No Abstract Available.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Rupture* ; Tendons*

BACKGROUND: It has been well known that absolute and interpeak latencies of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) are usually prolonged in diabetics. However, Its etiology is still controversial. We tried to identify whether the cause is structural or metabolic in origin by performing BAEP and brain MRI in the diabetic patients. METHODS: BAEP were performed in both the diabetic patients (DM) group (16 males and 15 females) and the normal control group (25 males and 33 female). A brain MRI was performed in the DM group on those who showed abnormal BAEP and com-pared the results of BAEP of the DM group with those of the control group. RESULTS: 7 patients (22.6%) showed abnor-mal BAEP (male; 6, female; 1, unilateral; 4, bilateral; 3) when abnormal BAEP was defined as being larger than two and a half standard deviations of the control group BAEP results. Two males of the DM group who showed abnormal structural lesions of the pons in their brain MRI were not included in the statistical analysis. The remaining 14 diabetic male patients (mean age: 58.7 +/-9.1 years, mean disease duration: 6.1 +/-4.7 years, mean hemoglobin (Hb) A1C: 7.7 +/- 2.0%) and 15 diabetic female patients (mean age: 60.6 +/-10.8 years, mean disease duration: 5.4 +/-5.1 years, mean HgA1C: 7.8 +/-2.1%) were stastistically analyzed. Interpeak latencies of I-III, III-V, and I-V were found to be signifi-cantly prolonged in the DM group. The prolongation of interpeak latencies of I-III and I-V were found to be signifi-cantly correlated with the disease duration only in the diabetic female patients, but not with age and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that both metabolic derangement and structural lesion contribute to prolonging the central conduction time on BAEP pathway in diabetics.
Brain ; Brain Stem* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pons

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Neutralizing* ; Feces* ; Rotavirus*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of CT and MR imagings in the diagnosis aortic dissection and differentiation between the true and false lumen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied forty patients with aortic dissection(AD) diagnosed imagings or surgery. Of the forty patients, 19 were examined with only CT, 14 with CT and MR, and 7 with MI~: Our points of view were(1) the classification of AD according to configuration of intimal flap by cross-sectional imaging, (2) differentiation between the true and false lumens, (3) the course of the false lumen, and (4)! detectability of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. RESULTS: The classification by corss-sectional imaging were crescentic(65%), circumferential(15%), flat(12%), and irregular(8%) type, in which false negative diagnosis was made in 1 case of crescentic and circumferential type, respectively. In 2 case of flat type and 1 case of irregular type, the differentiation between the true and false lumen was impossible with CT. The course of the false lumen in descending thoracic aorta revealed countrclock wise rotation(66%), clockwise rotation(5%) or fixed(29%) apperance. MR imaging was superior to CT in the detection of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. The determination of the origin of major branches of abdominal aorta arising from the true and false lumen were impossible in 2 cases in which only CT was done. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of crescentic and circumferential types of AD with narrow and thrombosed false lumen was problematic in both CT and MR with no difference of diagnostic accuracy between the two modalities. The differentiation between the true and false lumen was difficult in flat and irregular types with only CT. Therefore, when surgical treatment is considered as in type B aortic dissection, MR imaging is recommended in order to determine the origin of major branch vessels.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Chancre ; Lip

Background: Brain MRI may unexpectedly display abnormalities in splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). However, the clinical implications of this lesion are unclear and are not always consistent with ischemic infarctions. We performed this study to clarify the clinical and radiological implications in patients with SCC lesions. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with MRIreported SCC changes between 2009 and 2012. We analyzed clinical and radiological findings, etiologies, cognitive impairment, and clinical outcomes. Results: We found 30 patients (16 females; mean 50.5 years) who had SCC lesions on MRI. Confusion was the most common clinical finding in 50% of cases. Cerebral infarction was the most common etiology (50%). The most consistent SCC changes on MRI were low signal in T1WI, high signal on T2WI and FLAIR, and high signal on DWI. We classified SCC lesions into in situ SCC lesions (SCC only) and multiple (SCC plus) lesions for patients with multiple lesions. The clinical symptoms of SCC only lesions were relatively mild. Cognitive functions were evaluated by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale at the time of discharge and patients with SCC only lesions showed less impaired cognition compared with those with SCC plus lesions. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the modified Rankin scale at 1 month and patients with SCC only lesions revealed good clinical outcomes compared with those with SCC plus lesions. Conclusions: MRI-reported SCC lesions may have heterogeneous etiologies and present with various symptoms. The clinical course and outcome are relatively good, particularly in small isolated and oval shaped SCC lesions.

