No abstract available.
Hernia, Diaphragmatic*

No abstract available.
Lung*

BACKGROUND: Among the various mechanisms of Myocardial reperfusion injuries, neutrophil is thought to be one of them. Endogenous coronary vasodilator adenosine is known to have myocardial protective effect through variable pharmacologic action, influencing the function of several cell types involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial reperfusion injury. This study was designed to determine the beneficial effect of adenosine on the left ventricular function during reperfusion and whether this effect is due to the adenosine on the role of neutrophil. METHODS: 27 open-chest cats were randomly divided into 3 groups. 6 cats received ischemic injury without reperfusion(group 1). 21 cats were subjected to 60 minutes of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by a 60-minute reperfusion. 11 of 21 cats received intravenous adenosine(0.15mg/Kg/min) infusion starting 5 minutes before reperfusion throughout the entire period(group 3). 10 cats received equal volume of saline instead of adenosine(group 2). RESULTS: 1) During the experimental period, significant decrease of heart rate, blood pressure, RPI, negative dP/dT and increase of LVEDP were noted in group 2 and 3 with no difference between the two groups. The reduction of positve dP/dT was more significant in group 2 at 30 and 60 minute of reperfusion than the preocclusion value(1404+/-111, 1631+/-161 vs 1832+/-169mmHg/sec at baseline, p<0.05). In contrast, positive dP/dT in group 3 at 30 and 60 minute of reperfusion were similar to baseline values(1890+/-92, 2052+/-112 vs 2025+/-227mmHg/sec at baseline, p=NS). These were significantly higher(p<0.05) than untreated group 2. 2) Infarct size was significantly reduced in adenosine-treated group 3, when expressed as a percentage of the area at risk(28.4+/-3.3% vs 44.5+/-3.2% of group 2, p<0.05). The significant increase in myeloperoxidase activity observed after reperfusion was not detected in adenosine treated group 3.(0.18+/-0.05 vs 0.46+/-0.09 unit/100mg wet tissue weight, p<0.05). A significant correlation was present between infarct size (% of left ventricle) and myeloperoxidase activity(r=0.72, p<0.01). 3) Light microscopic examination demonstrated the decreased acute interstitial and intra vascular inflammatory infiltration and capillary plugging together with decreased tendency of incidence of contraction band necrosis in adenosine treated group 3. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that intravenous administration of adenosine during the early reperfusion period significantly reduces infarct size, improving the early recovery of global ventricular function. The probable cause is the effect of adenosine on neutrophil as one of the various protective mechanisms of adenosine in feline heart model subjected to coronary occlusion and reperfusion, 60 minutes each.
Adenosine* ; Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; Cats ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels ; Heart Rate ; Heart* ; Incidence ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury* ; Myocardial Reperfusion* ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Peroxidase ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Ventricular Function ; Ventricular Function, Left

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

PURPOSE: Preoperative on-screen templating is a method of using acetate templates on digital images. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy, intra- and interobserver reliabilities of preoperative on-screen templating using digital radiographs for total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients with hip disease who were treated with primary cementless THA were retrospectively evaluated. The accuracy of on-screen templating was assessed by comparing the predicted prosthesis sizes with the actual sizes used operatively. The inter- and intraobserver reliabilities of the templating results were also evaluated. RESULTS: The prosthesis prediction accuracy within ±one size was 96.6% for the cup size and 97.8% for the stem size. The inter- and intraobserver reliabilities for the implant size were substantial (kappa>0.70). The intra- and interobserver reliabilities for the leg length discrepancy and femoral offset difference using the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.89 to 0.97. CONCLUSION: Preoperative on-screen templating using digital radiographs showed substantial accuracy and reliability for implant prediction. It is an effective method for predicting the size of implant, correcting the leg length discrepancy and restoring the femoral offset.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Prostheses and Implants ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Retrospective Studies

Authors observed clinically for congenital anophthalmos in two cases. One case was a boy, aged 6 years, having congenital anophthalmos of right eye with bifid uvula and another case was newbron baby, aged 4 days, having congenital anophthalmos and blepharophimosis of left eye and was born to undernutciented mother from chronic hepatitis.
Anophthalmos* ; Blepharophimosis ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Uvula

