The principle of surgery of the parotid gland is adequate removal of the tumor with functional and anatomical preservation of all blanches of the facial nerve. There are two main surgical approaches to superficial or total conservative parotidectomy. Anterior approach and posterior approach. Preliminary identification of the main trunk of the facial nerve is probably the most favoured techniques, but identification of the peripheral blanches of the facial nerve, with subsequent Proximal dissection to the main trunk, is long established but less popular technique. We have prospectively experienced the low incidence of facial nerve damage in series of 55 conservative parotidectomies performed using the anterior approach. The techniques employed is described with a deport of results obtained in the belief that this approach warrants greater popularity and saute technique.
Facial Nerve ; Incidence ; Parotid Gland ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Leg* ; Myocutaneous Flap*

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia(ALHE) is a benign angiomatous neoplasm which usually arises from skin, blood vessel, soft tissue, heart and rarely from bone. The authors experienced a case of ALHE which involved the distal femur of 35-years old male and treated by marginal excision and autogenous cancellous bone graft with plate fixation.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Blood Vessels ; Femur ; Heart ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: We investigated whether infantile vulvar abscesses are predictable features of rectovestibular fistula with a normal anus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of five infants with vulvar abscesses and rectovestibular fistulae with normal anuses was performed. RESULTS: Four cases had a left vulvar abscess, and in one case the vulvar abscess was on the right side. All caregivers reported passage of stool from the vagina. The fistulae were almost uniformly located from the vestibule to the rectum above the anal dentate line, observable by visual inspection and probing under anesthesia. The first two cases were treated with division and closure of the fistulae after a diverting loop colostomy, and the remaining three cases with fistulotomy and curettage. There was no recurrence during the median follow-up period of 38 months. CONCLUSION: This unique rectovestibular fistula should be suspected in female infants with vulvar abscesses, especially when parents report passage of stool from the vagina. Fistulotomy and curettage may be an initial treatment and effective as a temporary diverting colostomy and delayed repair of the fistula.
Abscess/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Rectovaginal Fistula/diagnosis/*pathology/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Gastroparesis is a clinical term for gastric dysmotility or paralysis that presents without mechanical obstruction, but with functional obstruction. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and abdominal distension may result from the functional obstruction of gastroparesis. Gastroparesis is frequently associated with such systemic diseases as diabetic mellitus and scleroderma or with certain operations such as vagotomy. Yet gastroparesis is rarely described in older children after viral infection. The authors observed a case of gastroparesis after pyretic symptoms. We report here on this case and its clinical consequences.
Child ; Gastroparesis ; Humans ; Nausea ; Paralysis ; Vagotomy ; Vomiting

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. PURPOSE: To assess postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in anxiety patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (SS). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Although an association between preoperative anxiety and abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism may exist, only a limited number of studies using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) have evaluated preoperative to postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in SS patients in detail. METHODS: The present study was designed to assess preoperative to postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in anxiety patients with SS. F-18 FDG PET with statistical parametric mapping analyses was used to compare preoperative and postoperative regional brain glucose metabolism in 18 SS patients. RESULTS: F-18 FDG PET scans showed postoperative activation of several brain clusters in gray matter. These included left parahippocampus, left cerebellar tonsil, left inferior semi-lunar lobule, and right cerebellar tonsil. Areas that were deactivated postoperatively were the right insula, left fusiform gyrus, left orbitofrontal cortex, left inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left precuneus, and left inferior frontal gyrus. CONCLUSIONS: SS patients with preoperative anxiety showed altered cerebral glucose metabolism at postoperative follow-up.
Anxiety ; Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Humans ; Palatine Tonsil ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Stenosis

