The aim of this study was to determine whether there are quantitative changes in the mechanoreceptors in the anterior cruciate ligament of unstable knee with injured medial articular cartilage or medial ligament. Twenty specimens of anterior cruciate ligament were obtained from medial articular cartilage injury group and medial ligament injury group, respectively. Forty anterior cruciate ligaments of the other side of knee were used as controls. The ligaments were transected and stained with a modified gold-chloride method. Mechanoreceptors were located almost exclusively in the periligamentous synovial tissue. The results were as follows; 1. Three kinds of mechanoreceptors were found at the surface of each ligament beneath the synovial membrane. 2. The type 2 mechanoreceptor was more common than any other types in all groups. 3. In the medial articular cartilage injury group, the number of mechanoreceptor was significantly decreased and morphologically degradated with synovial degeneration than the control group. The same findings were noted in the medial ligament injury group(P<0.003). 4. There was no statistical difference between the two experimental groups in numher of the mechanoreceptor. In conclusion, the mechanoreceptor of the anterior cruciate ligament of unstable knee with injured medial articular cartilage and ligament in the rabbit were decreased in its numher and were degradated morphologically than the control group. And it was suggested that reduced proprioception in unstable knee might he an another cause of development of osteoarthritis.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Cartilage, Articular* ; Knee ; Ligaments* ; Mechanoreceptors* ; Osteoarthritis ; Proprioception ; Synovial Membrane

Lipomas of the heart are benign neoplasms and have rarely been described. Due to the fact that they normally cause no symptoms, diagnosis is often purely accidental. Because of the rarity of these tumors, it seems worthwhile to present an example studied at autopsy. It was associated with the sudden death of a 15-year-old boy. The tumor arose from the wall of the left ventricle and occupied the pericardial cavity, measuring 13x7x6 cm in size. The tumor was whitish-yellow, translucent, and soft. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of mature adipose tissue which extended between muscle fibers. This current case, the giant cardiac lipoma is believed to produce disturbances of the conduction system and distrubances of cardiac filling.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: In cases where bony defects were present, guided bone regenerations have been performed to aid the placement of implants. Nowadays, the accepted concept is to isolate bone from soft tissue by using barrier membranes to allow room for generation of new bone. Nonresorbable membranes have been used extensively since the 1980's. However, this material has exhibited major shortcomings. To overcome these faults, efforts were made to develop resorbable membranes. Guided bone regenerations utilizing resorbable membranes were tried by a number of clinicians. Bio-Gide. is such a bioresorbable collagen that is easy to use and has shown fine clinical results. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological results of guided bone regenerations performed using resorbable collagen membrane(Bio-Gide.) with autogenous bone, bovine drived xenograft and combination of the two. Surface morphology and chemical composition was analyzed to understand the physical and chemical characteristics of bioresorbable collagen membrane and their effects on guided bone regeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bioresorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide.), Xenograft Bone(Bio-Oss), Two healthy, adult mongrel dogs were used. RESULTS: 1. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is pure collagen containing large amounts of Glysine, Alanine, Proline and Hydroxyproline. 2. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is a membrane with collagen fibers arranged more loosely and porously compared to the inner surface of canine mucosa : This allows for easier attachment by bone-forming cells. Blood can seep into these spaces between fibers and form clots that help stabilize the membrane. The result is improved healing. 3. Bioresorbable collagen membrane has a bilayered structure : The side to come in contact with soft tissue is smooth and compact. This prevents soft tissue penetration into bony defects. As the side in contact with bone is rough and porous, it serves as a stabilizing structure for bone regeneration by allowing attachment of bone-forming cells. 4. Regardless of whether a membrane had been used or not, the group with autogenous bone and Bio-Oss. filling showed the greatest amount of bone fill inside a hole, followed by the group with autogenous bone filling, the group with blood and the group with Bio-Oss. Filling in order. 5. When a membrane was inserted, regardless of the type of bone substitute used, a lesser amount of resorption occurred compared to when a membrane was not inserted. 6. The border between bone substitute and surrounding bone was the most indistinct with the group with autogenous bone filling, followed by the group with autogenous bone and Bio-Oss. filling, the group with blood, and the group with Bio-Oss. filling. 7. Three months after surgery, Bio-Gide. and Bio-Oss. were distinguishable. CONCLUSION: The best results were obtained with the group with autogenous bone and Bio-Oss. filling used in conjunction with a membrane.
Adult ; Alanine ; Animals ; Autografts* ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Collagen* ; Dogs ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Hydroxyproline ; Membranes* ; Mucous Membrane ; Proline ; Regeneration*