No abstract available.
Pancytopenia*

The gene for tyrosinase has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 11 at 11q14-21. The gene is at least 50Kb in length and its coding region is divided into five exons. Until now several mutations of the tyrosinase gene have been identifed in patient with typical oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) who are responsible for tyrosinase negative OCA. It may be possible to determine the types of OCA by measuring the hairbulb tyrosinase activity. Hairbulb tyrosinase activity was examined in a Korean albino to determine the type of OCA. And also tyrosinase assay was carried out in normally pigmented individuals and all members of a Korean albino's family to examine the tyrosinase activities. Five exons of tyrosinase gene from a Korean albino were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Each amplified exon segments were independently subcloned and DNA sequences of clones were determined. The results obtained were as follows : 1. A Korean albino had no measurable hairbulb tyrosinase activity and was identified as type IA (tyrosinase negative) oculocutaneous albinism. 2. Normally pigmented individuals had different ranges of hairbulb tyrosinase activity. 3. A Korean albino had two single base insertions within exon V (between 337bp and 338bp, 353bp and 354bp) of tyrosinase gene. These insertional mutations might disrupt tyrosinase function and were associated with a total lack of melanin biosynthesis.
Albinism* ; Albinism, Oculocutaneous ; Arm ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Clinical Coding ; Clone Cells ; Exons ; Humans ; Melanins ; Monophenol Monooxygenase* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVE: To ananlyze the direct effect of nitric oxide (NO), generated from sodium prusside (SNP) on the embryo developments in reproductive process. DESIGN: ova from mouse were treated to allow fertilization in in vitro culture. And the samples of fertilized ova were alloted into five alliqutos. Each alliquot was cultured in media treated with either concentration at 0 (n=92), 25microM (n=84), 50microM (n=80), 100microM (n=77), 500microM (n=54) of SNP. Main Outcome MEASURE: Rates of embryonal cell cleavages, viability and cell morphology were assessed during in vitro fertilization and culture. RESULTS: As analyse the cell cleavage at 24 hours after in vitro culture of fertilised egg in variuos NO concentration, all of egg cells of each alliquot were developed to 2~4 cell stage. But the alliquot of egg cells treated with 500microM, which were totally degenerated. And also all embryonal cells of each alliquot were developed to 8 cell stage and morula stage on culture continuosly. And the embryonal cells of each alliquot were analysed at 24 and 48 hours following the in vitro culture. The rates of cell fragmentation and fusion were 4.2+/-3.4% in control group which is not treated with NO, while experimental groups was high, as rated 23.4+/-6.2% in 25microM, 28.2+/-5.7% in 50microM and 32.1+/-6.4% in 100microM concentration of NO. Accordingly the rate of abnormal morphology of embryonal cell in control was lower significantly than that in each alliquot of experimental groups (p<0.05). And the degenerated rates of embryonal cells were 0% in control, 17.8+/-6.7% in 25microM, 23.6+/-4.7% in 50microM and 26.8+/-11.2% in 100microM at 8 cells and morula on culture of 48 and 72 hours. On the examination of embryonal cells developed to blastocyst through in vitro culture, the rates of degenerated cells were 16.8+/-7.2% in control, 37.5+/-6.2% in 25microM, 73.4+/-4.6% in 50microM, 100% in 100microM. CONCLUSION: This results suggeted that the No in any concentrations is harmful on embryos in view of morphology as well as viability of cell, and the toxicity of No on embryo is stronger at condition in higher concentration of NO.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Embryonic Structures ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Mice* ; Morula ; Nitric Oxide* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Ovum ; Sodium

Krukenberg tumor of the primary breast carcinoma is rare and this is almost invasive lobular carcinoma. They are usually bilateral and frequent in premenopausal women. Diagnosis of symptomatic Krukenberg tumor is reported to be 1 or 2 year after the diagnosis of primary neoplasm. But sometimes it is discovered prior to the detection of the primary breast carcinoma. Unexpected ovarian micrometastasis was recognized after oophorectomy of normally appearing ovaries in breast cancer patients. Existence of Krukenberg tumor means advanced primary disease and possible metastasis to other organs, and have a poorer prognosis. We report a case of Krukenberg tumors occurred 3 years after the diagnosis of primary ductal type breast carcinoma.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis ; Ovariectomy ; Ovary* ; Prognosis