PURPOSE: Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney during the childhood period. This is a potentially curable disease with an excellent prognosis due to the development of the multimodal treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and nephrectomy. The aim of this study was 1) to analyze our clinical experiences with of Wilms' tumor at a single tertiary medical center, including the survival rate and recurrence of disease after treatment and 2) to investigate the prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients. METHODS: We performed retrospective analysis of the clinicopathologic data of 68 patients who underwent operation for Wilms' tumor during 20 years from March 1986 to March 2005 at Yonsei Medical Center. RESULTS: 40 (58.8%) patients were male and 28 patients (41.2%) were female. The median age at diagnosis was 25 month (range: 2 month to~10 year 10 month). Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 27 patients (39.7%), and initial nephrectomy followed by chemotherapy was performed in 41 patients (60.3%). Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was performed in 27 patients (39.7%). The median duration of follow-up period was 8 year 2 month (range: 24 day to~18 year 6 month). The overall 5-year survival rate and 5-year disease free survival rate were 87.0% and 76.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the significant prognostic factors affecting survival were age at diagnosis (P=0.016), pathologic stage (P=0.032) and, Tumor spillage or rupture during operation (P=0.005) and tumor cell anaplasia (P=0.031). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor spillage or rupture during operation was the most significant prognostic factor (Relative Risk=4.5). CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis, meticulous surgical technique and proper pre-or postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy according to the tumor histology significantly increase the patient's survival rates.
Anaplasia ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Survival Rate ; Wilms Tumor*

A 43-year-old female patient with a congenital right coronary artery to right atrial fistula presented as congestive heart failure and aortic valve infective endocarditis. The diagnosis was made on the basis of echocardiography, especially TEE and confirmed by tight heart catheterization & aortography. She underwent aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic valve regurgitation with vegetations, fistulectomy and coronary aneurysmorrhaphy. The postoperative course was uneventful. She was treated with antibiotics because of infective endocarditis for 6 weeks. At present she remains well and visits out patient clinic regularly for oral anticoagulation without problem.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aortic Valve* ; Aortography ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Female ; Fistula ; Heart Failure* ; Humans

Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas occurs most frequently in the second or third decades of life, and is prevalent in females. Unlike other pancreatic malignancy, SPT usually has a low malignancy potential. This study reviews our clinical experience and surgical treatment of pancreatic SPT. Admission records and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively for the period between January 1996 and January 2003. Five patients with a pancreatic mass were operated upon and SPT was confirmed by pathology in each case. The male to female ratio was 1 : 4. The median age was 13.8 years. Findings were vague upper abdominal pain (n=5, 100 %) and an abdominal palpable mass (n=3, 60 %). The median tumor diameter was 6.8cm and the locations were 2 in the pancreatic head (40 %) and 3 in the pancreatic tail (60 %). Extra-pancreatic invasion or distant metastasis was not found at the initial operation in all five cases. A pyloruspreserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (n=1) and a mass enucleation (n=1) were performed in two patients of pancreatic head tumors. For three cases of tumors in pancreatic tail, distal pancreatectomy (n=2) and combined distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy (n=1) were performed. The median follow-up period was 60 months(12-117month). During the follow-up period, there was no local recurrence, nor distant metastasis. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy was not carried out. All five children were alive during the follow up period without any evidence of disease relapse. SPT of the pancreas in childhood has good prognosis and surgical resection of the tumor is usually curative.
Abdominal Pain ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Child* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Splenectomy

The authors applied anterior sagittal transrectal apporach (ASTRA) for the repair of urethrovaginal fistula which developed after total repair of persistent cloaca. The patient had been diagnosed to have persistent cloaca, double uterus and double vagina, and received PSARP, excision of right-side uterus and vagina, and left vaginal switch operation at 22 months old. After operation, the patient admitted several times due to frequent urinary tract infection and ectopic stone formation in bladder and neovagina. Urethro-neovaginal fistula was confirmed by cystoscopy and corrected with ASTRA. Postoperative voiding cystourethrogram showed no fistula tract. ASTRA showed improved surgical field, minimized ureterocystic damage, and preserved perirectal nerve due to limited incision of rectum.
Cloaca* ; Cystoscopy ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Infant ; Rectum ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Uterus ; Vagina