No abstract available.
Sarcoma 180* ; Sarcoma*

Primary ampullary carcinoma is one of rare gastrointestinal malignancies which can be diagnosed by ERCP and endoscopic biopsy. However, sometimes it is difficult to comfirm the diagnosis when the tumor is not exposed out of orifice of ampulla. Recently, we diagnosed early stage ampullary carcinoma using endoscopic sphincetrotomy for the exposure of tumor in 54 year old woman ia whom ERCP revealed rather impacted stone like filling defect in distal common bile duct. we describe a case of papillary adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater diagnosed by edoscopic sphincterotomy.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; Ampulla of Vater* ; Biopsy* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Common Bile Duct ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic*

No abstract available.
Lichen Planus ; Lichens

Purpose: We evaluated the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (K-PBQ) among Korean parents with children under 12 months of age. Methods: The K-PBQ was translated considering Korean cultural validity through translation, back-translation, and expert panel review. Construct validity was tested by conducting both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with data from 308 couples (N=616). Convergent and discriminant validity were performed using correlations between the K-PBQ and instruments measuring the concepts of attachment, postnatal depression, and dyadic adjustment. The reliability of the K-PBQ was calculated using Cronbach’s ⍺ coefficients. Results: EFA revealed that the 25-item K-PBQ was composed of two factors: impaired bonding (17 items) and the burden of infant care (8 items). The results of the final model fit were acceptable. Known-group validity showed that the K-PBQ score of the postnatal depressed group was significantly higher than that of the non-depressed group. The Cronbach’s ⍺ of the K-PBQ was .95. Conclusion The K-PBQ was verified as a valid and reliable scale to measure postpartum bonding among parents with children under 12 months of age in Korea. It may contribute to facilitating further research on parent-infant bonding.

Three cases of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia were treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul national University Hospital during last four years. In all cases, many Cafe-au-lait spots and subcutaneous nodules were shown on the whoIe body skin, which are suggestive of neuro-fibromatosis. Case 1, A thirteen years old boy was treated with plate and screw fixation with massive iliac cancellous and cortical graft. In a follow-up of three and one half years, solid bony union has been obtained with successful result. Case 2, A 5 years old boy was treated with Boyds dual cortical graft with plate and screw fixation. In a follow-up to eight months, bony union were satisfactory. Case 3, A six months old boy who is young brother of case 2, was treated with Charnleys intramedullary nailing and iliac cancellous and cortical graft. The patient is still in the Iong leg cast, six months postoperatively. The evidence of familial and hereditary factor in pedigree is elicited on case 2 and 3. This congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia in the sibling is regared as the first report in Korean literature.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Pedigree ; Pseudarthrosis ; Seoul ; Siblings ; Skin ; Tibia ; Transplants

Fifty-seven cases of non-union examined and treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during the period of 1968 to 1979 were observed and analysed. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Of the 57 cases,there were 43 male and 14 female patients. This result showed marked predominence of male over female patients. 2. Non-unions most commonly occured between 21 and 40 of age. 3. The causes of the fractures consisted of 22 traffic accidents, 20 fallings, 7 machinery injuries, 6 direct blows, and 2 chronic osteomyelitis. 4. Of the 57 cases, there were 20 open fractures and 37 closed fractures. 5. The sites of nonunion were lower extremities in 41 cases and upper extremities in 16 cases. The femur, 31 cases, was most commonly involved. 6. The mean duration from fracture to diagnosis of non-union was 14.8 months. 7. Prior to admission to this hospital, one received no treatment at all, 23 were treated conservatively, and the remaining 33 treated operatively. 8. Probable causes of the nonunions were unsatisfactory immobilization in 26 cases, operative complications in-24, infections in 3, interpositions of the soft tissues in 3, and separations of fragments in 1. 9. All patients received surgical operations, which were successful in 87.7%.
Accidents, Traffic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Seoul ; Upper Extremity

The geriatric population tends to increase, worldwidely, and the same in orthopedic fields. In this age group, senile changes, both physical and mental, appear. In addition, psychiatric problems due to retirement from the job and changes of the role in his society and in the family, are included. The geriatric orthopedics is peculiar and its importance is increasing, which makes great demands on both medical and surgical skills as well as an enthusiastic teamwork. Fifty six patients over the age of 70, who were admitted and treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, between 1986 to 1987, were analysed. The results were as follows. 1. Thirth four patiens were female and twenty two were male. 2. The fracture was the most common cause, and degenerative arthritis, tumor are the next causes. 3. Operation was performed in 38 cases. 4. The associated diseases were hypertension, diabetes, U.T.I., renal failure, poor sight, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, which were more common than other age group. 5. Intra or postoperative complications were hypertension, liver function abnormalities, renal and respiratory failures and et al., which were also more common. 6. Old age is a major risk factor for surgery, but is not a contraindication, so careful evaluation and managements are needed, which can be done by specialized geriatric orthopedic team.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Liver ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteoarthritis ; Postoperative Complications ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retirement ; Risk Factors ; Seoul