a short time through human-to-human transmission. All these cases were linked to healthcare settings, and 25 (13.5 %) infected patients were healthcare workers. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the MERS-CoV isolate found in the Korean patient was closely related to the Qatar strain, and did not harbor transmission efficiency-improving mutations. Nevertheless, with the same infecting virus strain, Korea experienced the largest MERS-CoV outbreak outside the Arabian Peninsula, primarily due to the different characteristics of population density and the healthcare system. We aimed to review the epidemiological features and existing knowledge on the Korean MERS outbreak, and suggest methods to prevent future epidemics.
Bahrain ; Coronavirus Infections* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Disease Outbreaks* ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Korea ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; Middle East* ; Population Density ; Qatar ; Republic of Korea*

Background: Dopamine receptor agonists (DRAs) have been associated with impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) in preliminary studies. Whether the association holds true when DRAs are used to treat non-PD, such as restless legs syndrome, prolactinoma, and several mood disorders is uncertain. Objective: The present study aimed to understand the research gaps related to the risk of ICDs associated with pramipexole or ropinirole (PRX/ROP) use as a treatment for specific underlying diseases, excluding Parkinson’s disorders. Methods: We conducted a scoping review, systematically searching databases to identify literature on the types, prevalence, and factors associated with ICD in non-PD patients receiving PRX/ROP. All relevant information that helped understand the epidemiology of ICDs among non-PD patients taking PRX/ROP were extracted and analyzed. We also evaluated the potential associations between PRX/ROP and ICDs, utilizing the Naranjo scale or statistical analysis, depending on the type of literature. Results: We included 24 articles (19 case reports or case series and 5 populationbased studies) in this scoping review. Evaluating the 19 case reports or case series using Naranjo scores led to the discovery of a possible link between PRX/ROP exposure and ICDs. However, important information to assess causality is frequently missing.Moreover, the population-based studies lack diversity in the study populations and enough study samples to draw conclusive results. Conclusion Our scoping review suggests that the currently available literature requires more details in future case reports and for well-powered studies in various disease conditions where PRX/ROP is frequently used.