Dupuytren's contracture is characterized by a proliferative fibroplasia and contracture of the palmar fascia with resultant deformity of hand and finger. It is most common in those of Scandinavian and Celtic origin but it is very rare in the orientals. We experienced 30 hands of 21 patients from January 1985 to December 1995 in Soonchunhyang University Hospital. Among 21 patients, operative treatment was done in 28 hands of 19 patients. Partial fasciectomy was done in 24 hands and complete fasciectomy was done in 4 hands. The longitudinal straight skin incision was done in 14 cases and the transverse or Zig-Zag incision was done in 12 cases. Average follow-up period was 24 months. The results of the operative treatment were classified by Honner's classification. Excellent result was obtained in 16 cases (57%), good in 8 (29%), fair in 3 (11%), poor in 1 (3%). The complications were 5 cases as follows; recurrence 2, skin defect 1, hypoesthesia 2. In conclusion, partial fasciectomy utilizing longitudinal straight incisions overlying diseased area is suggested as one of the good method for the treatment of Dupuytren s contracture.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Dupuytren Contracture* ; Fascia ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Recurrence ; Skin

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between clock-drawing test (CDT) performance and neuropsychological functions in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: Thirty-one patients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls participated in this study. The CDT was administered in three conditions and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative scoring systems. Comprehensive neuropsychological tests were administered. Results: The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the schizophrenia group performed significantly worse in all three conditions of the CDT compared with the control group. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups, when the IQ and educational level were controlled. The qualitative analysis showed that the schizophrenia group exhibited significantly more errors in “graphic difficulty” compared with the control group. In addition, CDT quantitative scores were significantly correlated with visuospatial function, memory, attention and executive functions in patients with schizophrenia. Conversely, each qualitative error type was correlated with specific cognitive domains. Furthermore, “graphic difficulty” and “spatial/ planning deficit” were identified as predictors of depression symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the CDT is useful for assessing cognitive dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia, while qualitative analyses provide more specific information about cognitive deficits compared with quantitative analyses.

By doing MRI of spinal cord and elctrophysiological studies we were going to correlate MRI and electrophysiologi-cal findings with the known pathology of tabes dorsalis. A 45 year old male patient developed gait ataxia with a tin-gling sense in hands and feet in september of 1996. Neurological examination revealed impaired position sense in his great toes and thumbs with profound instability in the Romberg test, and areflexias in his knee and ankle jerks. Serum VDRL and TPHA test results were positive. CSF revealed pleocytosis(WBC : 16/cubic mm), elevated protein level, and reactive VDRL and FTA-ABS tests. Spinal MRI showed high signal intensity in the posterior part of the entire length of the cervical cord without enhancement with Gadolinium. Follow-up spinal MRI of the cervical area, which was taken two years after penicillin treatment did not show any interval change and spinal MRI of thoracolumbar area also showed similar finding to that of the cervical cord. Nerve conduction studies before and after the penicillin trea-ment showed normal findings except absent H-reflexes. However, the somatosensory evoked potentials with posterior tibial nerve stimulation did not show any abnormalities, which were incompatible with previous report and the known pathologic abnormality. Normal somatosensory evoked potentials suggests using any other pathways than the posterior column in conducting somatosensory evoked potentials.
Ankle ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Gadolinium ; Gait Ataxia ; H-Reflex ; Hand ; Humans ; Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Conduction ; Neurologic Examination ; Pathology ; Penicillins ; Proprioception ; Spinal Cord ; Tabes Dorsalis* ; Thumb ; Tibial Nerve ; Toes

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in diabetic patients. METHOD: Electrodiagnostic study was performed to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome and polyneuropathy in 266 (male 151, female 115) diabetic patients. General charateristics, diabetes related factors, anthropometric factors were compared between non-carpal tunnel syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome groups to identify the risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. RESULTS: Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in diabetic patients was 16.2 % (43 subjects). Female, farming, wrist depth width ratio (>or=0.7) were associated with carpal tunnel syndrome in diabetic patients. In right hand, odds ratio was 12.82 (95% confidence interval: 2.97~55.3) in female, 5.15 (95% confidence interval: 1.17~22.7) in farming, 28.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.80~451.1) in wrist depth width ratio (>or=0.7). The similar results were also observed in left hand. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that occupation, sex, and anthropometric factor like wrist shape were more associated with carpal tunnel syndrome in diabetic patients than diabetes mellitus itself.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Occupations ; Odds Ratio ; Polyneuropathies ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors* ; Wrist